BME 2200 Exam 2 Lectures 11-14
Questions & Answers (Grade A+)
Receptors -
correct answer ✅proteins that bind a specific extracellular signal
molecule (ligand) and initiates a response in the cell
ion-channel linked, G protein linked, enzyme-linked -
correct answer ✅What are the major surface receptor classes
A ligand binds to a G protein receptor causing a conformational
change in the G protein receptor. The G protein that has GDP
attached to it in its inactive form, binds to the G protein receptor,
and trades the GDP for a GTP. The ligand and receptor un-bind and
the G protein diffuses across the membrane to an enzyme. -
correct answer ✅How is a G protein activated
A G protein with GTP attached to it, binds to adenylyl cyclase,
activating it. When activated, ATP is changed to cAMP (cyclic AMP).
cAMP binds to the regulatory subunits of PKA, activating the
catalytic subunits of PKA. Some catalytic subunits travel to the
nucleus, where they phosphorylate a transcription factor called
CREB. A CREB binding protein attaches to CREB and transcription
starts. -
correct answer ✅cAMP signaling after G protein activation
, BME 2200 Exam 2 Lectures 11-14
Questions & Answers (Grade A+)
Nitric Oxide
- passes from endothelial cell to smooth muscle to relax and dilate
Rhodopsin
- a seven-spanning receptor that changes conformation of G protein
for sight regulation -
correct answer ✅Examples of gene regulation by cAMP
Receptor chains come together to form a dimer, the rearrangement
induced in cytosolic tails initiates signaling process. -
correct answer ✅Enzyme-linked receptor activation
Two separate polypeptides have tyrosines on them along with
empty ligand binding sites. The ligand attaches to the binding site,
and the two polypeptides come together to make an
unphosphorylated dimer. The kinase in the tyrosines take a
phosphate from ATP. A molecule attaches to the new
phosphorylated tyrosine kinases and they go through a
conformational change and initiate a cellular response. -
correct answer ✅Tyrosine Kinase activation
After tyrosine kinase activation, a growth protein receptor binds to
the phosphorylated tyrosine kinase. An SOS protein attaches to this
one then the membrane-bound protein RAS, with a GDP, binds to
Questions & Answers (Grade A+)
Receptors -
correct answer ✅proteins that bind a specific extracellular signal
molecule (ligand) and initiates a response in the cell
ion-channel linked, G protein linked, enzyme-linked -
correct answer ✅What are the major surface receptor classes
A ligand binds to a G protein receptor causing a conformational
change in the G protein receptor. The G protein that has GDP
attached to it in its inactive form, binds to the G protein receptor,
and trades the GDP for a GTP. The ligand and receptor un-bind and
the G protein diffuses across the membrane to an enzyme. -
correct answer ✅How is a G protein activated
A G protein with GTP attached to it, binds to adenylyl cyclase,
activating it. When activated, ATP is changed to cAMP (cyclic AMP).
cAMP binds to the regulatory subunits of PKA, activating the
catalytic subunits of PKA. Some catalytic subunits travel to the
nucleus, where they phosphorylate a transcription factor called
CREB. A CREB binding protein attaches to CREB and transcription
starts. -
correct answer ✅cAMP signaling after G protein activation
, BME 2200 Exam 2 Lectures 11-14
Questions & Answers (Grade A+)
Nitric Oxide
- passes from endothelial cell to smooth muscle to relax and dilate
Rhodopsin
- a seven-spanning receptor that changes conformation of G protein
for sight regulation -
correct answer ✅Examples of gene regulation by cAMP
Receptor chains come together to form a dimer, the rearrangement
induced in cytosolic tails initiates signaling process. -
correct answer ✅Enzyme-linked receptor activation
Two separate polypeptides have tyrosines on them along with
empty ligand binding sites. The ligand attaches to the binding site,
and the two polypeptides come together to make an
unphosphorylated dimer. The kinase in the tyrosines take a
phosphate from ATP. A molecule attaches to the new
phosphorylated tyrosine kinases and they go through a
conformational change and initiate a cellular response. -
correct answer ✅Tyrosine Kinase activation
After tyrosine kinase activation, a growth protein receptor binds to
the phosphorylated tyrosine kinase. An SOS protein attaches to this
one then the membrane-bound protein RAS, with a GDP, binds to
