Chapter 15-20 "aDpIe" eXaM WIth COrreCt aCtUaL
QUeStIONS aND COrreCtLY WeLL DeFINeD aNSWerS LateSt
aLreaDY GraDeD a+
A nurse enters a patient's room at the beginning of a shift to assess his condition
following a blood transfusion. The nurse cared for the patient on the previous day
as well. The patient has several issues he wishes to share with the nurse, who
takes time to explore each issue. The nurse also assesses the patient and finds
no signs or symptoms of a reaction to the blood product. The nurse observed the
patient the prior day and sees a change in his behavior—a reluctance to get out
of bed and ambulate. Which of the following actions improve the nurse's ability to
make clinical decisions about this patient? (Select all that apply.)
1. Working the same shift each day
2. Spending time during the patient assessment
3. Knowing the early mobility protocol guidelines
4. Caring for the patient on consecutive days
5. Knowing the pattern of patient behavior about ambulation
Answer: 2, 4, 5. Clinical decision making is enhanced by spending enough time
during patient assessments and knowing a patient’s typical behaviors (which is
reinforced when a nurse is assigned to a patient on consecutive days). Working
the same shift does not mean the nurse will care for the same patient. Knowledge
about the mobility protocol is helpful, but clinical decisions center on the needs
of an individual patient (e.g., whether a patient meets the criteria for a mobility
protocol and how well the patient has advanced so far).
Match the concepts for a critical thinker on the left with the application of the
term on the right,
Concepts for Critical Thinkers
,___ 1. Truth seeking
___ 2. Open-mindedness
___ 3. Analyticity
___ 4. Systematicity
Term Application
a. Anticipate how a patient might respond to a treatment.
b. Organize assessment on the basis of patient priorities.
c. Be objective in asking patient questions.
d. Be tolerant of the patient’s views and beliefs.
Answer: 1c, 2d, 3a, 4b.
A nurse has seen many cancer patients struggle with pain management because
they are afraid of becoming addicted to the medicine. Pain control is a priority for
cancer care. By helping patients focus on their values and beliefs about pain
control, a nurse can best make clinical decisions. This is an example of:
1. Creativity
2. Fairness
,3. Clinical reasoning
4. Applying ethical criteria
Answer: 4. Incorporating a patient’s beliefs and values promotes
patient autonomy and nurse advocacy, key ethical principles in
clinical decision making.
The REFLECT model can improve learning after providing patient care. Place the
steps of this model in the correct order:
1. Think about your thoughts and actions at the time of a situation.
2. Review the knowledge you gained from the experience.
3. Review the facts of the situation.
4. Set a schedule for completing your plan of action.
5. Consider options for handling a similar situation in the future.
6. Recall any feelings you had at the time of the situation.
7. Create a plan for future situations.
Answer: 3, 1, 6, 2, 5, 7, 4. This is the correct order of steps in the
REFLECT model.
One element of clinical decision making is knowing the patient. Which of the
following activities affect a nurse's ability to know patients better? (Select all that
apply.)
, 1. Caring for similar groups of patients over time
2. Reading the evidence-based practices appropriate to patients
3. Learning how patients typically respond to their clinical situations
4. Observing patients
5. Engaging with patients experiencing illness
Answer: 1, 3, 4, 5. Knowing the patient includes a nurse’s under- standing of a
specific patient and the patient’s subsequent selection of interventions. Knowing
the patient relates to a nurse’s experi- ence with caring for patients, time spent in
a specific clinical area, and having a sense of closeness with patients. Reading
evidence- based practices builds your knowledge about nursing science but does
not provide the knowledge needed through engaging with and observing
patients.
A nurse is preparing medications for a patient. The nurse checks the name of the
medication on the label with the name of the medication on the health care
provider's order. At the bedside, the nurse checks the patient's name against the
medication order as well. The nurse is following which critical thinking attitude?
1. Responsibility
2. Humility
3. Accuracy
4. Fairness
Answer: 1. Responsibility involves performing procedures correctly by following
standards of care. Accuracy, broadness, and fairness are intellectual standards.
