ABO CERTIFICATION EXAM SCRIPT
PREMIUM REVIEW SHEET TESTED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
●● vascular tunic
Answer: iris, ciliary body, choroid (responsible for nourishment)
●● nervous tunic
Answer: Inner layer of the eye, consisting of the retina.
●● rods vs cones (function & location)
Answer: night vision vs color vision.
about 120 million rods spread throughout retina. 6 million cones
concentrated near macula, highest amount found near fovea.
●● macula
Answer: where light will focus in a healthy eye
●● fovea
Answer: the central focal point in the retina, around which the eye's
cones cluster
,●● optic disc
Answer: the point where the optic nerve enters the eye. "blind spot"
●● anterior chamber
Answer: between cornea and iris
●● posterior chamber
Answer: between iris and lens
●● aqueous humor (location & function)
Answer: fluid in the eye, found between the cornea and the lens.
produced by ciliary body. maintians the pressure (IOP) and provides
nutrients to the cornea)
●● Canal of Schlemm
Answer: drains the aqueous humor of the eye
●● vitreous chamber (location)
Answer: found between the retina and lens
●● vitreous humor (function)
Answer: gel-like substance which maintains the shape of the eye
,●● cornea
Answer: transparent,dome shaped layer in which light enters the eye
●● name the 5 layers of the cornea (outer to inner) and functions
Answer: 1. epithelium
2. Bowman's Membrane (protective layer)
3. stroma(makes up 90% of the corneas thickness)
4. Descemet's Membrane(separates the stroma and the endothelium)
5. endothelium(removes water keeping the ocrnea clear)
●● iris
Answer: colored part of the eye that controls the amount of light let into
the pupil
●● dilator muscle
Answer: enlarges the pupil, allowing more light into the eye.
●● sphincter muscle
Answer: closes the iris
●● an iris can range from? (mm)
Answer: 2-8 millimeters
, ●● crystalline lens
Answer: behind the pupil, focuses light on the retina. closer objects need
more crystalline lens power to focus the image
●● accomodation
Answer: the process of focusing on shapes based on their distance.
●● cillary body
Answer: helps achieve accommodation, surrounds the lens
●● zonules
Answer: fibrous strands which attach the lens to the ciliary muscle
●● When the ciliary body contracts...
Answer: The zonules relax allowing the lens to thicken, adding power,
allowing the eye to focus up close.
●● When the ciliary body relaxes...
Answer: the zonules contract drawing lens outward making lens thinner
and allowing eye to focus at distance
●● palpebrae
PREMIUM REVIEW SHEET TESTED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
●● vascular tunic
Answer: iris, ciliary body, choroid (responsible for nourishment)
●● nervous tunic
Answer: Inner layer of the eye, consisting of the retina.
●● rods vs cones (function & location)
Answer: night vision vs color vision.
about 120 million rods spread throughout retina. 6 million cones
concentrated near macula, highest amount found near fovea.
●● macula
Answer: where light will focus in a healthy eye
●● fovea
Answer: the central focal point in the retina, around which the eye's
cones cluster
,●● optic disc
Answer: the point where the optic nerve enters the eye. "blind spot"
●● anterior chamber
Answer: between cornea and iris
●● posterior chamber
Answer: between iris and lens
●● aqueous humor (location & function)
Answer: fluid in the eye, found between the cornea and the lens.
produced by ciliary body. maintians the pressure (IOP) and provides
nutrients to the cornea)
●● Canal of Schlemm
Answer: drains the aqueous humor of the eye
●● vitreous chamber (location)
Answer: found between the retina and lens
●● vitreous humor (function)
Answer: gel-like substance which maintains the shape of the eye
,●● cornea
Answer: transparent,dome shaped layer in which light enters the eye
●● name the 5 layers of the cornea (outer to inner) and functions
Answer: 1. epithelium
2. Bowman's Membrane (protective layer)
3. stroma(makes up 90% of the corneas thickness)
4. Descemet's Membrane(separates the stroma and the endothelium)
5. endothelium(removes water keeping the ocrnea clear)
●● iris
Answer: colored part of the eye that controls the amount of light let into
the pupil
●● dilator muscle
Answer: enlarges the pupil, allowing more light into the eye.
●● sphincter muscle
Answer: closes the iris
●● an iris can range from? (mm)
Answer: 2-8 millimeters
, ●● crystalline lens
Answer: behind the pupil, focuses light on the retina. closer objects need
more crystalline lens power to focus the image
●● accomodation
Answer: the process of focusing on shapes based on their distance.
●● cillary body
Answer: helps achieve accommodation, surrounds the lens
●● zonules
Answer: fibrous strands which attach the lens to the ciliary muscle
●● When the ciliary body contracts...
Answer: The zonules relax allowing the lens to thicken, adding power,
allowing the eye to focus up close.
●● When the ciliary body relaxes...
Answer: the zonules contract drawing lens outward making lens thinner
and allowing eye to focus at distance
●● palpebrae
