Nurs 5315 Exam 5 2026/2027
Exam Questions and Answers |
Already Graded A+
What organs make up the upper GI tract? - ANSWER ✔✔Mouth/oral
cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, duodenum.
What organs make up the lower GI tract? - ANSWER ✔✔Small
intestines, large intestine, colon
What are the four basic actions of the GI system? - ANSWER
✔✔Digestion, absorption, motility, and secretion.
,What is a sphincter? - ANSWER ✔✔Muscle that aids in closing off
the different compartments and helps promote absorption of nutrients
and motility of food.
What sphincters are found in the GI tract? - ANSWER
✔✔Esophageal sphincter: separates esophageal and stomach.
Pyloric sphincter: separates the stomach and small intestine.
Ileocecal sphincter: separates small intestines and large intestines;
people with large intestine resections lose this valve and lose ability to
properly absorb nutrients and fluid.
Where does most digestion and absorption take place? - ANSWER
✔✔Small intestine
What enzymes are contained in saliva? - ANSWER ✔✔Amylase and
lysosome
What does gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP) do? - ANSWER
✔✔Stimulates the release of insulin from beta cells in the pancreas,
maintains blood sugar after eating.
What does glucagon -like peptide 1 (GLP1) do? - ANSWER
✔✔Stimulates pancreatic glucose-dependent insulin secretion.
,Explain the GI circulation anatomy and physiology.
(ARTERIAL) - ANSWER ✔✔Arterial blood supply:
Celiac artery supplies
Hepatic artery (Liver)
Stomach
Spleen
Pancreas
Superior mesenteric artery supplies
Pancreas
Small intestine
Colon
Inferior mesenteric artery supplies
Colon
Explain the GI circulation anatomy and physiology. (VENOUS) -
ANSWER ✔✔Blood flows thru gut to hepatic circulation via the
COPYRIGHT©PROFFKERRYMARTIN 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2026. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE.
PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, Hepatic Portal Vein to the liver to the hepatic veins to the inferior vena
cava
Liver:
Majority of blood from abdomen runts thru 3 veins (hepatic portal vein,
splenic vein, and mesenteric veins)
In addition to detoxing, the liver does what? - ANSWER ✔✔In
addition to detox: The liver absorbs non-fat, water soluble fluids and
nutrients (small intestines absorb fat molecules transported via central
lacteals (lymphatic capillaries) to the thoracic ducts to the left subclavian
veins, bypassing the liver.
Reticuloendothelial cells and hepatocytes absorb and store nutrients.
Intermediate chemical processing of nutrients occurs in liver.
Hepatic blood flow - ANSWER ✔✔Blood flows through the liver
sinusoids, where reticuloendothelial cells (Kupffer cells = macrophages)
remove toxins, bacteria, and metabolic waste products.
Villi blood flow - ANSWER ✔✔Arterial and venous blood vessels are
close to each other but with opposite directionality.
Exam Questions and Answers |
Already Graded A+
What organs make up the upper GI tract? - ANSWER ✔✔Mouth/oral
cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, duodenum.
What organs make up the lower GI tract? - ANSWER ✔✔Small
intestines, large intestine, colon
What are the four basic actions of the GI system? - ANSWER
✔✔Digestion, absorption, motility, and secretion.
,What is a sphincter? - ANSWER ✔✔Muscle that aids in closing off
the different compartments and helps promote absorption of nutrients
and motility of food.
What sphincters are found in the GI tract? - ANSWER
✔✔Esophageal sphincter: separates esophageal and stomach.
Pyloric sphincter: separates the stomach and small intestine.
Ileocecal sphincter: separates small intestines and large intestines;
people with large intestine resections lose this valve and lose ability to
properly absorb nutrients and fluid.
Where does most digestion and absorption take place? - ANSWER
✔✔Small intestine
What enzymes are contained in saliva? - ANSWER ✔✔Amylase and
lysosome
What does gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP) do? - ANSWER
✔✔Stimulates the release of insulin from beta cells in the pancreas,
maintains blood sugar after eating.
What does glucagon -like peptide 1 (GLP1) do? - ANSWER
✔✔Stimulates pancreatic glucose-dependent insulin secretion.
,Explain the GI circulation anatomy and physiology.
(ARTERIAL) - ANSWER ✔✔Arterial blood supply:
Celiac artery supplies
Hepatic artery (Liver)
Stomach
Spleen
Pancreas
Superior mesenteric artery supplies
Pancreas
Small intestine
Colon
Inferior mesenteric artery supplies
Colon
Explain the GI circulation anatomy and physiology. (VENOUS) -
ANSWER ✔✔Blood flows thru gut to hepatic circulation via the
COPYRIGHT©PROFFKERRYMARTIN 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2026. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE.
PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, Hepatic Portal Vein to the liver to the hepatic veins to the inferior vena
cava
Liver:
Majority of blood from abdomen runts thru 3 veins (hepatic portal vein,
splenic vein, and mesenteric veins)
In addition to detoxing, the liver does what? - ANSWER ✔✔In
addition to detox: The liver absorbs non-fat, water soluble fluids and
nutrients (small intestines absorb fat molecules transported via central
lacteals (lymphatic capillaries) to the thoracic ducts to the left subclavian
veins, bypassing the liver.
Reticuloendothelial cells and hepatocytes absorb and store nutrients.
Intermediate chemical processing of nutrients occurs in liver.
Hepatic blood flow - ANSWER ✔✔Blood flows through the liver
sinusoids, where reticuloendothelial cells (Kupffer cells = macrophages)
remove toxins, bacteria, and metabolic waste products.
Villi blood flow - ANSWER ✔✔Arterial and venous blood vessels are
close to each other but with opposite directionality.
