ATI PN FUNDAMENTALS: KEY CONCEPTS
WITH VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS||
LATEST VERSION 2026
What is the most effective single intervention to prevent healthcare-associated
infections (HAIs)? - ANSWER-Hand hygiene
What type of mask is required for airborne diseases? - ANSWER-N95
respirator
Which diseases require airborne precautions? - ANSWER-Measles, TB,
Varicella
What is the mnemonic for airborne diseases? - ANSWER-MTV — Measles,
TB, Varicella
What is the difference between medical asepsis and surgical asepsis? -
ANSWER-Medical asepsis reduces the number of organisms, while surgical
asepsis eliminates all microorganisms.
What is the order for donning PPE? - ANSWER-1. Hand hygiene, 2. Gown, 3.
Mask/N95 respirator, 4. Eye protection, 5. Gloves
What is the order for doffing PPE? - ANSWER-1. Gloves, 2. Eye protection, 3.
Gown, 4. Hand hygiene, 5. Mask/N95, 6. Hand hygiene again
What are the links in the chain of infection? - ANSWER-Infectious agent,
reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry, susceptible host
, How can you break the chain of infection at the mode of transmission link? -
ANSWER-By practicing hand hygiene and using barriers.
What should be done to care for a client with a wound to prevent infection? -
ANSWER-Use clean/sterile technique and proper disposal.
What are the signs of shock? - ANSWER-Tachycardia, hypotension,
cool/clammy skin, decreased urine output, altered mental status.
What is the proper action for a dehiscence of a wound? - ANSWER-Cover with
a moist sterile dressing and call the provider.
What characterizes Stage 3 pressure injury? - ANSWER-Full thickness skin loss
with subcutaneous fat visible; no bone or tendon exposed.
What is the recommended action for Stage 3 pressure injury? - ANSWER-
Consult a wound care specialist; may need debridement.
What defines Stage 4 pressure injury? - ANSWER-Full thickness skin loss with
bone, tendon, or muscle exposed; may have tunneling.
What is the risk associated with Stage 4 pressure injury? - ANSWER-Risk of
osteomyelitis; surgical consult may be needed.
What does 'Unstageable' mean in pressure injury staging? - ANSWER-Covered
by slough or eschar; depth unknown until base is visible.
What is the appearance of Deep Tissue injury? - ANSWER-Purple/maroon
intact skin or blood-filled blister over pressure area.
WITH VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS||
LATEST VERSION 2026
What is the most effective single intervention to prevent healthcare-associated
infections (HAIs)? - ANSWER-Hand hygiene
What type of mask is required for airborne diseases? - ANSWER-N95
respirator
Which diseases require airborne precautions? - ANSWER-Measles, TB,
Varicella
What is the mnemonic for airborne diseases? - ANSWER-MTV — Measles,
TB, Varicella
What is the difference between medical asepsis and surgical asepsis? -
ANSWER-Medical asepsis reduces the number of organisms, while surgical
asepsis eliminates all microorganisms.
What is the order for donning PPE? - ANSWER-1. Hand hygiene, 2. Gown, 3.
Mask/N95 respirator, 4. Eye protection, 5. Gloves
What is the order for doffing PPE? - ANSWER-1. Gloves, 2. Eye protection, 3.
Gown, 4. Hand hygiene, 5. Mask/N95, 6. Hand hygiene again
What are the links in the chain of infection? - ANSWER-Infectious agent,
reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry, susceptible host
, How can you break the chain of infection at the mode of transmission link? -
ANSWER-By practicing hand hygiene and using barriers.
What should be done to care for a client with a wound to prevent infection? -
ANSWER-Use clean/sterile technique and proper disposal.
What are the signs of shock? - ANSWER-Tachycardia, hypotension,
cool/clammy skin, decreased urine output, altered mental status.
What is the proper action for a dehiscence of a wound? - ANSWER-Cover with
a moist sterile dressing and call the provider.
What characterizes Stage 3 pressure injury? - ANSWER-Full thickness skin loss
with subcutaneous fat visible; no bone or tendon exposed.
What is the recommended action for Stage 3 pressure injury? - ANSWER-
Consult a wound care specialist; may need debridement.
What defines Stage 4 pressure injury? - ANSWER-Full thickness skin loss with
bone, tendon, or muscle exposed; may have tunneling.
What is the risk associated with Stage 4 pressure injury? - ANSWER-Risk of
osteomyelitis; surgical consult may be needed.
What does 'Unstageable' mean in pressure injury staging? - ANSWER-Covered
by slough or eschar; depth unknown until base is visible.
What is the appearance of Deep Tissue injury? - ANSWER-Purple/maroon
intact skin or blood-filled blister over pressure area.
