Sociology 101 (Exam 1)
Terms in this set (136)
C. Wright Mills coined the term "The sociological imagination" and allows us to comprehend
the change happening around us.
Sociological Imagination Ability to see the connection between the larger world and our personal lives
(C. Wright Mills)
Auguste Comte (1798-1857) "Father of Sociology" - invented what he called "social physics" to understand
the world. We could determine what is right and wrong without reference to
higher powers or other religious concepts.
Social Institution Any institution in a society that works to shape the behavior of the groups of
people within it
Theoretical Stage Society seemed to be the result of divine will
"It was God's plan
Metaphysical Stage human behavior governed by natural, biological instincts
Scientific Stage develop a social physics to understand human behavior
Harriet Martineau (1802-1876) In 1853 she translated Auguste Comte's work from French to English. *one of
the earliest feminist social scientists
Karl Marx (1818-83) founder of "Marxism" the ideological alternative to capitalism
Max Weber (1864-1920) first to use sociological imagination. created Verstehen ("understanding"). To
truly understand why people act the way they do, a sociologist must
understand the meanings people attach to their actions.
Emile Durkheim (1858-1917) studied suicide and showed how individual acts are conditioned by social
forces.
Anomie too little social regulation; normlessness
, Sociology 101 (Exam 1)
Georg Simmel Established a sociology of numbers, how people conduct themselves
differently depending how many people are involved
Sociology "cousins" Psychology, anthropology, History, political science
Symbolic Interactionism A micro-level theory in which shared means and assumptions form the basic
motivations behind people's actions
Quantitative Methods uses statistical analysis to examine numerical data
(data that can be converted to numerical form)
Qualitative methods methods that attempt to collect information about the social world that cannot
be readily converted to numeric form.
Sociology The study of human society. The general goal of sociology is to allow us to see
how our individual lives are intimately related to the social forces that exist
beyond us
Deductive approach a research approach that starts with a theory, forms a hypothesis, makes
empirical observations, and then analyzes the data to confirm, reject, or modify
the original theory
Inductive approach a research approach that starts with empirical observations and then works to
form a theory.
correlation or association simultaneous variation in two variables
Causality The notion that a change in one factor results in a corresponding change in
another
Reverse Causality A situation in which the researcher believes that A results in a change in B, but B
in fact, is causing A
Dependent Variable The outcome you are trying to explain
Independent Variable Measures a variable that, if changed, you predict will be associated with
changes in the dependent variable.
Hypothesis a proposed relationship between two variables
Operationalization the process of assigning a precise method for measuring a term being
examined for use in a particular study.
Validity the extent to which an instrument measures what it is intended to measure
Terms in this set (136)
C. Wright Mills coined the term "The sociological imagination" and allows us to comprehend
the change happening around us.
Sociological Imagination Ability to see the connection between the larger world and our personal lives
(C. Wright Mills)
Auguste Comte (1798-1857) "Father of Sociology" - invented what he called "social physics" to understand
the world. We could determine what is right and wrong without reference to
higher powers or other religious concepts.
Social Institution Any institution in a society that works to shape the behavior of the groups of
people within it
Theoretical Stage Society seemed to be the result of divine will
"It was God's plan
Metaphysical Stage human behavior governed by natural, biological instincts
Scientific Stage develop a social physics to understand human behavior
Harriet Martineau (1802-1876) In 1853 she translated Auguste Comte's work from French to English. *one of
the earliest feminist social scientists
Karl Marx (1818-83) founder of "Marxism" the ideological alternative to capitalism
Max Weber (1864-1920) first to use sociological imagination. created Verstehen ("understanding"). To
truly understand why people act the way they do, a sociologist must
understand the meanings people attach to their actions.
Emile Durkheim (1858-1917) studied suicide and showed how individual acts are conditioned by social
forces.
Anomie too little social regulation; normlessness
, Sociology 101 (Exam 1)
Georg Simmel Established a sociology of numbers, how people conduct themselves
differently depending how many people are involved
Sociology "cousins" Psychology, anthropology, History, political science
Symbolic Interactionism A micro-level theory in which shared means and assumptions form the basic
motivations behind people's actions
Quantitative Methods uses statistical analysis to examine numerical data
(data that can be converted to numerical form)
Qualitative methods methods that attempt to collect information about the social world that cannot
be readily converted to numeric form.
Sociology The study of human society. The general goal of sociology is to allow us to see
how our individual lives are intimately related to the social forces that exist
beyond us
Deductive approach a research approach that starts with a theory, forms a hypothesis, makes
empirical observations, and then analyzes the data to confirm, reject, or modify
the original theory
Inductive approach a research approach that starts with empirical observations and then works to
form a theory.
correlation or association simultaneous variation in two variables
Causality The notion that a change in one factor results in a corresponding change in
another
Reverse Causality A situation in which the researcher believes that A results in a change in B, but B
in fact, is causing A
Dependent Variable The outcome you are trying to explain
Independent Variable Measures a variable that, if changed, you predict will be associated with
changes in the dependent variable.
Hypothesis a proposed relationship between two variables
Operationalization the process of assigning a precise method for measuring a term being
examined for use in a particular study.
Validity the extent to which an instrument measures what it is intended to measure
