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1. What are the two ways to stop the chain of infection?
Stop transmission; don't give it a reservoir
2. What are two reasons an infectious agent can cause infection?
Entry through a break in skin; patient is immunocompromised
3. What is true about Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)?
There are 2 types — HSV-1 (cold sores) and HSV-2 (genital) — there is no cure;
it lays dormant
4. What medications treat HSV-1?
Acyclovir, valacyclovir
5. What are the nursing interventions for HSV-2?
Treat symptoms, prevent spread, keep lesions clean and dry
6. Herpes Zoster (shingles) occurs in patients with a history of chickenpox. What
can trigger an outbreak?
Age, stress, infection
7. What term describes nerve pain that persists after shingles has cleared?
Postherpetic neuralgia
8. What is the treatment for Herpes Zoster?
Treat anxiety and prevent secondary complications; antivirals, steroids,
analgesics, Zostavax vaccine (55 and older)
,9. A rash along a nerve track that can cause blindness, deafness, and inflammation
of the brain describes what condition?
Herpes Zoster
10. What condition is a bacterial (strep or staph) infection of the skin and
underlying tissue that is not contagious but can spread to other areas on the same
patient?
Cellulitis
11. What is the treatment for Cellulitis?
Antibiotics, elevate, cold compresses
12. What patient education is provided for Cellulitis?
Teach S/S (warm, red, swollen, drainage), finish all antibiotics, good nutrition
13. What are risk factors for Cellulitis?
DM, PVD, lymphedema, malnutrition, compromised immune system,
autoimmune disorders, surgery
14. What patient education is given for Pediculosis (lice)?
Don't share hats/combs; treat family and house
15. What are the signs and symptoms of Pediculosis?
Nits seen on body, pinpoint raised red macules, itch
16. What causes Scabies?
Itch mite
17. Wavy brown lines on the body with severe itching are S/S of what condition?
Scabies
18. What is the treatment for Scabies?
Permethrin cream; treat close contacts
19. A patient presents with burning, pain, itching, edema, and papules on the skin.
What is the first question to ask?
"Have you changed anything recently or been around poison ivy?"
,Autoimmune / Rheumatologic
20. What are the S/S of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)?
Tender, warm, swollen joints; stiffness the first hour after waking; fatigue;
fever
21. What is the treatment for RA?
Rest/activity balance, NSAIDs, warm compresses, therapy, DMARDs (disease-
modifying drugs)
22. What are the S/S of Lupus?
Butterfly rash, fatigue, fever, arthritis, heart/lung/kidney problems
23. What diagnostic tests are used for Lupus (to rule out other issues)?
ANA, CBC, sed rate, C-reactive protein, urinalysis, chest x-rays
24. What is the treatment for Lupus?
NSAIDs and steroids for symptom relief
25. What patient education is given for Lupus?
Skin care, pain and stress management, rest/activity balance, know S/S of
exacerbations and infections
Skin Cancer
26. What patient education is provided for skin cancer prevention?
Sunscreen, stay out of sun 10am–4pm, avoid sunburn, full-body skin
assessment after shower, yearly dermatologist visits
27. What does the ABCD scale for detecting melanoma stand for?
Asymmetry, Borders, Color, Diameter
Sexually Transmitted Infections
28. Often asymptomatic or presenting with scant white/clear drainage,
burning/itching, and urinary frequency/pelvic pain — what STI is this?
Chlamydia
, 29. What patient education is given for Chlamydia?
Finish all antibiotics, treat partners, can cause infertility
30. Also often asymptomatic, or presenting with purulent drainage, lower
abdominal pain, and dysuria — what STI is this?
Gonorrhea
31. What patient education is given for Gonorrhea?
Wear loose-fitting clothing; treat partners
32. Besides sexual intercourse, Syphilis can be contracted through what two other
means?
Needle sharing and mother-to-fetus transmission
33. In which stage of Syphilis does the infection lay dormant?
Latent stage
34. In which stages of Syphilis must the patient be treated for treatment to be
effective?
Primary (sores) and secondary (rash)
35. What happens to the body during the tertiary stage of Syphilis?
It has attacked the organs
36. How is HIV transmitted?
Sexual intercourse, sharing needles, mother to fetus
37. What are the S/S of HIV?
Night sweats, low-grade fever, fatigue, headache, weight loss, flu-like
symptoms, diarrhea
38. How is HIV prevented?
Abstinence, monogamy, condom use, water-based lubricants, avoid drug use,
don't breastfeed if positive