ALU 201 ALL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SET A+
✔✔Name and differentiate between the liver function tests (LFTs) that are used as the
basis for screening the liver for underlying pathology. - ✔✔Refer to pages 26-30.
✔✔Define Wilson's disease and describe its treatment options and prognosis. -
✔✔Refer to pages 48-49.
✔✔Medical treatment for hepatitis C includes which of the following?
A. interferon alpha
B. methotrexate
C. ribavirin
Answer Options:
1. A and B only are correct.
2. A and C only are correct.
3. B and C only are correct.
4. A, B, and C are correct. - ✔✔Answer 2: A and C only are correct (pages 42-43)
✔✔Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NALFD) can be caused by all the following
EXCEPT:
1. obesity
2. hypertension
3. metabolic syndrome
4. insulin resistance - ✔✔Answer 2: hypertension (pages 32-34)
✔✔What are the primary factors that affect prognosis in hereditary hemochromatosis? -
✔✔Refer to pages 44-46.
✔✔Discuss the correlation between liver enzyme levels and liver histology in
nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). - ✔✔Refer to pages 32-34.
✔✔What are the major causes of cirrhosis? - ✔✔Refer to page 35.
,✔✔Prostate specific antigen (PSA) velocity greater than 0.75 ng/ml/per year is highly
suggestive
of:
1. malignancy
2. prostatitis
3. benign prostatic hypertrophy
4. proliferative inflammatory atrophy - ✔✔Answer 1: malignancy (page 75)
✔✔All of the following statements regarding cutaneous malignant melanoma are correct
EXCEPT:
1. It rarely occurs before puberty.
2. Diagnosis is confirmed by biopsy.
3. The immune system can cause regression.
4. Chemotherapy significantly increases survival. - ✔✔Answer 4: Chemotherapy
significantly increases survival (page 67)
✔✔Which of the following statements regarding breast cancer in males as compared to
females are correct?
A. It is often less advanced at the time of diagnosis.
B. It is less common in males.
C. Survival patterns by stage are similar.
Answer Options:
1. A and B only are correct.
2. A and C only are correct.
3. B and C only are correct.
4. A, B, and C are correct. - ✔✔Answer 3: B and C only are correct (page 100)
✔✔List the different types of treatment for prostate cancer and provide a short
description of each
treatment. - ✔✔Refer to pages 80-84.
✔✔Describe the different types of colon polyps and their associated risk for colon
cancer. - ✔✔Refer to page 106.
✔✔The most important prognostic indicator for invasive breast cancer mortality is:
1. distant metastasis
2. degree of local control
3. age at diagnosis
4. tumor size - ✔✔Answer 1: distant metastasis (page 96)
✔✔Unfavorable prognostic factors for colorectal cancer include which of the following?
A. elevated preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)
B. gross tumor perforation of the bowel wall
, C. well differentiated tumor
Answer Options:
1. A only is correct.
2. A and B only are correct.
3. A and C only are correct.
4. A, B, and C are correct. - ✔✔Answer 2: A and B only are correct (page 110)
✔✔List the most important prognostic indicator for mortality in malignant melanoma as
well as at
least 2 other prognostic factors. - ✔✔Refer to pages 63-64.
✔✔Describe the most important prognostic indicators in prostate cancer. - ✔✔Refer to
page 80.
✔✔Describe the two different types of breast in situ carcinomas and compare them with
the two most common types of invasive breast cancers. - ✔✔Refer to pages 92-93.
✔✔Which laboratory test is commonly elevated with a normal pregnancy?
1. globulin
2. glucose
3. alkaline phosphatase
4. serum creatinine - ✔✔Answer 3: alkaline phosphatase (page 140)
✔✔All the following statements regarding prostate specific antigen (PSA) are correct
EXCEPT:
1. Finasteride (Proscar®) may decrease serum PSA by 50%.
2. The normal range for PSA in a 40-year-old male is 0-5.0 ng/ml.
3. A normal PSA does not rule out prostate cancer.
4. Males with prostate cancer tend to have a lower percentage of free PSA than those
without
prostate cancer - ✔✔Answer 2: The normal range for PSA in a 40-year-old male is 0-5.0
ng/ml (pages 128-129)
✔✔Which of the following statements regarding testicular cancer is/are correct?
A. Treatment commonly consists of orchiectomy.
B. Seminomas are more difficult to treat than non-seminomas.
C. Individuals with metastasis seldom achieve remission
Answer Options:
1. A only is correct
2. A and C only are correct
3. B and C only are correct
4. A, B, and C are correct - ✔✔Answer 1: A only is correct (pages 130-131)
✔✔Name and differentiate between the liver function tests (LFTs) that are used as the
basis for screening the liver for underlying pathology. - ✔✔Refer to pages 26-30.
