STR EXAM / STR (293) SCIENCE OF TEACHING
READING ACTUAL EXAM 2026/2027 PRACTICE
QUESTIONS AND STUDY GUIDE ACCURATE
EXAM COMPLETE REAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES (100% CORRECT VERIFIED
SOLUTIONS)
Question 1
A first-grade teacher is planning reading instruction
that reflects an integrated and recursive model of
literacy. Which instructional approach best aligns
with this model?
A) Teaching listening, speaking, reading, writing,
and thinking as separate subjects during designated
time blocks
B) Focusing exclusively on decoding instruction
before introducing comprehension activities
C) Providing daily instruction in each literacy
component in isolation
D) Planning instruction that explicitly teaches the
interconnected nature of listening, speaking,
reading, writing, and thinking
1|Page
,Answer: D) Planning instruction that explicitly
teaches the interconnected nature of listening,
speaking, reading, writing, and thinking
Rationale: The STR framework emphasizes that
reading instruction should reflect an integrated and
recursive model of literacy, recognizing the
interconnected nature of listening, speaking,
reading, writing, and thinking. Effective instruction
weaves these components together rather than
teaching them in isolation. This approach aligns
with evidence-based best practices for developing
proficient readers.
Question 2
According to the National Reading Panel, which are
the five core components of reading instruction?
A) Oral language, writing, motivation, engagement,
and assessment
B) Print concepts, alphabet knowledge,
phonological awareness, phonics, and
comprehension
2|Page
,C) Phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency,
vocabulary, and text comprehension
D) Decoding, encoding, spelling, grammar, and
literary analysis
Answer: C) Phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency,
vocabulary, and text comprehension
Rationale: The National Reading Panel identified
these five research-based components of reading
instruction. While oral language, writing, and
motivation play essential roles, they are not the five
core components identified by the National Reading
Panel. These components form the foundation of
effective, science-based reading instruction.
Question 3
A second-grade teacher notices a student can
decode words accurately but reads in a choppy,
word-by-word manner with no expression. The
student is most likely struggling with which
component of reading?
3|Page
, A) Phonemic awareness
B) Phonics
C) Vocabulary
D) Fluency
Answer: D) Fluency
Rationale: Fluency encompasses accuracy, rate,
and prosody (expression). A student who can
decode accurately but reads choppily without
expression is struggling with the prosodic aspect of
fluency. The STR framework identifies fluency as a
key component of reading development that
bridges decoding and comprehension.
Question 4
A prekindergarten teacher is designing activities to
promote students' alphabet knowledge. Which
strategy is most aligned with research-based best
practices?
A) Having students complete alphabet worksheets
independently each day
4|Page
READING ACTUAL EXAM 2026/2027 PRACTICE
QUESTIONS AND STUDY GUIDE ACCURATE
EXAM COMPLETE REAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES (100% CORRECT VERIFIED
SOLUTIONS)
Question 1
A first-grade teacher is planning reading instruction
that reflects an integrated and recursive model of
literacy. Which instructional approach best aligns
with this model?
A) Teaching listening, speaking, reading, writing,
and thinking as separate subjects during designated
time blocks
B) Focusing exclusively on decoding instruction
before introducing comprehension activities
C) Providing daily instruction in each literacy
component in isolation
D) Planning instruction that explicitly teaches the
interconnected nature of listening, speaking,
reading, writing, and thinking
1|Page
,Answer: D) Planning instruction that explicitly
teaches the interconnected nature of listening,
speaking, reading, writing, and thinking
Rationale: The STR framework emphasizes that
reading instruction should reflect an integrated and
recursive model of literacy, recognizing the
interconnected nature of listening, speaking,
reading, writing, and thinking. Effective instruction
weaves these components together rather than
teaching them in isolation. This approach aligns
with evidence-based best practices for developing
proficient readers.
Question 2
According to the National Reading Panel, which are
the five core components of reading instruction?
A) Oral language, writing, motivation, engagement,
and assessment
B) Print concepts, alphabet knowledge,
phonological awareness, phonics, and
comprehension
2|Page
,C) Phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency,
vocabulary, and text comprehension
D) Decoding, encoding, spelling, grammar, and
literary analysis
Answer: C) Phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency,
vocabulary, and text comprehension
Rationale: The National Reading Panel identified
these five research-based components of reading
instruction. While oral language, writing, and
motivation play essential roles, they are not the five
core components identified by the National Reading
Panel. These components form the foundation of
effective, science-based reading instruction.
Question 3
A second-grade teacher notices a student can
decode words accurately but reads in a choppy,
word-by-word manner with no expression. The
student is most likely struggling with which
component of reading?
3|Page
, A) Phonemic awareness
B) Phonics
C) Vocabulary
D) Fluency
Answer: D) Fluency
Rationale: Fluency encompasses accuracy, rate,
and prosody (expression). A student who can
decode accurately but reads choppily without
expression is struggling with the prosodic aspect of
fluency. The STR framework identifies fluency as a
key component of reading development that
bridges decoding and comprehension.
Question 4
A prekindergarten teacher is designing activities to
promote students' alphabet knowledge. Which
strategy is most aligned with research-based best
practices?
A) Having students complete alphabet worksheets
independently each day
4|Page
