UNE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL
EXAM (2026/2027) UPDATE|EXAM 80
QUESTIONS WITH MULTIPLE
CHOICES |VERIFIED & REVISED
ANSWERS (NEW)!!!
An77nyearnoldnlifetimensmokernhasnbeenndiagnosednwithnantumorninnhisnlungnatnthensitenofnannoldnt
uberclenscarringnsite,nlocatedninnanperipheralnareanofnhisnbronchiolarntissue.nWhatnisnthisnclient'snm
ostnlikelyndiagnosis?n
A.nAdenocarcinoma
B.nSquamosncellncarcinoma
C.nSmallncellnlungncancer
D.nLargenCellnCarcinoman-nCORRECTnANSWERnAdenocarcinoma
Whenneducatingnanstudentnwhonlivesninnancrowdednapartmentnandndiagnosednwithntuberculosis,nt
hencollegenschoolnnursenwillnemphasis,
A.nOncenyournfeverngoesnaway,nyouncansntopntakingnthenstreptomycinninjection.n
B.nIfnisoniazidnmakesnyounnauseous,nwencannsubstitutensomethingnmilder.n
C.nTondestroynthisnbacteriumnyounmustnstrictlynadherentonanlongntermndrugnregiment
D.nYounwillnhaventonwearnannN95nmasknwhilenonncampusnatnallntimes.n-
nCORRECTnANSWERnTondestroynthisnbacterium,nyounmustnstrictlynadherentonanlongntermndrugnregi
ment.
AnpatientnwithnsmallncellnlungncancernhasndevelopednanparaneoplasticnsyndromencallednCushingnsy
ndrome.nBasednonnthisnnewncomplication,nthennursenwillnlikelynassessnwhichnofnthenfollowingnmani
festationsnofnthisnsyndrome?n
A.nWeightngain,nmoonnfacenandnbuffalonhumpnandnpurplenstriaenonnthenabdomen
B.nBilateralnedemaninnthenarms,nswollennface,nandnprotrudingneyes
C.nSeverenbone/jointnpain,nnausea/vomitingnandnpolyuria
,Tetany,nnewnonsetnseizurenactivity,nemotionalnlability,nandnextranpyramidal.n-
nCORRECTnANSWERnA.nWeightngain,nmoonnfacenandnbuffalonhumpnandnpurplenstriaenonnthenabdo
men
ThenneonatalnICUnnursenisnawarenthatntypenIInalveolarncellsnproducensurfactant,nandntheynusuallynd
evelopnatnhownmanynweeksnofngestation?n
A.n17-18
B.n19-20
C.n24-28n
D.n34-38n-nCORRECTnANSWERnC.n24-28
Anpatientnwhonhasnbeennonnanhigh-
proteinndietncomesntonthenemergencyndepartmentnwithnrespiratorynsymptoms.nUponnanalysisnofn
arterialnbloodngasesn(ABGs),nthenpatientnisndiagnosednwithnhypercapnia.nThennursenwillnnotenthenA
BGnresultsnthatnconfirmnthisndiagnosisninclude:nSelectnallnthatnapply.
n
pHn7.31n(normaln7.35nton7.45).
PO2nofn97%.
PCO2nofn58nmmnHgn(normaln38nton42).
SerumnHCO3nofn33nmEq/Ln(normaln22nton28).
SerumnK+n(potassium)ofn3.6nmmol/Ln(normaln3.5nton5.0).n-
nCORRECTnANSWERnpHn7.31n(normaln7.35nton7.45).
PCO2nofn58nmmnHgn(normaln38nton42).
SerumnHCO3nofn33nmEq/Ln(normaln22nton28).
An51-year-
oldnfemalenclientnwhonisn2ndaysnpostoperativeninnansurgicalnunitnofnanhospitalnisnatnrisknofndevelopi
ngnatelectasisnasnanresultnofnbeingnlargelynimmobile.nWhichnofnthenfollowingnteachingnpointsnbynhe
rnnursenisnmostnappropriate?
