APEA 3P Exam Reviews – Questions and Correct Answers Study Guide

APEA 3P EXAMS REVIEWS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS




Most common type of skin cancer in USA - CORRECT ANSWER-Skin cancer

Most common type of skin cancer - CORRECT ANSWER-basal cell carcinoma

basal cell carcinoma symptoms - CORRECT ANSWER-Appearance varies; smooth,
shiny bump, pink to pearly white

Basal cell carcinoma common locations - CORRECT ANSWER-cheeks, nose, face,
neck, arms, back

basal cell carcinoma diagnosis gold standard - CORRECT ANSWER-biopsy. if not an
option, refer to derm

Actinic keratosis - CORRECT ANSWER-Precursor to squamous cell carcinoma
numerous dry, round and pink to red lesions w/ rough and scaly texture
--> does not heal, slow growing in sun exposed areas

Actinic keratosis diagnosis gold standard - CORRECT ANSWER-Biopsy.
if not an option, refer to derm

Actinic keratosis treatment gold standard - CORRECT ANSWER-small- cryotherapy
large- number 5-FU (5-flouracil aka efudex). 5-FU medication Causes skin to ooze,
crust, scab and be red
**5-flouracil/ efudex-wear sunscreen!!**

squamous cell cancer - CORRECT ANSWER-chronic red scaly rough textured lesion w/
irregular borders
crusting or bleeding may be present

,Squamous mcell mcarcinoma mcommon mlocations m- mCORRECT mANSWER-rims mof mears,
mlips, m
m
nose, mface mand mtop mof
mhands
m

precursor mlesion mto msquamous mcell mcancer m- mCORRECT mANSWER-actinic mkeratosis m
m

squamous mcell mcarcinoma mdiagnosis mby? m- mCORRECT mANSWER-biopsy mgold
mstandard. mif m
m
biopsy mis mnot man moption, mrefer mto
mdermatology m.
m

Risk mfactors mfor mskin mcancer(melanoma mand mboth mnon-melanoma) m- mCORRECT m
ANSWER-Blistering msunburn mas ma mchild, mhistory mof msunburns, mlight mskin, mchronic
mexposure mto mUV mlight m(sunlight/tanning mbeds), mmoles, mfamily mhx mfor mskin mcancer m
m

Melanoma msymptoms m(ABCDE) m- mCORRECT mANSWER-asymmetry
m(shape/uneven m
m
texture)
m
border
m(irregular/notched/blurred)
m
color m(variegated mcolors mfrom mblack, mblue, mdark mto mlight
mbrown)
m
diameter m(size m>6mm msize mof mpencil meraser mor
mlarger)
m
evolving m(changes min

mcolor/size/shape)
m
may mbe

mitchy
m

Acral mlengtiginous mmelanoma m- mCORRECT mANSWER-Most mcommon mtype mof
mmelanoma m
m
in mdark mskinned mindividuals m(blacks m&
masians)
m
--> mlook mfor mlongitudinal mbrown mto mblack mbands munder mthe mnailbed. ma mchanging
mspot mor
m
mole min mthe mpalms, mor mthe msoles mof mthe
mfeet
m

seborrheic mkeratosis m- mCORRECT mANSWER-soft, mround, mwart-like mgrowth mthat mis mlight
mtan m
m
to mblack mand mlooks mpasted
mon

, m
asymptomatic
m&benign
m

Bacterial mMeningitis mBacteria m- mCORRECT mANSWER-Streptococcus mpneumoniae-
mmost mcommon mstrain m mHaemophilus minfluenzae m

Neisseria mmeningitidis m
Escherichia mcoli m
*others m
m

Bacterial mmeningitis msymptoms m(Classic mTriad) m- mCORRECT mANSWER-High mfever m
Nuchal mrigidity m
rapid mchange min mmental mstatus mw/ mheadache m
mTriad=neck mup m

erythematous mspot-like mrash m(petechiae) mecchymosis mto mpurple-colored mlesions
m(purpura) mwhich mare mnon-blanchable m
m

Is mbacterial mmeningitis ma mreportable mdisease m- mCORRECT mANSWER-yes! m
m

Treatment mfor mBacterial mmeningitis-patient m- mCORRECT mANSWER-IV mAbx mASAP,
mresp/droplet miso mfor mfirst m24-48 mhrs, mhydrate m(low mmaintenance mafter minitial mfluid

mcorrection), m

Maintain mventilation mand mreduce mincreased mintra mcranial mpressure mif mpresent m
(dexamethosone(to mreduce minflammation, mmannitol mto mdiurese mthe mbrain), mlow
mstim m
m
environment, mtx mcomplications mthat mmay marrive mand msupport
mfamily
m

Treatment mfor mbacterial mmeningitis-close mencounter m- mCORRECT mANSWER-
Close m
m
contacts mshould mbe mtreated mw/ mrifampin m600 mmg mq m12 mhours mx m2
mdays
m
**Rifampin mchanges murine mcolor mto mreddish morange mand mcan mstain
mcontacts
m

**AVOID mRIFAMPIN mIN mPREGNANCY m
m

Brudzinkski msign m(meningeal mirritation) m- mCORRECT mANSWER-Tests mfor
mmeningeal m
m
irritation
m
Patient msupine, mraise mBACK mof mhead mand mflex mchin mtowards
mchest
m
+ mresult mif mpt mautomatically mbeds mboth
mhips
m
--Brudzinski mand mback mof mhead mstart mwith mB mas mwell mas
mbends--
m

, Kernig's msign m- mCORRECT mANSWER-Tests mfor mmeningeal mirritation
mpatient msupine. mflex mpatients mhips mand mknees min ma mright mangle, mthen

mslowly mstraighten/extend mthe mlegs mup m m

+ mresult mif mwhen mthe mpatient mcomplains mof mpain mduring mextension mof mleg m
m

MCV4 m(meningococcal mvaccine) mAge m11-19 m- mCORRECT mANSWER-Give mone
mdose mof m
m
menactra mor

mmenveo
m
primary mdose mgiven mage m12 mor myounger mgive ma mbooster mat mage
m16-18
m

MCV4 m(meningococcal mvaccine) mAge m19-21 m- mCORRECT mANSWER-Give mone
mdose mof m
m
menactra mor mmenveo mif mnever mhad
meither
m

Rocky mmountain mspotted mfever m(RMSF) msymptoms m- mCORRECT mANSWER-Fever
mchills m

N/V
mmyalgia

marthralgia m

2-5 mdays mlater mdevelop mpetechial mrash mon mforearms, mankles, mand mwrists mthat mspreads m
towards mtrunk mand mbecomes mgeneralised. msometimes mrash mdevelops mon mpalms mand
msoles m

**RASH mDEVELOPS mINWARDS** m
m

RMSF mpneumonic m(RMSF) m- mCORRECT mANSWER-R-
Rash m
mm
mM-Muscle maches

m(myalgia)
mm
mS-Stomach maches m(nausea mand

mvomiting)
m
mF-Fever m(>102

mF)
m

Rocky mMountain mSpotted mFever m(RMSF): mLocated: m- mCORRECT mANSWER-
•Think m
mm
"Rocky"- mNorth mCarolina, mOklahoma, mArkansas, mTennessee,
mMissouri
m
mSpring mto mFall m(April mto

mSeptember)
m

Rocky mMountain mSpotted mFever m(RMSF): mDX m- mCORRECT mANSWER-PCR massay mby
mindirect mimmunofluorescence mantibody m(IFA) massay mfor mimmunoglobulin mG m(IgG) mfor

mRickettsia mRickettsii m