MULTICULTURAL COUNSELING EVALUATION
TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SET A+
✔✔cultural competence is superordinate to..... - ✔✔clinical competence
✔✔graying of the workforce - ✔✔dramatic increase in the elderly population attributed
to aging baby boomer generation, declining fertility rates, and increased longevity
✔✔feminization of the workforce - ✔✔more women, single and married, are playing a
larger and more significant role in society
✔✔changing complexion of the workforce or diversification of the United States -
✔✔rapid increase in racial/ethnic minorities due to immigration rates and differential
birth rates
✔✔ethnocentric bias - ✔✔some professionals believe that minorities are inherently
pathological and that therapy involves a simple modification of traditional White models
✔✔etic - ✔✔universal application of concepts and goals
✔✔emic - ✔✔culture-specific views of concepts and goals
✔✔cultural encapsulation Wrenn 1962 - ✔✔substitution of modal stereotypes for the
real world, disregarding cultural variations in a dogmatic adherence to some universal
notion of truth, and use of technique-oriented definition of counseling process
✔✔abormality - ✔✔behaviors that occur less frequently - does not take into account
differences in time, community standards, or cultural values
✔✔Black Rage - ✔✔in order to survive in a White racist society have developed a highly
functional survival mechanism to protect them against possible physical and
psychological harm
,✔✔"white social silence" - ✔✔reinforces a negative view of African Americans among
the public by focusing on unstable Black families only
✔✔intrinsic factors that explain problems encountered by minorities - ✔✔racial inferiority
and incompatible value systems instead of failure of society
✔✔scientific racism - ✔✔historical use of science in the investigation of racial
differences seems to be linked with White supremacist notions
✔✔genetically deficient model - ✔✔portrayal of people of color in literature has
generally taken the form of portraying them as deficient in certain undesirable attributes
✔✔culturally deficient model - ✔✔social scientists placed heavy reliance on
environmental factors that portrayed them as culturally disadvantaged, deficient, or
deprived instead of a biological condition that caused differences
✔✔cultural deprivation - ✔✔used to indicate that many groups perform poorly on tests
or exhibit deviant characteristics because they lack many of the advantages of middle
class culture
✔✔culturally deprived - ✔✔lacking a cultural background
✔✔culturally diverse model - ✔✔person blame focus, emphasis on minority pathology,
and a use of White middle class definitions of desirable and undesirable behavior
✔✔culturally diverse - ✔✔recognize the legitimacy of alternative lifestyles, the value of
differences, advantages of being bicultural
✔✔bicultural - ✔✔capable of functioning in two different cultural environments
✔✔Tuskegee experiment - ✔✔experiment carried out from 1932 to 1972 by US public
health service in which over 600 Alabama Black men were used as guinea pigs to
determine what would happen to the body if syphilus were left untreated
✔✔unintentional racism - ✔✔unaware of the harmful consequences of their behavior
✔✔ethnocentric monoculturalism - ✔✔values, assumptions, and beliefs of a society are
structured in such a way as to serve only one narrom segment of the population;
cultural encapsulation plus cultural racism
✔✔five components of ethnocentric monoculturalism - ✔✔belief in superiority of others,
belief in inferiority of others, power to impose standards, manifestation in institutions,
and the invisible veil
, ✔✔white privilege - ✔✔invisible knapsack of unearned assets that can be used to cash
in each day for advantages not given to those that do not fit this mold
✔✔institutional racism - ✔✔set of policies, priorities and accepted normative patterns
designed to subjugate, oppress, and force dependence of individuals and groups on a
larger society by sanctioning unequal goals, unequal status, and unequal access to
goods and services
✔✔invisible veil - ✔✔what people's values and beliefs or worldviews represent that
operates outside the level of conscious awareness
✔✔cultural assimilation - ✔✔expectation by the people in power that all immigrants and
people outside the dominant group will give up their ethnic and cultural values and will
adopt the values and norms of the dominant society
✔✔mild dissociation - ✔✔African Americans may separate their true selves from their
roles as "Negroes" - true self is revealed to fellow Blacks, while the dissociated self is
revealed to meet the expectations of prejudiced Whites
✔✔playing it cool - ✔✔intended to prevent Whites from knowing what the minority
person is thinking or feeling and to express feelings and behaviors in such a way as to
prevent offending or threatening Whites
✔✔Uncle Tom Syndrome - ✔✔used by minorities to appear docile, nonassertive, and
happy golucky to prevent oppression from the white population
✔✔inter-personal influence process - ✔✔counselor uses social power to influence the
client's attitudes and behaviors - therapist's effectiveness tends to depend on the client's
perception of his or her expertness, trustworthiness, and attractiveness
✔✔problem solving set - ✔✔client is concerned about obtaining correct information that
has adaptive value in the real world
✔✔consistency set - ✔✔people who change an opinion, belief, or behavior in such a
way as to make it consistent with other opinions, beliefs, or behaviors - due this to
reduce the dissonance
✔✔economic state - ✔✔person is influenced because of the perceived rewards and
punishments that the source is able to deliver - person performs a behavior or states a
belief in order to gain rewards and avoid punishments
✔✔authority set - ✔✔some individuals are thought to have a particular position that
gives them a legitimate right to prescribe attitudes or behaviors
TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SET A+
✔✔cultural competence is superordinate to..... - ✔✔clinical competence
✔✔graying of the workforce - ✔✔dramatic increase in the elderly population attributed
to aging baby boomer generation, declining fertility rates, and increased longevity
✔✔feminization of the workforce - ✔✔more women, single and married, are playing a
larger and more significant role in society
✔✔changing complexion of the workforce or diversification of the United States -
✔✔rapid increase in racial/ethnic minorities due to immigration rates and differential
birth rates
✔✔ethnocentric bias - ✔✔some professionals believe that minorities are inherently
pathological and that therapy involves a simple modification of traditional White models
✔✔etic - ✔✔universal application of concepts and goals
✔✔emic - ✔✔culture-specific views of concepts and goals
✔✔cultural encapsulation Wrenn 1962 - ✔✔substitution of modal stereotypes for the
real world, disregarding cultural variations in a dogmatic adherence to some universal
notion of truth, and use of technique-oriented definition of counseling process
✔✔abormality - ✔✔behaviors that occur less frequently - does not take into account
differences in time, community standards, or cultural values
✔✔Black Rage - ✔✔in order to survive in a White racist society have developed a highly
functional survival mechanism to protect them against possible physical and
psychological harm
,✔✔"white social silence" - ✔✔reinforces a negative view of African Americans among
the public by focusing on unstable Black families only
✔✔intrinsic factors that explain problems encountered by minorities - ✔✔racial inferiority
and incompatible value systems instead of failure of society
✔✔scientific racism - ✔✔historical use of science in the investigation of racial
differences seems to be linked with White supremacist notions
✔✔genetically deficient model - ✔✔portrayal of people of color in literature has
generally taken the form of portraying them as deficient in certain undesirable attributes
✔✔culturally deficient model - ✔✔social scientists placed heavy reliance on
environmental factors that portrayed them as culturally disadvantaged, deficient, or
deprived instead of a biological condition that caused differences
✔✔cultural deprivation - ✔✔used to indicate that many groups perform poorly on tests
or exhibit deviant characteristics because they lack many of the advantages of middle
class culture
✔✔culturally deprived - ✔✔lacking a cultural background
✔✔culturally diverse model - ✔✔person blame focus, emphasis on minority pathology,
and a use of White middle class definitions of desirable and undesirable behavior
✔✔culturally diverse - ✔✔recognize the legitimacy of alternative lifestyles, the value of
differences, advantages of being bicultural
✔✔bicultural - ✔✔capable of functioning in two different cultural environments
✔✔Tuskegee experiment - ✔✔experiment carried out from 1932 to 1972 by US public
health service in which over 600 Alabama Black men were used as guinea pigs to
determine what would happen to the body if syphilus were left untreated
✔✔unintentional racism - ✔✔unaware of the harmful consequences of their behavior
✔✔ethnocentric monoculturalism - ✔✔values, assumptions, and beliefs of a society are
structured in such a way as to serve only one narrom segment of the population;
cultural encapsulation plus cultural racism
✔✔five components of ethnocentric monoculturalism - ✔✔belief in superiority of others,
belief in inferiority of others, power to impose standards, manifestation in institutions,
and the invisible veil
, ✔✔white privilege - ✔✔invisible knapsack of unearned assets that can be used to cash
in each day for advantages not given to those that do not fit this mold
✔✔institutional racism - ✔✔set of policies, priorities and accepted normative patterns
designed to subjugate, oppress, and force dependence of individuals and groups on a
larger society by sanctioning unequal goals, unequal status, and unequal access to
goods and services
✔✔invisible veil - ✔✔what people's values and beliefs or worldviews represent that
operates outside the level of conscious awareness
✔✔cultural assimilation - ✔✔expectation by the people in power that all immigrants and
people outside the dominant group will give up their ethnic and cultural values and will
adopt the values and norms of the dominant society
✔✔mild dissociation - ✔✔African Americans may separate their true selves from their
roles as "Negroes" - true self is revealed to fellow Blacks, while the dissociated self is
revealed to meet the expectations of prejudiced Whites
✔✔playing it cool - ✔✔intended to prevent Whites from knowing what the minority
person is thinking or feeling and to express feelings and behaviors in such a way as to
prevent offending or threatening Whites
✔✔Uncle Tom Syndrome - ✔✔used by minorities to appear docile, nonassertive, and
happy golucky to prevent oppression from the white population
✔✔inter-personal influence process - ✔✔counselor uses social power to influence the
client's attitudes and behaviors - therapist's effectiveness tends to depend on the client's
perception of his or her expertness, trustworthiness, and attractiveness
✔✔problem solving set - ✔✔client is concerned about obtaining correct information that
has adaptive value in the real world
✔✔consistency set - ✔✔people who change an opinion, belief, or behavior in such a
way as to make it consistent with other opinions, beliefs, or behaviors - due this to
reduce the dissonance
✔✔economic state - ✔✔person is influenced because of the perceived rewards and
punishments that the source is able to deliver - person performs a behavior or states a
belief in order to gain rewards and avoid punishments
✔✔authority set - ✔✔some individuals are thought to have a particular position that
gives them a legitimate right to prescribe attitudes or behaviors