, "Younshouldnbreathendeeplynandncoughntonhelpnyournlungsnexpandnasnmuchnasnpossiblenwhilenyou'
reninnbed."
"Beingninnbednincreasesnthenrisknofnfluidnaccumulatingnbetweennyournlungsnandntheirnlining,nsonit'sn
importantnfornyountonchangenpositionsnoften."
"Makensurenthatnyounstaynhydratednandnwalknasnsoonnasnpossiblentonavoidnusnhavingntoninsertnanch
estntube."
"I'llnproscribenbronchodilatornmedicationsnthatnwillnhelpnopennupnyournairwaysnandnallownmorenox
ygennin."n-
nCORRECTnANSWERn"Younshouldnbreathendeeplynandncoughntonhelpnyournlungsnexpandnasnmuchna
snpossiblenwhilenyou'reninnbed."
AnpatientnarrivesninnthenEDnafternannautomobilenaccident.nWhichnofnthenfollowingnclinicalnmanifest
ationsnleadnthennursentonsuspectnanpneumothorax?nSelectnallnthatnapply.n
Respiratorynraten34
Asymmetricalnchestnmovements,nespeciallynonninspiration
Diminishednbreathnsoundsnovernthenpainfulnchestnarea
Pulsenoximetryn98%
ABGnpHnlevelnofn7.38n-nCORRECTnANSWERnRespiratorynraten34
n
Asymmetricalnchestnmovements,nespeciallynonninspiration
n
Diminishednbreathnsoundsnovernthenpainfulnchestnarea
UponnadmissionntonthenICU,nanpatientnwithnanhistorynofncornpulmonalenwillnlikelynbenexhibitingnwhi
chnofnthenfollowingnclinicalnmanifestationsnofnrightnheartnfailure?nSelectnallnthatnapply.
Finencracklesnthroughoutnbothnlungnfieldsn
+4npittingnedemaninnlowernextremities
Expectoratingncopiousnamountsnofnfrothy,npinknsputum
EXAM (2026/2027) UPDATE|EXAM 80
QUESTIONS WITH MULTIPLE
CHOICES |VERIFIED & REVISED
ANSWERS (NEW)!!!
An77nyearnoldnlifetimensmokernhasnbeenndiagnosednwithnantumorninnhisnlungnatnthensitenofnannoldnt
uberclenscarringnsite,nlocatedninnanperipheralnareanofnhisnbronchiolarntissue.nWhatnisnthisnclient'snm
ostnlikelyndiagnosis?n
A.nAdenocarcinoma
B.nSquamosncellncarcinoma
C.nSmallncellnlungncancer
D.nLargenCellnCarcinoman-nCORRECTnANSWERnAdenocarcinoma
Whenneducatingnanstudentnwhonlivesninnancrowdednapartmentnandndiagnosednwithntuberculosis,nt
hencollegenschoolnnursenwillnemphasis,
A.nOncenyournfeverngoesnaway,nyouncansntopntakingnthenstreptomycinninjection.n
B.nIfnisoniazidnmakesnyounnauseous,nwencannsubstitutensomethingnmilder.n
C.nTondestroynthisnbacteriumnyounmustnstrictlynadherentonanlongntermndrugnregiment
D.nYounwillnhaventonwearnannN95nmasknwhilenonncampusnatnallntimes.n-
nCORRECTnANSWERnTondestroynthisnbacterium,nyounmustnstrictlynadherentonanlongntermndrugnregi
ment.
