Barney Fletcher Real Estate Final Exam 2026/2027 | All
Questions with 100% Correct Verified Answers | Latest
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SECTION 1: PROPERTY OWNERSHIP & LAND USE
Q1. A person who owns a fee simple estate has which of the following?
A) The right to use the property for their lifetime only
B) The maximum possible estate in land, including the right to sell, lease, or
bequeath the property
C) Only the right to lease the property
D) An estate that automatically terminates upon death
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fee simple absolute is the highest and most complete form of property
ownership. The owner possesses the full "bundle of rights," which includes the
right to possess, use, exclude others, transfer, lease, mortgage, and bequeath the
property. The estate is of indefinite duration and does not terminate upon death .
Q2. The government's power to take private property for public use, with
payment of just compensation, is called:
A) Escheat
B) Police power
C) Eminent domain
D) Taxation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Eminent domain is the inherent power of the government to take
private property for public use, provided just compensation is paid to the owner.
The Fifth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution requires this "just compensation."
Condemnation is the legal process by which eminent domain is exercised .
Q3. Which type of property ownership allows for the right of survivorship?
A) Tenancy in common
B) Joint tenancy
C) Tenancy by the entirety
D) Community property
Correct Answer: B
,Rationale: Joint tenancy includes the right of survivorship, meaning that when
one owner dies, their interest automatically passes to the surviving co-owners.
This differs from tenancy in common, where each owner's share can be inherited
by heirs. Joint tenancy requires four unities: time, title, interest, and possession .
Q4. Which of the following is NOT an example of a lien against real property?
A) Mortgage
B) Property tax assessment
C) Easement
D) Mechanic's lien
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An easement is a right to use someone else's property, not a claim for
payment of a debt. Mortgages, property tax assessments, and mechanic's liens
are all examples of liens—claims against property to secure payment of a debt .
Q5. A property owner who has an easement over a neighbor's land is called the:
A) Servient tenement
B) Dominant tenement
C) Grantor
D) Grantee
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The dominant tenement is the property that benefits from the
easement (the property that has the right to use the neighbor's land). The
servient tenement is the property that is burdened by the easement (the property
over which the easement runs) .
Q6. A property owner sells their property but reserves the right to use the
driveway for access to a neighboring property. This is an example of:
A) An easement appurtenant
B) An easement in gross
C) A license
D) An encroachment
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An easement appurtenant is an easement that benefits a dominant
tenement (a specific parcel of land) and "runs with the land." The right to use the
,driveway is attached to the benefited property and transfers with the property
when sold .
Q7. Surface rights consist of only the right to control, occupy, and use the
surface area of a parcel of real estate. True or False?
A) True
B) False
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Surface rights are part of the bundle of rights, but they are not the only
rights. Property ownership includes subsurface rights (minerals) and air rights as
well .
Q8. Mineral rights are:
A) Always considered to be personal property
B) Always pass with the land
C) Cannot be sold separately from the land
D) Pass with the land, unless otherwise specified in the deed
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Mineral rights are part of the real property bundle of rights. They
automatically transfer with the land unless the owner has severed them through a
separate conveyance. Mineral rights can be sold or leased separately from the
surface rights .
Q9. Which of the following is NOT an improvement of land?
A) Building
B) Sidewalk
C) Corn crop
D) Flower bed
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Improvements are man-made additions to land. A corn crop is
considered emblements (fructus industriales), which are annual crops produced
by labor. While growing crops may be considered personal property, permanent
plantings (flower beds, shrubs) are improvements .
Q10. Six months after Brady bought his home, he installed custom made storm
windows and doors throughout the house. Later, when he sells his property, will
these storm windows and doors automatically convey with the house?
, A) Yes, unless in advance of the sale, Brady clearly specifies that they will be
removed.
B) Yes, if he lived in the property at least a year before the sale.
C) No, because they were not part of the original structure.
D) No, because they can be removed if taken off carefully.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Storm windows and doors that are installed become fixtures and are
considered real property. They automatically convey with the property unless the
seller specifically excludes them in the sales contract. The manner of attachment
and intent determine fixture status .
Q11. Each of the following is a test of whether or not something is a fixture
EXCEPT:
A) Method of attachment
B) Adaptability
C) Cost
D) Relationship of the parties
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The cost of an item is not a determining factor in whether it is a fixture.
The tests are: method of attachment, adaptability/adaptation of the item to the
property, agreement between the parties, and the intention of the person
attaching it .
Q12. Zorba leases a restaurant. He installs ovens, booths and counters. Which of
the following is true?
A) The ovens, booths, and counters are fixtures that belong to the owner and
cannot be removed.
B) They are trade fixtures and can be removed by Zorba at any time prior to or
after expiration of the lease.
C) They are trade fixtures and can be removed only prior to the expiration of
Zorba's lease.
D) Zorba is not responsible for any damage caused by removal.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Trade fixtures are installed by a tenant for business purposes and
remain personal property. They may be removed before lease expiration. The
tenant is responsible for repairing any damage caused by removal .
