NSG 530 Practice Questions with Correct
Answers
GI tract
Continuous tube from mouth to anus lined with specialized epithelium.
Layers of GI tract
mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, serosa
Mucosa
Epithelial lining of the GI tract open to the external environment.
Submucosa
GI tract layer containing connective tissue, vessels, and glands.
Muscularis
GI tract layer composed of longitudinal and circular smooth muscle.
Stomach muscularis exception
Contains an extra oblique muscle layer.
Serosa
Outermost layer of the GI tract, which is part of the peritoneum.
Parietal Peritoneum vs. Visceral Peritoneum
Parietal lines the abdominal wall; visceral covers the abdominal organs.
peritoneal cavity
has serous fluid
, Mesentery
Peritoneal fold that suspends the intestines.
Retroperitoneal organs
Kidneys, ascending/descending colon, duodenum, and pancreas.
Mouth & Salivary Glands functions
Mechanical breakdown, salivary amylase, and lysozyme.
Pharynx
Common passage for food and air; swallowing coordinated by medulla and CN IX, X.
Esophagus muscle composition
Transitions from upper skeletal muscle to lower smooth muscle.
Lower esophageal sphincter
Sphincter that prevents reflux of stomach contents.
Stomach regions
Cardiac, fundus, body, and pylorus.
Stomach functions
Storage, mixing, limited protein digestion, and intrinsic factor production.
Rugae
Folds in the stomach that allow for expansion.
Pyloric sphincter
Sphincter regulating passage of food from the stomach to the duodenum.
Answers
GI tract
Continuous tube from mouth to anus lined with specialized epithelium.
Layers of GI tract
mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, serosa
Mucosa
Epithelial lining of the GI tract open to the external environment.
Submucosa
GI tract layer containing connective tissue, vessels, and glands.
Muscularis
GI tract layer composed of longitudinal and circular smooth muscle.
Stomach muscularis exception
Contains an extra oblique muscle layer.
Serosa
Outermost layer of the GI tract, which is part of the peritoneum.
Parietal Peritoneum vs. Visceral Peritoneum
Parietal lines the abdominal wall; visceral covers the abdominal organs.
peritoneal cavity
has serous fluid
, Mesentery
Peritoneal fold that suspends the intestines.
Retroperitoneal organs
Kidneys, ascending/descending colon, duodenum, and pancreas.
Mouth & Salivary Glands functions
Mechanical breakdown, salivary amylase, and lysozyme.
Pharynx
Common passage for food and air; swallowing coordinated by medulla and CN IX, X.
Esophagus muscle composition
Transitions from upper skeletal muscle to lower smooth muscle.
Lower esophageal sphincter
Sphincter that prevents reflux of stomach contents.
Stomach regions
Cardiac, fundus, body, and pylorus.
Stomach functions
Storage, mixing, limited protein digestion, and intrinsic factor production.
Rugae
Folds in the stomach that allow for expansion.
Pyloric sphincter
Sphincter regulating passage of food from the stomach to the duodenum.
