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ATI Medical-Surgical Nursing CMS Proctored
Exam 150 Questions and Answers | 100% Pass
Guaranteed | Graded A+
1. A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of heart failure. Which of the
following findings is an early manifestation of left-sided heart failure?
A. Peripheral edema
B. Jugular venous distention
C. Nocturnal dyspnea
D. Hepatomegaly
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Nocturnal dyspnea (paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea) is an early manifestation of
left-sided heart failure due to fluid redistribution to the lungs when lying flat. Peripheral edema
(A), JVD (B), and hepatomegaly (D) are signs of right-sided heart failure, which develops later as
a consequence of left-sided failure.
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2. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for warfarin. Which of
the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
A. "I will avoid eating green leafy vegetables."
B. "I will take ibuprofen if I have a headache."
C. "I will check my blood pressure daily."
D. "I will increase my intake of vitamin K-rich foods."
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Warfarin is a vitamin K antagonist; clients should maintain a consistent intake of
vitamin K-rich foods (green leafy vegetables) rather than avoiding them completely, but they
should avoid sudden large increases. Ibuprofen (B) increases bleeding risk and should be
avoided. Blood pressure monitoring (C) is important but not specific to warfarin therapy.
3. A nurse is caring for a client who is 2 hours postoperative following a total knee
arthroplasty. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to prevent venous
thromboembolism?
A. Apply sequential compression devices (SCDs) to the bilateral lower extremities.
B. Maintain the client in a supine position with the knees flexed.
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C. Massage the client's calves to promote circulation.
D. Administer aspirin 325 mg orally.
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: SCDs are a non-pharmacologic measure to prevent venous thromboembolism by
promoting venous return. Flexing the knees (B) can impede venous return. Massaging the calves
(C) is contraindicated due to the risk of dislodging a thrombus. Aspirin (D) is not the first-line
pharmacologic prophylaxis; low-molecular-weight heparin is preferred postoperatively.
4. A nurse is assessing a client who has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Which
of the following findings should the nurse expect?
A. Flattened diaphragm on chest X-ray
B. Decreased anteroposterior (AP) chest diameter
C. Wheezing on auscultation
D. Increased breath sounds on auscultation
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: In COPD, hyperinflation of the lungs causes flattening of the diaphragm on chest X-
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ray. AP chest diameter is increased (barrel chest) (B). Wheezing (C) can occur but is not specific
to COPD. Breath sounds are typically diminished, not increased (D).
5. A nurse is caring for a client who has a central venous catheter. Which of the following
actions should the nurse take to prevent catheter-related bloodstream infection?
A. Change the transparent dressing every 7 days.
B. Use sterile technique when changing the dressing.
C. Flush the catheter with normal saline every 8 hours.
D. Apply antibiotic ointment to the insertion site daily.
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Sterile technique is essential during central line dressing changes to prevent
infection. Transparent dressings should be changed every 7 days or sooner if soiled (A). Flushing
(C) is not directly related to infection prevention. Antibiotic ointment (D) is not recommended for
central lines due to the risk of fungal infections.
ATI Medical-Surgical Nursing CMS Proctored
Exam 150 Questions and Answers | 100% Pass
Guaranteed | Graded A+
1. A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of heart failure. Which of the
following findings is an early manifestation of left-sided heart failure?
A. Peripheral edema
B. Jugular venous distention
C. Nocturnal dyspnea
D. Hepatomegaly
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Nocturnal dyspnea (paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea) is an early manifestation of
left-sided heart failure due to fluid redistribution to the lungs when lying flat. Peripheral edema
(A), JVD (B), and hepatomegaly (D) are signs of right-sided heart failure, which develops later as
a consequence of left-sided failure.
, 2
2. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for warfarin. Which of
the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
A. "I will avoid eating green leafy vegetables."
B. "I will take ibuprofen if I have a headache."
C. "I will check my blood pressure daily."
D. "I will increase my intake of vitamin K-rich foods."
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Warfarin is a vitamin K antagonist; clients should maintain a consistent intake of
vitamin K-rich foods (green leafy vegetables) rather than avoiding them completely, but they
should avoid sudden large increases. Ibuprofen (B) increases bleeding risk and should be
avoided. Blood pressure monitoring (C) is important but not specific to warfarin therapy.
3. A nurse is caring for a client who is 2 hours postoperative following a total knee
arthroplasty. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to prevent venous
thromboembolism?
A. Apply sequential compression devices (SCDs) to the bilateral lower extremities.
B. Maintain the client in a supine position with the knees flexed.
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C. Massage the client's calves to promote circulation.
D. Administer aspirin 325 mg orally.
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: SCDs are a non-pharmacologic measure to prevent venous thromboembolism by
promoting venous return. Flexing the knees (B) can impede venous return. Massaging the calves
(C) is contraindicated due to the risk of dislodging a thrombus. Aspirin (D) is not the first-line
pharmacologic prophylaxis; low-molecular-weight heparin is preferred postoperatively.
4. A nurse is assessing a client who has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Which
of the following findings should the nurse expect?
A. Flattened diaphragm on chest X-ray
B. Decreased anteroposterior (AP) chest diameter
C. Wheezing on auscultation
D. Increased breath sounds on auscultation
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: In COPD, hyperinflation of the lungs causes flattening of the diaphragm on chest X-
, 4
ray. AP chest diameter is increased (barrel chest) (B). Wheezing (C) can occur but is not specific
to COPD. Breath sounds are typically diminished, not increased (D).
5. A nurse is caring for a client who has a central venous catheter. Which of the following
actions should the nurse take to prevent catheter-related bloodstream infection?
A. Change the transparent dressing every 7 days.
B. Use sterile technique when changing the dressing.
C. Flush the catheter with normal saline every 8 hours.
D. Apply antibiotic ointment to the insertion site daily.
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Sterile technique is essential during central line dressing changes to prevent
infection. Transparent dressings should be changed every 7 days or sooner if soiled (A). Flushing
(C) is not directly related to infection prevention. Antibiotic ointment (D) is not recommended for
central lines due to the risk of fungal infections.