Humility is the recognition of when you need more information to make a
decision.
QUeStIONS aND COrreCtLY WeLL DeFINeD aNSWerS LateSt
aLreaDY GraDeD a+
A nurse enters a patient's room at the beginning of a shift to assess his condition
following a blood transfusion. The nurse cared for the patient on the previous day
as well. The patient has several issues he wishes to share with the nurse, who
takes time to explore each issue. The nurse also assesses the patient and finds
no signs or symptoms of a reaction to the blood product. The nurse observed the
patient the prior day and sees a change in his behavior—a reluctance to get out
of bed and ambulate. Which of the following actions improve the nurse's ability to
make clinical decisions about this patient? (Select all that apply.)
1. Working the same shift each day
2. Spending time during the patient assessment
3. Knowing the early mobility protocol guidelines
4. Caring for the patient on consecutive days
5. Knowing the pattern of patient behavior about ambulation
Answer: 2, 4, 5. Clinical decision making is enhanced by spending enough time
during patient assessments and knowing a patient’s typical behaviors (which is
reinforced when a nurse is assigned to a patient on consecutive days). Working
the same shift does not mean the nurse will care for the same patient. Knowledge
about the mobility protocol is helpful, but clinical decisions center on the needs
of an individual patient (e.g., whether a patient meets the criteria for a mobility
protocol and how well the patient has advanced so far).
Match the concepts for a critical thinker on the left with the application of the
term on the right,
Concepts for Critical Thinkers
,___ 1. Truth seeking
___ 2. Open-mindedness
___ 3. Analyticity
___ 4. Systematicity
Term Application
a. Anticipate how a patient might respond to a treatment.
b. Organize assessment on the basis of patient priorities.
c. Be objective in asking patient questions.
d. Be tolerant of the patient’s views and beliefs.
Answer: 1c, 2d, 3a, 4b.
A nurse has seen many cancer patients struggle with pain management because
they are afraid of becoming addicted to the medicine. Pain control is a priority for
cancer care. By helping patients focus on their values and beliefs about pain
control, a nurse can best make clinical decisions. This is an example of:
1. Creativity
2. Fairness
,3. Clinical reasoning
4. Applying ethical criteria
Answer: 4. Incorporating a patient’s beliefs and values promotes
patient autonomy and nurse advocacy, key ethical principles in
clinical decision making.
The REFLECT model can improve learning after providing patient care. Place the
steps of this model in the correct order:
1. Think about your thoughts and actions at the time of a situation.
2. Review the knowledge you gained from the experience.
3. Review the facts of the situation.
4. Set a schedule for completing your plan of action.
5. Consider options for handling a similar situation in the future.
6. Recall any feelings you had at the time of the situation.
7. Create a plan for future situations.
Answer: 3, 1, 6, 2, 5, 7, 4. This is the correct order of steps in the
REFLECT model.
One element of clinical decision making is knowing the patient. Which of the
following activities affect a nurse's ability to know patients better? (Select all that
apply.)
, 1. Caring for similar groups of patients over time
2. Reading the evidence-based practices appropriate to patients
3. Learning how patients typically respond to their clinical situations
4. Observing patients
5. Engaging with patients experiencing illness
Answer: 1, 3, 4, 5. Knowing the patient includes a nurse’s under- standing of a
specific patient and the patient’s subsequent selection of interventions. Knowing
the patient relates to a nurse’s experi- ence with caring for patients, time spent in
a specific clinical area, and having a sense of closeness with patients. Reading
evidence- based practices builds your knowledge about nursing science but does
not provide the knowledge needed through engaging with and observing
patients.
A nurse is preparing medications for a patient. The nurse checks the name of the
medication on the label with the name of the medication on the health care
provider's order. At the bedside, the nurse checks the patient's name against the
medication order as well. The nurse is following which critical thinking attitude?
1. Responsibility
2. Humility
3. Accuracy
4. Fairness
Answer: 1. Responsibility involves performing procedures correctly by following
standards of care. Accuracy, broadness, and fairness are intellectual standards.
Humility is the recognition of when you need more information to make a
decision.