Questions with 100% Correct Verified Answers | Latest
Updated Version | Already Graded A+
SECTION 1: PROPERTY OWNERSHIP & LAND USE
Q1. A person who owns a fee simple estate has which of the following?
A) The right to use the property for their lifetime only
B) The maximum possible estate in land, including the right to sell, lease, or
bequeath the property
C) Only the right to lease the property
D) An estate that automatically terminates upon death
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fee simple absolute is the highest and most complete form of property
ownership. The owner possesses the full "bundle of rights," which includes the
right to possess, use, exclude others, transfer, lease, mortgage, and bequeath the
property. The estate is of indefinite duration and does not terminate upon death .
Q2. The government's power to take private property for public use, with
payment of just compensation, is called:
A) Escheat
B) Police power
C) Eminent domain
D) Taxation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Eminent domain is the inherent power of the government to take
private property for public use, provided just compensation is paid to the owner.
The Fifth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution requires this "just compensation."
Condemnation is the legal process by which eminent domain is exercised .
Q3. Which type of property ownership allows for the right of survivorship?
A) Tenancy in common
B) Joint tenancy
C) Tenancy by the entirety
D) Community property
Correct Answer: B
,Rationale: Joint tenancy includes the right of survivorship, meaning that when
one owner dies, their interest automatically passes to the surviving co-owners.
This differs from tenancy in common, where each owner's share can be inherited
by heirs. Joint tenancy requires four unities: time, title, interest, and possession .
Q4. Which of the following is NOT an example of a lien against real property?
A) Mortgage
B) Property tax assessment
C) Easement
D) Mechanic's lien
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An easement is a right to use someone else's property, not a claim for
payment of a debt. Mortgages, property tax assessments, and mechanic's liens
are all examples of liens—claims against property to secure payment of a debt .
Q5. A property owner who has an easement over a neighbor's land is called the:
A) Servient tenement
B) Dominant tenement
C) Grantor
D) Grantee
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The dominant tenement is the property that benefits from the
easement (the property that has the right to use the neighbor's land). The
servient tenement is the property that is burdened by the easement (the property
over which the easement runs) .
Q6. A property owner sells their property but reserves the right to use the
driveway for access to a neighboring property. This is an example of:
A) An easement appurtenant
B) An easement in gross
C) A license
D) An encroachment
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An easement appurtenant is an easement that benefits a dominant
tenement (a specific parcel of land) and "runs with the land." The right to use the
,driveway is attached to the benefited property and transfers with the property
when sold .
Q7. Surface rights consist of only the right to control, occupy, and use the
surface area of a parcel of real estate. True or False?
A) True
B) False
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Surface rights are part of the bundle of rights, but they are not the only
rights. Property ownership includes subsurface rights (minerals) and air rights as
well .
Q8. Mineral rights are:
A) Always considered to be personal property
B) Always pass with the land
C) Cannot be sold separately from the land
D) Pass with the land, unless otherwise specified in the deed
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Mineral rights are part of the real property bundle of rights. They
automatically transfer with the land unless the owner has severed them through a
separate conveyance. Mineral rights can be sold or leased separately from the
surface rights .
Q9. Which of the following is NOT an improvement of land?
A) Building
B) Sidewalk
C) Corn crop
D) Flower bed
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Improvements are man-made additions to land. A corn crop is
considered emblements (fructus industriales), which are annual crops produced
by labor. While growing crops may be considered personal property, permanent
plantings (flower beds, shrubs) are improvements .
Q10. Six months after Brady bought his home, he installed custom made storm
windows and doors throughout the house. Later, when he sells his property, will
these storm windows and doors automatically convey with the house?
, A) Yes, unless in advance of the sale, Brady clearly specifies that they will be
removed.
B) Yes, if he lived in the property at least a year before the sale.
C) No, because they were not part of the original structure.
D) No, because they can be removed if taken off carefully.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Storm windows and doors that are installed become fixtures and are
considered real property. They automatically convey with the property unless the
seller specifically excludes them in the sales contract. The manner of attachment
and intent determine fixture status .
Q11. Each of the following is a test of whether or not something is a fixture
EXCEPT:
A) Method of attachment
B) Adaptability
C) Cost
D) Relationship of the parties
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The cost of an item is not a determining factor in whether it is a fixture.
The tests are: method of attachment, adaptability/adaptation of the item to the
property, agreement between the parties, and the intention of the person
attaching it .
Q12. Zorba leases a restaurant. He installs ovens, booths and counters. Which of
the following is true?
A) The ovens, booths, and counters are fixtures that belong to the owner and
cannot be removed.
B) They are trade fixtures and can be removed by Zorba at any time prior to or
after expiration of the lease.
C) They are trade fixtures and can be removed only prior to the expiration of
Zorba's lease.
D) Zorba is not responsible for any damage caused by removal.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Trade fixtures are installed by a tenant for business purposes and
remain personal property. They may be removed before lease expiration. The
tenant is responsible for repairing any damage caused by removal .