AnpatientnwithnsmallncellnlungncancernhasndevelopednanparaneoplasticnsyndromencallednCushingnsy
ndrome.nBasednonnthisnnewncomplication,nthennursenwillnlikelynassessnwhichnofnthenfollowingnmani
festationsnofnthisnsyndrome?n
A.nWeightngain,nmoonnfacenandnbuffalonhumpnandnpurplenstriaenonnthenabdomen
B.nBilateralnedemaninnthenarms,nswollennface,nandnprotrudingneyes
C.nSeverenbone/jointnpain,nnausea/vomitingnandnpolyuria
,Tetany,nnewnonsetnseizurenactivity,nemotionalnlability,nandnextranpyramidal.n-
nCORRECTnANSWERnA.nWeightngain,nmoonnfacenandnbuffalonhumpnandnpurplenstriaenonnthenabdo
men
ThenneonatalnICUnnursenisnawarenthatntypenIInalveolarncellsnproducensurfactant,nandntheynusuallynd
evelopnatnhownmanynweeksnofngestation?n
A.n17-18
B.n19-20
C.n24-28n
D.n34-38n-nCORRECTnANSWERnC.n24-28
Anpatientnwhonhasnbeennonnanhigh-
proteinndietncomesntonthenemergencyndepartmentnwithnrespiratorynsymptoms.nUponnanalysisnofn
arterialnbloodngasesn(ABGs),nthenpatientnisndiagnosednwithnhypercapnia.nThennursenwillnnotenthenA
BGnresultsnthatnconfirmnthisndiagnosisninclude:nSelectnallnthatnapply.
n
pHn7.31n(normaln7.35nton7.45).
PO2nofn97%.
PCO2nofn58nmmnHgn(normaln38nton42).
SerumnHCO3nofn33nmEq/Ln(normaln22nton28).
SerumnK+n(potassium)ofn3.6nmmol/Ln(normaln3.5nton5.0).n-
nCORRECTnANSWERnpHn7.31n(normaln7.35nton7.45).
PCO2nofn58nmmnHgn(normaln38nton42).
SerumnHCO3nofn33nmEq/Ln(normaln22nton28).
An51-year-
oldnfemalenclientnwhonisn2ndaysnpostoperativeninnansurgicalnunitnofnanhospitalnisnatnrisknofndevelopi
ngnatelectasisnasnanresultnofnbeingnlargelynimmobile.nWhichnofnthenfollowingnteachingnpointsnbynhe
rnnursenisnmostnappropriate?
, "Younshouldnbreathendeeplynandncoughntonhelpnyournlungsnexpandnasnmuchnasnpossiblenwhilenyou'
reninnbed."
"Beingninnbednincreasesnthenrisknofnfluidnaccumulatingnbetweennyournlungsnandntheirnlining,nsonit'sn
importantnfornyountonchangenpositionsnoften."
"Makensurenthatnyounstaynhydratednandnwalknasnsoonnasnpossiblentonavoidnusnhavingntoninsertnanch
estntube."
"I'llnproscribenbronchodilatornmedicationsnthatnwillnhelpnopennupnyournairwaysnandnallownmorenox
ygennin."n-
nCORRECTnANSWERn"Younshouldnbreathendeeplynandncoughntonhelpnyournlungsnexpandnasnmuchna
snpossiblenwhilenyou'reninnbed."
AnpatientnarrivesninnthenEDnafternannautomobilenaccident.nWhichnofnthenfollowingnclinicalnmanifest
ationsnleadnthennursentonsuspectnanpneumothorax?nSelectnallnthatnapply.n
Respiratorynraten34
Asymmetricalnchestnmovements,nespeciallynonninspiration
Diminishednbreathnsoundsnovernthenpainfulnchestnarea
Pulsenoximetryn98%
ABGnpHnlevelnofn7.38n-nCORRECTnANSWERnRespiratorynraten34
n
Asymmetricalnchestnmovements,nespeciallynonninspiration
n
Diminishednbreathnsoundsnovernthenpainfulnchestnarea
UponnadmissionntonthenICU,nanpatientnwithnanhistorynofncornpulmonalenwillnlikelynbenexhibitingnwhi
chnofnthenfollowingnclinicalnmanifestationsnofnrightnheartnfailure?nSelectnallnthatnapply.
Finencracklesnthroughoutnbothnlungnfieldsn
+4npittingnedemaninnlowernextremities
Expectoratingncopiousnamountsnofnfrothy,npinknsputum
