TEST BANK Foundations of Mental Health Care (8TH ED) by Michelle Morrison-Valfre| Complete Guide Chapter 1-33

Test Bank
Foundations of Mental Health Care
8th Edition by Morrison-Valfre

,Chapter 01: The History of Mental Health Care
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MULTIPLE CHOICE nc




1. The belief of the ancient Greek philosopher Plato that the rational s
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oul controlled the irrational soulcould be compared with the belief of
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the more recent psychological theorist:
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a. Freud.
b. Pinel.
c. Fisher.
d. Rush.

ANS: A nc


Sigmund Freud believed that mental illness was, in part, caused by forces both within and outside th
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e personality. Philippe Pinel advocated acceptance of mentally ill individuals as human beings in nee
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d of medical assistance. Alice Fisher was a Florence Nightingale nurse who cared for the mentally il
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l, and Dr. Benjamin Rush was the author of the book Diseases of the Mind.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension nc nc OBJ: 2 n c


TOP: Early Years of Mental Health
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KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment nc nc nc nc


nc MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
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2. During the mid- nc nc


1500s, behaviors associated with mental illness were more accurately recorded by professionals.
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This practice led to
nc _ for different abnormal behaviors.
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a. classifications
b. diagnosing
c. treatment
d. education

ANS: A nc


Classification of abnormal behaviors did not begin until this time, after the practice of more accurate
nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc


recording of behaviors was begun. Diagnoses, treatment guidelines, and any education regarding me
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ntal health disorders were not available during this period.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge nc nc


OBJ: 3 TOP: Mental Illness During the R
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enaissance
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
n c nc nc nc nc nc nc nc

,3. During the latter part of the 18th century, psychiatry became a separate branch of medicine, an
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d inhumane treatment was greatly diminished by the French hospital director:
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a. Dix.
b. Beers.
c. Pinel.
d. Carter.

ANS: C nc


Philippe Pinel advocated acceptance of the mentally ill, as well as proper treatment. Dorothea Dix cr
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usaded for construction of mental health hospitals. Clifford Beers wrote the book A Mind That Fou
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nd Itself. President Jimmy Carter established the President’s Commission on Mental Health in 1978.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge OBJ: 4 nc nc n c


TOP: Mental Illness in the 18th Century
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KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment nc nc nc nc


MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
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4. In 1841, nc


surveyed asylums, jails, and almshouses throughout the United States, nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc


Canada, and Scotland and is credited with bringing about public awareness and reform for the care
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of the mentally ill.
nc nc nc


a. Sigmund Freud nc


b. John Cade nc


c. Florence Nightingale nc


d. Dorothea Dix nc




ANS: D nc


Dorothea Dix spent 20 years surveying facilities that housed mentally ill individuals and is credited
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with major changes in the care of the mentally ill. Sigmund Freud introduced the concept of psych
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oanalysis, John Cade discovered lithium carbonate for the treatment of bipolar disorder, and Floren
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ce Nightingale trained nurses in England in the 1800s.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge OBJ: 4 nc nc n c


TOP: Mental Illness in the 19th Century
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KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment nc nc nc nc


MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
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5. As a direct result of Clifford Beers’ work and book, A Mind That Found Itself, the Committee f
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or Mental Hygiene was formed in 1909 with a focus on prevention of mental illness and:
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a. early detection of symptoms of mental illness.
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b. education of caregivers. nc nc


c. current treatment options. nc nc


d. removing the stigma attached to mental illness nc nc nc nc nc nc


.
ANS: D nc


Clifford Beers’ book reflected on his attempt at suicide followed by the deplorable care he received fo
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r the next 3 years in mental hospitals. Beers’ work and book raised the consciousness of people thro
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ughout the country regarding prevention and removal of the stigma of having a mental illness.
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Early detection of symptoms, education of caregivers, and current treatment options regarding mental ill
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ness were not the focus of his book, nor were they a priority for the Committee for Mental Hygiene.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge nc nc OBJ: 4 n c

, TOP: Mental ncnc Illness ncnc in ncnc the ncnc 20th Century ncnc


KEY: Nursing Process Step: Asse n c n c n c n c


ss ment nc n c MSC: Client n c Needs: n c Psychosocial Integrity n c




6. During the 1930s, what common treatment for schizophrenia caused clients to
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c fall into a coma that could last as long as 50 hours?
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a. Electroconvulsive therap n c


y nc


b. Insulin therapy n c


c. Humoral therapy n c


d. Amphetamine therapy n c




ANS: n c n c B
Insulin therapy was believed to successfully treat schizophrenia in the early 1900s.
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n Amph etamines were used to treat depression, and electroconvulsive therapy was
c n c n c n c n c n c n c n c n c n c n c n


c used for severe depression. Humoral therapy, which originated in ancient Greece a
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nd Rome, was a belief that mental illness resulted from an imbalance of the
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humors of air, fire, water, and e n c n c n c n c n c n c n c


arth.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge n c n c


OBJ: 5 TOP: n c n c


Influences of War n c n c n


con Mental Health Therapies
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KEY: Nursing Process Step: AssessmentMSC: n c n c n c Client n c Needs: n c Psychosocial n c Integrity

7. In the 1930s, what mental health disorder was electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
n c n c n c n c n c n c n c n c n c n c


n most o ften used to treat?
c n c nc n c n c n c


a. Schizophrenia
b. Bipolar disorder n c


c. Severe depressio n c n


n c


d. Violent behavio n c


r
ANS: n c n c C
ECT was n c n c found to be an effective treatment for severe depression in the 1930
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s. During
n c n c this period, schizophrenia was treated with insulin therapy, and violent
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n cbehavior n c was treate d with a lobotomy. In 1949, lithium carbonate was discov
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ered as a n c n c n ctreatment for bipolar disorder. n c n c n c




DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge n c n c


OBJ: 5 TOP: n c n c


Influences of War n c n c n


con Mental Health Therapies
nc n c n c


KEY: Nursing Process Step: AssessmentMSC: n c n c n c Client n c Needs: n c Psychosocial n c Integrity

8. In the early 20th century, a frontal lobotomy was a common treatment for v
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iolent beh aviors. Which description of this procedure is accurate?
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a. A procedure that deliver an electrical stimulus to the frontal lobe
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s the brain. nc s of n c n c


b. A surgical procedure th drills holes in the front of the skull t
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at o drai n c

n fluid. n c


c. A surgical procedure th severs the frontal lobes of the brain fr
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at om t n c



he thalamus. n c