MLS 5201 EXAM 5 [UNIT 4, 5, 6] QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2026
Correct 198
Incorrect 00
1 of 198
Term
crab
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carbapenem resistant
vancomycin resistant e. epidermidis
acinetobacter baumannii
bacillus methicillin resistant s. aureus
Don't know?
2 of 198
Term
,describe how and when relapsing fever is diagnosed
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b/c of the distortions they cause in nucleic acids, nucleoside (and nucleotide)
analogs do not form proper base pairs with normal nucleotides. this increases the
number of mismatches in the transcription of RNA and replication of DNA
b/c of their relatively large size and abundance in the blood, observation of
spirochetes in blood smears taken during periods of recurring fever is the
primary method of diagnosis
- specific antibody tests against antigen of treponema pallidum pallidum
- spirochetes can be observed in fresh discharge from lesions but only when
microscopic observations of clinical samples are made immediately
in cattle, sheep, and goats -> humans = zoonotic disease
*spore former - can survive 20-30 years in soil -> animals pick it up while grazing
Don't know?
, 3 of 198
Definition
results when treponema crosses the placenta from an infected mother
to her fetus
- transmission to the fetus from a mother experiencing primary or
secondary syphilis often results in the death of the fetus
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antimicrobial agents cells use proteins for?
congenital syphilis purpose of cell wall
Don't know?
4 of 198
Definition
1. louse-borne relapsing fever results when B. recurrentis is transmitted
between humans by the human body louse Pediculus humanus
2. tick-borne relapsing fever occurs when any of several species of
borrelia are transmitted between humans by soft ticks in the genus
Ornithodoros
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, 7 mechanisms of resistance: nucleotide analogs or nucleoside
third analogs are most often used against?
two vectors that transmit
axial filaments (spirochetes)
relapsing fever
Don't know?
5 of 198
Term
various kinds of antimetabolic agents are available, including?
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1. change in 50S subunit (change in affinity): erythromycin and chloramphenicol
2. target enzymes: sulfonamide-resistance
3. rna polymerase: rifampin - m. tuberculosis
4. increase the production of target metabolite: folic acid production; sulfonamide,
trimethoprim
resistant cells may produce an enzyme that destroy or deactivates the drug. this
common mode of resistance is exemplified by beta-lactamases, which are enzymes
that break the beta-lactam rings of penicillin and similar molecules, rendering them
inactive. many MRSA strains have evolved resistance to penicillin-derived
antimicrobial sin this manner. over 200 different lactamases have been identified.
frequently their genes located on R plasmids
ANSWERS 2026
Correct 198
Incorrect 00
1 of 198
Term
crab
Give this one a try later!
carbapenem resistant
vancomycin resistant e. epidermidis
acinetobacter baumannii
bacillus methicillin resistant s. aureus
Don't know?
2 of 198
Term
,describe how and when relapsing fever is diagnosed
Give this one a try later!
b/c of the distortions they cause in nucleic acids, nucleoside (and nucleotide)
analogs do not form proper base pairs with normal nucleotides. this increases the
number of mismatches in the transcription of RNA and replication of DNA
b/c of their relatively large size and abundance in the blood, observation of
spirochetes in blood smears taken during periods of recurring fever is the
primary method of diagnosis
- specific antibody tests against antigen of treponema pallidum pallidum
- spirochetes can be observed in fresh discharge from lesions but only when
microscopic observations of clinical samples are made immediately
in cattle, sheep, and goats -> humans = zoonotic disease
*spore former - can survive 20-30 years in soil -> animals pick it up while grazing
Don't know?
, 3 of 198
Definition
results when treponema crosses the placenta from an infected mother
to her fetus
- transmission to the fetus from a mother experiencing primary or
secondary syphilis often results in the death of the fetus
Give this one a try later!
antimicrobial agents cells use proteins for?
congenital syphilis purpose of cell wall
Don't know?
4 of 198
Definition
1. louse-borne relapsing fever results when B. recurrentis is transmitted
between humans by the human body louse Pediculus humanus
2. tick-borne relapsing fever occurs when any of several species of
borrelia are transmitted between humans by soft ticks in the genus
Ornithodoros
Give this one a try later!
, 7 mechanisms of resistance: nucleotide analogs or nucleoside
third analogs are most often used against?
two vectors that transmit
axial filaments (spirochetes)
relapsing fever
Don't know?
5 of 198
Term
various kinds of antimetabolic agents are available, including?
Give this one a try later!
1. change in 50S subunit (change in affinity): erythromycin and chloramphenicol
2. target enzymes: sulfonamide-resistance
3. rna polymerase: rifampin - m. tuberculosis
4. increase the production of target metabolite: folic acid production; sulfonamide,
trimethoprim
resistant cells may produce an enzyme that destroy or deactivates the drug. this
common mode of resistance is exemplified by beta-lactamases, which are enzymes
that break the beta-lactam rings of penicillin and similar molecules, rendering them
inactive. many MRSA strains have evolved resistance to penicillin-derived
antimicrobial sin this manner. over 200 different lactamases have been identified.
frequently their genes located on R plasmids
