Test Bank for Comprehensive Radiographic Pathology, Eighth Edition by Ronald L. Eisenberg.

,Test Bank for Comprehensive Radiographic
Pathology, Eighth Edition by Ronald L.
Eisenberg.
1. A disease process caused by physicians or their treatment is termed:
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a) Idiopathic
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b) Iatrogenic
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c) Neoplasia
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d) Nosocomial
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Answer: b) Iatrogenic hg hg




Rationale: Iatrogenic diseases are those caused by medical treatment itself, including adverse drug
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reactions, surgical complications, or radiation-
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induced conditions. This is distinguished from idiopathic (unknown cause) and nosocomial (hospit
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al-acquired) conditions . hg hg




2. The sequence of events producing cellular changes following injury best defines:
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a) Manifestations
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b) Pathogenesis
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c) Sign
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d) Symptom
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Answer: b) Pathogenesis hg hg




Rationale: Pathogenesis refers to the sequence of cellular and tissue events that occur from the ti
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me of initial contact with an etiologic agent until the disease becomes clinically apparent. Underst
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anding pathogenesis helps the technologist anticipate radiographic changes .
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3. An abnormal disturbance of the function and structure of the human body following i
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njury refers to: hg hg




a) Disease
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b) Etiology
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c) Manifestations
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d) Pathogenesis
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Answer: a) Disease hg hg




Rationale: Disease is defined as an abnormal disturbance of the function and/or structure of the h
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uman body following injury. It refers to a deviation from the normal state of health and homeosta
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sis . hg

,4. The study of the cause of disease is termed:
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a) Disease
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b) Etiology
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c) Pathogenesis
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d) Prognosis
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Answer: b) Etiology hg hg




Rationale: Etiology is the study of the cause of disease. Understanding etiology helps predict disea
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se manifestations, treatment, and prognosis .
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5. A syndrome is best defined as:
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a) A genetic abnormality of a single protein
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b) An adverse response to medical treatment
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c) The patient's perception of the disease
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d) Signs and symptoms that characterize a specific abnormal disturbance
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Answer: d) Signs and symptoms that characterize a specific abnormal disturbance
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Rationale: A syndrome is a set of signs and symptoms that occur together and characterize a spec
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ific abnormal disturbance. It is not a specific disease but rather a collection of features that may h
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ave multiple underlying causes .
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6. An adverse response to medical treatment itself is termed:
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a) Autoimmune
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b) Iatrogenic
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c) Idiopathic
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d) Nosocomial
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Answer: b) Iatrogenic hg hg




Rationale: Iatrogenic diseases are caused by medical treatment itself. For radiologic technologists,
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radiation exposure during imaging procedures could potentially contribute to iatrogenic effects if
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proper shielding protocols are not followed .
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7. Prognosis refers to:
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a) Diseases usually having a quick onset
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b) The name of the particular disease
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c) The predicted course and outcome of the disease
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d) The structure of cells or tissue
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, Answer: c) The predicted course and outcome of the disease
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Rationale: Prognosis is the predicted or probable course and outcome of a disease. It takes into ac
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count the likely duration, expected progression, and anticipated response to treatment .
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8. Diseases that generally require a decrease in the exposure technique are considered:
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a) Destructive
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b) Lytic
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c) Subtractive
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d) All of the above
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Answer: d) All of the above hg hg hg hg hg




Rationale: Destructive and lytic diseases that cause demineralization or tissue loss require decreas
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ed exposure technique to prevent over-
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penetration. This is critical for the radiologic technologist to recognize so that image quality is opt
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imized based on the patient's pathological changes .
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9. The investigation of disease occurring in large groups best defines:
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a) Epidemiology
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b) Incidence
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c) Prevalence
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d) All of the above
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Answer: a) Epidemiology hg hg




Rationale: Epidemiology is the study of disease occurrence in human populations, including how a
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nd why diseases occur, their distribution patterns, and what factors determine their frequency .
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10. Data regarding the number of deaths caused by a particular disease averaged over a
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population are collected and reported by the: hg hg hg hg hg hg




a) American College of Radiology
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b) Centers for Disease Control
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c) Food and Drug Administration
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d) National Center for Health Statistics
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Answer: d) National Center for Health Statistics
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Rationale: The National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) is responsible for collecting and report
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ing vital statistics data, including mortality (death) rates by disease .
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