(Exams 1-4) for NUR 265 Complete Exam Bundle |
Galen Med-Surg Nursing (PDF)
1. A client with acute kidney injury (AKI) has a serum
potassium of 6.8 mEq/L. Which action should the nurse
take first?
A. Administer sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate)
B. Administer IV calcium gluconate
C. Prepare for emergent hemodialysis
D. Restrict dietary potassium
1
,Correct Answer: B
Rationale: IV calcium gluconate stabilizes the cardiac
membrane to prevent life-threatening dysrhythmias from
severe hyperkalemia. Kayexalate and dialysis remove
potassium but take longer to act.
2. A client on peritoneal dialysis reports abdominal pain
and the nurse notes cloudy effluent. What is the priority
nursing action?
A. Irrigate the catheter with normal saline
B. Administer oral pain medication
C. Send a sample of effluent for culture and sensitivity
2
,D. Increase the dwell time
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cloudy effluent is the hallmark sign of
peritonitis. The nurse must obtain a sample for culture to
identify the organism before starting antibiotics. Irrigation
can worsen infection.
3. A nurse is assessing a client with nephrotic syndrome.
Which finding is expected?
A. Hypotension and tachycardia
B. Periorbital edema and frothy urine
3
, C. Decreased urine specific gravity
D. Hyperalbuminemia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nephrotic syndrome causes massive proteinuria
(frothy urine), hypoalbuminemia, and generalized edema.
Periorbital edema is common due to low oncotic pressure.
4. A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a
hemoglobin of 8.0 g/dL. What is the most likely cause?
A. Iron deficiency from poor intake
B. Hemolysis from uremic toxins
4
Galen Med-Surg Nursing (PDF)
1. A client with acute kidney injury (AKI) has a serum
potassium of 6.8 mEq/L. Which action should the nurse
take first?
A. Administer sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate)
B. Administer IV calcium gluconate
C. Prepare for emergent hemodialysis
D. Restrict dietary potassium
1
,Correct Answer: B
Rationale: IV calcium gluconate stabilizes the cardiac
membrane to prevent life-threatening dysrhythmias from
severe hyperkalemia. Kayexalate and dialysis remove
potassium but take longer to act.
2. A client on peritoneal dialysis reports abdominal pain
and the nurse notes cloudy effluent. What is the priority
nursing action?
A. Irrigate the catheter with normal saline
B. Administer oral pain medication
C. Send a sample of effluent for culture and sensitivity
2
,D. Increase the dwell time
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cloudy effluent is the hallmark sign of
peritonitis. The nurse must obtain a sample for culture to
identify the organism before starting antibiotics. Irrigation
can worsen infection.
3. A nurse is assessing a client with nephrotic syndrome.
Which finding is expected?
A. Hypotension and tachycardia
B. Periorbital edema and frothy urine
3
, C. Decreased urine specific gravity
D. Hyperalbuminemia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nephrotic syndrome causes massive proteinuria
(frothy urine), hypoalbuminemia, and generalized edema.
Periorbital edema is common due to low oncotic pressure.
4. A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a
hemoglobin of 8.0 g/dL. What is the most likely cause?
A. Iron deficiency from poor intake
B. Hemolysis from uremic toxins
4
