NSG 318 FINAL EXAM 2026 STUDY GUIDE REVISION SHEET CORE CONCEPT BREAKDOWN

NSG 318 FINAL EXAM 2026 STUDY GUIDE
REVISION SHEET CORE CONCEPT
BREAKDOWN

◉ Albuterol.
Answer: Class: Beta2 Adrenergic Agonist
Use: Asthma, bronchospasm
- can cause tremors, muscle cramps
- can cause hypokalemia
- caution w/ milk protein sensitivity


◉ Atenolol.
Answer: Class: Beta 1 Adrenergic Antagonist
Use: Hypertension, angina
Action: suppresses RAA, blocks beta-adrenergic receptor sites.
- cool extremities
- erectile dysfunction
- take pulse daily


◉ Bethanechol (Urecholine).
Answer: Class: Cholinergic Agonist (parasympathomimetic)

,Use: urinary retention
- causes contraction of the bladder and bronchoconstriction
- reposition slowly (blurred vision, bronchoconstriction)


◉ Atropine.
Answer: Class: Anticholinergic
Use: reduces salivation, pre-op, increase HR, dilates pupils
- urinary retention
- Stevens-Johnson syndrome
- eye drops, avoid hot environments, wear sunglasses


◉ Alprazolam (Xanax).
Answer: Class: Benzodiazepine
Use: Anxiety and panic disorders
- CNS depressor
- can cause dependence
- Antidote: flumazenil


◉ Zolpidem (Ambien).
Answer: Class: Non-benzodiazepine: Sedative-hypnotic
Use: Insomnia
- sleep-related behaviors (sleepwalking)

, - bed alarm
- no driving


◉ Phenytoin.
Answer: Class: Hydantoin (anti-convulsant)
Use: tonic-clonic and partial seizures
- THREE P's: gingival hyperPlasia, Purple glove syndrome,
Pregnancy
- Therapeutic range: 10-20 mg/dL


◉ Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril).
Answer: Class: Centrally Acting Muscle Relaxant
Use: short-term treatment of muscle spasms
- anticholinergic effects
- CNS effects
- don't take with MAOI's


◉ Lorazepam (Ativan).
Answer: Class: Benzodiazepine
Use: anxiety, sedation induction, insomnia
- CNS effects: no driving, alcohol, or CNS depressants