✔✔Define Wilson's disease and describe its treatment options and prognosis. -
✔✔Refer to pages 48-49.
✔✔Medical treatment for hepatitis C includes which of the following?
A. interferon alpha
B. methotrexate
C. ribavirin
Answer Options:
1. A and B only are correct.
2. A and C only are correct.
3. B and C only are correct.
4. A, B, and C are correct. - ✔✔Answer 2: A and C only are correct (pages 42-43)
✔✔Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NALFD) can be caused by all the following
EXCEPT:
1. obesity
2. hypertension
3. metabolic syndrome
4. insulin resistance - ✔✔Answer 2: hypertension (pages 32-34)
✔✔What are the primary factors that affect prognosis in hereditary hemochromatosis? -
✔✔Refer to pages 44-46.
✔✔Discuss the correlation between liver enzyme levels and liver histology in
nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). - ✔✔Refer to pages 32-34.
✔✔What are the major causes of cirrhosis? - ✔✔Refer to page 35.
,✔✔Prostate specific antigen (PSA) velocity greater than 0.75 ng/ml/per year is highly
suggestive
of:
1. malignancy
2. prostatitis
3. benign prostatic hypertrophy
4. proliferative inflammatory atrophy - ✔✔Answer 1: malignancy (page 75)
✔✔All of the following statements regarding cutaneous malignant melanoma are correct
EXCEPT:
1. It rarely occurs before puberty.
2. Diagnosis is confirmed by biopsy.
3. The immune system can cause regression.
4. Chemotherapy significantly increases survival. - ✔✔Answer 4: Chemotherapy
significantly increases survival (page 67)
✔✔Which of the following statements regarding breast cancer in males as compared to
females are correct?
A. It is often less advanced at the time of diagnosis.
B. It is less common in males.
C. Survival patterns by stage are similar.
Answer Options:
1. A and B only are correct.
2. A and C only are correct.
3. B and C only are correct.
4. A, B, and C are correct. - ✔✔Answer 3: B and C only are correct (page 100)
✔✔List the different types of treatment for prostate cancer and provide a short
description of each
treatment. - ✔✔Refer to pages 80-84.
✔✔Describe the different types of colon polyps and their associated risk for colon
cancer. - ✔✔Refer to page 106.
✔✔The most important prognostic indicator for invasive breast cancer mortality is:
1. distant metastasis
2. degree of local control
3. age at diagnosis
4. tumor size - ✔✔Answer 1: distant metastasis (page 96)
✔✔Unfavorable prognostic factors for colorectal cancer include which of the following?
A. elevated preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)
B. gross tumor perforation of the bowel wall
, C. well differentiated tumor
Answer Options:
1. A only is correct.
2. A and B only are correct.
3. A and C only are correct.
4. A, B, and C are correct. - ✔✔Answer 2: A and B only are correct (page 110)
✔✔List the most important prognostic indicator for mortality in malignant melanoma as
well as at
least 2 other prognostic factors. - ✔✔Refer to pages 63-64.
✔✔Describe the most important prognostic indicators in prostate cancer. - ✔✔Refer to
page 80.
✔✔Describe the two different types of breast in situ carcinomas and compare them with
the two most common types of invasive breast cancers. - ✔✔Refer to pages 92-93.
✔✔Which laboratory test is commonly elevated with a normal pregnancy?
1. globulin
2. glucose
3. alkaline phosphatase
4. serum creatinine - ✔✔Answer 3: alkaline phosphatase (page 140)
✔✔All the following statements regarding prostate specific antigen (PSA) are correct
EXCEPT:
1. Finasteride (Proscar®) may decrease serum PSA by 50%.
2. The normal range for PSA in a 40-year-old male is 0-5.0 ng/ml.
3. A normal PSA does not rule out prostate cancer.
4. Males with prostate cancer tend to have a lower percentage of free PSA than those
without
prostate cancer - ✔✔Answer 2: The normal range for PSA in a 40-year-old male is 0-5.0
ng/ml (pages 128-129)
✔✔Which of the following statements regarding testicular cancer is/are correct?
A. Treatment commonly consists of orchiectomy.
B. Seminomas are more difficult to treat than non-seminomas.
C. Individuals with metastasis seldom achieve remission
Answer Options:
1. A only is correct
2. A and C only are correct
3. B and C only are correct
4. A, B, and C are correct - ✔✔Answer 1: A only is correct (pages 130-131)
