portage pathophysiology module 8
exam double exams questions and all
correct answers 100% solved and
guaranteed success!!
1. Each of the following statements are true regarding control over the GFR EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: The RAA responds when blood pressure rises above normal limits.
Rationale:
• The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone (RAA) system is activated when blood pressure
drops below normal limits.
• It increases blood pressure by promoting vasoconstriction and sodium/water retention.
• The kidney maintains a relatively constant GFR despite changes in systemic blood
pressure through autoregulation.
2. Which of the following statements is true regarding nephrons?
Correct Answer: The glomerulus filters the blood while the tubule reabsorbs needed
nutrients.
Rationale:
• The glomerulus filters plasma from blood.
• The renal tubule reabsorbs useful substances such as glucose, amino acids, sodium, and
water.
3. Low Na⁺ levels in the plasma and interstitial compartment are characteristic of which fluid
imbalance?
Correct Answer: Dehydration
Rationale:
, • Dehydration causes loss of water and electrolytes.
• Sodium concentration decreases when fluid loss affects the extracellular compartment.
4. Reabsorption in the PCT is characterized by the following EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: Glucose and amino acids are minimally reabsorbed in the PCT.
Correction:
• Glucose and amino acids are almost completely reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted
tubule (PCT).
Rationale:
The PCT reabsorbs:
• 100% of glucose (under normal conditions)
• Nearly all amino acids
• Large amounts of sodium and water
5. Which of the following is/are true regarding acid-base balance?
Correct Answers:
Acid-base balance refers to the balance of hydrogen ion (H⁺) concentration in blood.
Higher H⁺ concentration decreases blood pH.
Rationale:
• Increased H⁺ = more acidic blood = lower pH.
• Decreased H⁺ = more alkaline blood = higher pH.
6. Which of the following is characteristic of acute transplant rejection?
Correct Answer: Involves increased T lymphocytes
Rationale:
• Acute rejection is primarily mediated by cellular immunity involving T cells.
exam double exams questions and all
correct answers 100% solved and
guaranteed success!!
1. Each of the following statements are true regarding control over the GFR EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: The RAA responds when blood pressure rises above normal limits.
Rationale:
• The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone (RAA) system is activated when blood pressure
drops below normal limits.
• It increases blood pressure by promoting vasoconstriction and sodium/water retention.
• The kidney maintains a relatively constant GFR despite changes in systemic blood
pressure through autoregulation.
2. Which of the following statements is true regarding nephrons?
Correct Answer: The glomerulus filters the blood while the tubule reabsorbs needed
nutrients.
Rationale:
• The glomerulus filters plasma from blood.
• The renal tubule reabsorbs useful substances such as glucose, amino acids, sodium, and
water.
3. Low Na⁺ levels in the plasma and interstitial compartment are characteristic of which fluid
imbalance?
Correct Answer: Dehydration
Rationale:
, • Dehydration causes loss of water and electrolytes.
• Sodium concentration decreases when fluid loss affects the extracellular compartment.
4. Reabsorption in the PCT is characterized by the following EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: Glucose and amino acids are minimally reabsorbed in the PCT.
Correction:
• Glucose and amino acids are almost completely reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted
tubule (PCT).
Rationale:
The PCT reabsorbs:
• 100% of glucose (under normal conditions)
• Nearly all amino acids
• Large amounts of sodium and water
5. Which of the following is/are true regarding acid-base balance?
Correct Answers:
Acid-base balance refers to the balance of hydrogen ion (H⁺) concentration in blood.
Higher H⁺ concentration decreases blood pH.
Rationale:
• Increased H⁺ = more acidic blood = lower pH.
• Decreased H⁺ = more alkaline blood = higher pH.
6. Which of the following is characteristic of acute transplant rejection?
Correct Answer: Involves increased T lymphocytes
Rationale:
• Acute rejection is primarily mediated by cellular immunity involving T cells.
