BIO 201 EXAM 2 – A&P I – ACTUAL QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
(STRAIGHTERLINE) (UPDATED PDF)
THIS EXAM IS MODELED AFTER THE STRAIGHTERLINE BIO 201 (ANATOMY &
PHYSIOLOGY I) EXAM 2 CURRICULUM. IT COVERS HISTOLOGY (TISSUES), THE
INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM, AND THE SKELETAL SYSTEM (BONE TISSUE AND
GROSS ANATOMY).
BIO 201: Exam 2 – Anatomy & Physiology I
Table of Contents
1. Section 1: Histology (Tissues) – Questions 1-30
2. Section 2: The Integumentary System – Questions 31-55
3. Section 3: Skeletal System: Bone Tissue – Questions 56-80
4. Section 4: Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy & Joints – Questions 81-100
Section 1: Histology (Tissues)
1. Which type of epithelial tissue is found lining the air sacs of the lungs (alveoli)?
• Answer: Simple squamous epithelium.
• Rationale: Simple squamous epithelium is a single layer of flat cells, which allows for
the rapid diffusion of gases.
2. Which cell junction allows for chemical communication between adjacent cells?
• Answer: Gap junctions.
• Rationale: Gap junctions contain protein channels (connexons) that allow ions and small
molecules to pass directly from one cell to another.
3. What is the primary function of adipose tissue?
• Answer: Energy storage, insulation, and protection.
• Rationale: Adipocytes store triglycerides (fats) which serve as fuel reserves and provide
cushioning for organs.
4. Which type of tissue contains a large amount of extracellular matrix?
• Answer: Connective tissue.
, • Rationale: Unlike epithelium, connective tissues are characterized by cells separated by
a matrix of ground substance and fibers.
5. What are the three types of protein fibers found in connective tissue?
• Answer: Collagen, elastic, and reticular fibers.
• Rationale: These fibers provide strength (collagen), flexibility (elastic), and structural
support (reticular).
6. Which gland secretes its product via exocytosis without losing any cellular portion?
• Answer: Merocrine gland.
• Rationale: Merocrine (eccrine) glands release secretions via vesicles; holocrine glands
rupture, and apocrine glands lose a portion of the cell top.
7. Cartilage is unique among connective tissues because it is:
• Answer: Avascular.
• Rationale: Cartilage lacks blood vessels and nerves, which is why it heals very slowly.
8. Which type of muscle tissue is multinucleated and striated?
• Answer: Skeletal muscle.
• Rationale: Skeletal muscle fibers are long, cylindrical, striated, and contain multiple
nuclei located at the periphery.
9. The functional unit of nervous tissue that conducts electrical impulses is the:
• Answer: Neuron.
• Rationale: Neurons are specialized for communication; neuroglia are the supporting
cells.
10. What type of epithelium is found in the urinary bladder?
• Answer: Transitional epithelium.
• Rationale: Transitional epithelium can stretch and recoil to accommodate changes in
bladder volume.
11. Tendons and ligaments are composed of which tissue type?
• Answer: Dense regular connective tissue.
• Rationale: Collagen fibers are arranged in parallel bundles to provide high tensile
strength in one direction.
(STRAIGHTERLINE) (UPDATED PDF)
THIS EXAM IS MODELED AFTER THE STRAIGHTERLINE BIO 201 (ANATOMY &
PHYSIOLOGY I) EXAM 2 CURRICULUM. IT COVERS HISTOLOGY (TISSUES), THE
INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM, AND THE SKELETAL SYSTEM (BONE TISSUE AND
GROSS ANATOMY).
BIO 201: Exam 2 – Anatomy & Physiology I
Table of Contents
1. Section 1: Histology (Tissues) – Questions 1-30
2. Section 2: The Integumentary System – Questions 31-55
3. Section 3: Skeletal System: Bone Tissue – Questions 56-80
4. Section 4: Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy & Joints – Questions 81-100
Section 1: Histology (Tissues)
1. Which type of epithelial tissue is found lining the air sacs of the lungs (alveoli)?
• Answer: Simple squamous epithelium.
• Rationale: Simple squamous epithelium is a single layer of flat cells, which allows for
the rapid diffusion of gases.
2. Which cell junction allows for chemical communication between adjacent cells?
• Answer: Gap junctions.
• Rationale: Gap junctions contain protein channels (connexons) that allow ions and small
molecules to pass directly from one cell to another.
3. What is the primary function of adipose tissue?
• Answer: Energy storage, insulation, and protection.
• Rationale: Adipocytes store triglycerides (fats) which serve as fuel reserves and provide
cushioning for organs.
4. Which type of tissue contains a large amount of extracellular matrix?
• Answer: Connective tissue.
, • Rationale: Unlike epithelium, connective tissues are characterized by cells separated by
a matrix of ground substance and fibers.
5. What are the three types of protein fibers found in connective tissue?
• Answer: Collagen, elastic, and reticular fibers.
• Rationale: These fibers provide strength (collagen), flexibility (elastic), and structural
support (reticular).
6. Which gland secretes its product via exocytosis without losing any cellular portion?
• Answer: Merocrine gland.
• Rationale: Merocrine (eccrine) glands release secretions via vesicles; holocrine glands
rupture, and apocrine glands lose a portion of the cell top.
7. Cartilage is unique among connective tissues because it is:
• Answer: Avascular.
• Rationale: Cartilage lacks blood vessels and nerves, which is why it heals very slowly.
8. Which type of muscle tissue is multinucleated and striated?
• Answer: Skeletal muscle.
• Rationale: Skeletal muscle fibers are long, cylindrical, striated, and contain multiple
nuclei located at the periphery.
9. The functional unit of nervous tissue that conducts electrical impulses is the:
• Answer: Neuron.
• Rationale: Neurons are specialized for communication; neuroglia are the supporting
cells.
10. What type of epithelium is found in the urinary bladder?
• Answer: Transitional epithelium.
• Rationale: Transitional epithelium can stretch and recoil to accommodate changes in
bladder volume.
11. Tendons and ligaments are composed of which tissue type?
• Answer: Dense regular connective tissue.
• Rationale: Collagen fibers are arranged in parallel bundles to provide high tensile
strength in one direction.
