ATI MEDICAL SURGICAL EXAM
CARDIOVASCULAR ENDOCRINE
GASTROINTESTINAL ACTUAL EXAM PAPER
2026 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED
A+
◉ elevated blood pressure.
Answer: 120-129/<80 mmHg
◉ stage I HTN.
Answer: 130-139/80-89
◉ stage II HTN.
Answer: >=140/>=90 mmHg
◉ modifiable risk factors.
Answer: contributors of a noncommunicable disease that can be
altered by changing one's behavior or environment
◉ modifiable risk factors for HTN.
Answer: -high sodium diet
,-obesity
-sedentary lifestyle
-DM
-smoking
◉ nonmodifiable risk factors.
Answer: nonchangeable or noncontrollable
◉ nonmodifiable risk factors of HTN.
Answer: -genetics
-family hx
-age
-race
◉ secondary hypertension.
Answer: results from another disease or is the side effect of
medications, ex:
-renal disease!!!!
-obstructive sleep apnea!!!!
-endocrine disorders
-hormone therapy, steroids, !!!!immunosuppressants
,◉ consequences of uncontrolled HTN.
Answer: end organ damage! want to prevent this from
occurring!!!!!!!
-kidneys: renal damage (failure, proteinuria)!
-vasculature: peripheral vascular disease
-eyes: retinopathy
-brain: hemorrhage, stroke
-heart: LVH, CHD, CHF
◉ Million Hearts Campaign.
Answer: Hypertension Control Change Package (HCCP)
-used to improve HTN control
-how? ABCs
◉ million hearts campaign ABCs.
Answer: -Aspirin for high risk patients
-Blood pressure control
-Cholesterol management
-Smoking cessation
◉ Affordable Care Act and HTN.
Answer: -annual wellness visits
, -eRecords for improved monitoring
-no co-pay for preventative health services
◉ treatment of HTN.
Answer: -lifestyle changes: lose weight, eat fruits and veggies,
reduce salt intake (CDC and AHA recommends), become active,
moderate alcohol intake
-pharmacotherapy
◉ reduced salt.
Answer: CDC reccommends no more than 2300mg/day
AHA ideally less than 1500mg/day
◉ DASH diet.
Answer: Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension,
-high in grains, high in fruits, low in fats!!
◉ increasing activity levels for HTN tx.
Answer: 150min/week!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
-exercising 10 MINUTES at a time 3 TIMES A DAY, 5 DAYS A WEEK
can help lower BP
CARDIOVASCULAR ENDOCRINE
GASTROINTESTINAL ACTUAL EXAM PAPER
2026 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED
A+
◉ elevated blood pressure.
Answer: 120-129/<80 mmHg
◉ stage I HTN.
Answer: 130-139/80-89
◉ stage II HTN.
Answer: >=140/>=90 mmHg
◉ modifiable risk factors.
Answer: contributors of a noncommunicable disease that can be
altered by changing one's behavior or environment
◉ modifiable risk factors for HTN.
Answer: -high sodium diet
,-obesity
-sedentary lifestyle
-DM
-smoking
◉ nonmodifiable risk factors.
Answer: nonchangeable or noncontrollable
◉ nonmodifiable risk factors of HTN.
Answer: -genetics
-family hx
-age
-race
◉ secondary hypertension.
Answer: results from another disease or is the side effect of
medications, ex:
-renal disease!!!!
-obstructive sleep apnea!!!!
-endocrine disorders
-hormone therapy, steroids, !!!!immunosuppressants
,◉ consequences of uncontrolled HTN.
Answer: end organ damage! want to prevent this from
occurring!!!!!!!
-kidneys: renal damage (failure, proteinuria)!
-vasculature: peripheral vascular disease
-eyes: retinopathy
-brain: hemorrhage, stroke
-heart: LVH, CHD, CHF
◉ Million Hearts Campaign.
Answer: Hypertension Control Change Package (HCCP)
-used to improve HTN control
-how? ABCs
◉ million hearts campaign ABCs.
Answer: -Aspirin for high risk patients
-Blood pressure control
-Cholesterol management
-Smoking cessation
◉ Affordable Care Act and HTN.
Answer: -annual wellness visits
, -eRecords for improved monitoring
-no co-pay for preventative health services
◉ treatment of HTN.
Answer: -lifestyle changes: lose weight, eat fruits and veggies,
reduce salt intake (CDC and AHA recommends), become active,
moderate alcohol intake
-pharmacotherapy
◉ reduced salt.
Answer: CDC reccommends no more than 2300mg/day
AHA ideally less than 1500mg/day
◉ DASH diet.
Answer: Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension,
-high in grains, high in fruits, low in fats!!
◉ increasing activity levels for HTN tx.
Answer: 150min/week!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
-exercising 10 MINUTES at a time 3 TIMES A DAY, 5 DAYS A WEEK
can help lower BP
