BIOS 256 Chapter 24 Digestive System questions and answers
A+ Grade
digestive system
- correct answer consists of a group of organs that break down the food we eat into smaller molecules
that can be used by body cells
organs that compose digestive system
- correct answer the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and the accessory digestive organs
gastrointestinal tract
- correct answer or alimentary canal, is a continuous tube that extends from the mouth to the anus
through the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities; include the mouth, most of the pharynx, esophagus,
stomach, small intestine, and large intestine
length of GI tract
- correct answer about 5-7 meters (16.5-23 ft) in a living person when the muscles along the wall of the
GI tract organs are in a state of tonus (sustained contraction). It is longer in a cadaver (about 7-9 meters
or 23-29.5 ft) because of the loss of muscle tone after death
accessory digestive organs
- correct answer include the teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas
functions of digestive system
- correct answer -ingestion
-secretion
-mixing/propulsion
-digestion
-absorption
-defecation
, ingestion
- correct answer this process involves taking foods and liquids into the mouth (eating)
motility
- correct answer alternating contractions and relaxations of smooth muscle in the walls of the GI tract
mix food and secretions and move them toward the anus. This capability of the GI tract to mix and move
material along its length
secretion
- correct answer cells within the walls of the GI tract and accessory digestive organs secrete a total of
about 7 liters of water, acid, buffers, and enzymes into the lumen (interior space) of the tract
digestion
- correct answer is the process of breaking down ingested food into small molecules that can be used by
body cells
mechanical digestion
- correct answer the teeth cut and grind food before it is swallowed, and then smooth muscles of the
stomach and small intestine churn the food to further assist the process. As a result, food molecules
become dissolved and thoroughly mixed with digestive enzymes
chemical digestion
- correct answer the large carbohydrate, lipid, protein, and nucleic acid molecules in food are split into
smaller molecules by hydrolysis. Digestive enzymes produced by the salivary glands, tongue, stomach,
pancreas, and small intestine catalyze these catabolic reactions
absorption
- correct answer the movement of the products of digestion from the lumen of the GI tract into blood or
lymph; these substances circulate to cells throughout the body. A few substances in food can be
absorbed without undergoing digestion. These include vitamins, ions, cholesterol, and water
defecation
- correct answer tastes, indigestible substances, bacteria, cells sloughed from the lining of the GI tract,
and digested materials that were not absorbed in their journey through the digestive tract leave the
body through the anus
A+ Grade
digestive system
- correct answer consists of a group of organs that break down the food we eat into smaller molecules
that can be used by body cells
organs that compose digestive system
- correct answer the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and the accessory digestive organs
gastrointestinal tract
- correct answer or alimentary canal, is a continuous tube that extends from the mouth to the anus
through the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities; include the mouth, most of the pharynx, esophagus,
stomach, small intestine, and large intestine
length of GI tract
- correct answer about 5-7 meters (16.5-23 ft) in a living person when the muscles along the wall of the
GI tract organs are in a state of tonus (sustained contraction). It is longer in a cadaver (about 7-9 meters
or 23-29.5 ft) because of the loss of muscle tone after death
accessory digestive organs
- correct answer include the teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas
functions of digestive system
- correct answer -ingestion
-secretion
-mixing/propulsion
-digestion
-absorption
-defecation
, ingestion
- correct answer this process involves taking foods and liquids into the mouth (eating)
motility
- correct answer alternating contractions and relaxations of smooth muscle in the walls of the GI tract
mix food and secretions and move them toward the anus. This capability of the GI tract to mix and move
material along its length
secretion
- correct answer cells within the walls of the GI tract and accessory digestive organs secrete a total of
about 7 liters of water, acid, buffers, and enzymes into the lumen (interior space) of the tract
digestion
- correct answer is the process of breaking down ingested food into small molecules that can be used by
body cells
mechanical digestion
- correct answer the teeth cut and grind food before it is swallowed, and then smooth muscles of the
stomach and small intestine churn the food to further assist the process. As a result, food molecules
become dissolved and thoroughly mixed with digestive enzymes
chemical digestion
- correct answer the large carbohydrate, lipid, protein, and nucleic acid molecules in food are split into
smaller molecules by hydrolysis. Digestive enzymes produced by the salivary glands, tongue, stomach,
pancreas, and small intestine catalyze these catabolic reactions
absorption
- correct answer the movement of the products of digestion from the lumen of the GI tract into blood or
lymph; these substances circulate to cells throughout the body. A few substances in food can be
absorbed without undergoing digestion. These include vitamins, ions, cholesterol, and water
defecation
- correct answer tastes, indigestible substances, bacteria, cells sloughed from the lining of the GI tract,
and digested materials that were not absorbed in their journey through the digestive tract leave the
body through the anus
