Portage Pathophysiology Module 6 Exam Prep 2026/2027 |
Questions & Correct Answers | Graded A+
1. What type of input do efferent neurons deliver from the CNS?
motor
emotional
cognitive
sensory
2. Efferent neurons transmit signals ...
from the CNS to the PNS
from the PNS to the CNS
3. What is a common diagnostic tool used to confirm neurological conditions
related to facial numbness?
CT scan
X-ray
Ultrasound
MRI
4. The onset of major depressive disorder is common with people in their...
twenties
teens
thirties
fourties
,5. Each of the following statements is true of Parkinson's disease except:
It is characterized by a loss of dopaminergic neurons
Environmental factors alone lead to disease development
It affects the substantia nigra of the brain
Incidence increases with age
6. Describe how blocking the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine can
affect mood and emotional regulation.
It only affects serotonin levels without impacting norepinephrine.
Blocking the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine increases
their availability in the synaptic cleft, which can improve mood and
emotional regulation.
This process has no significant effect on mood but affects physical
health.
Blocking these neurotransmitters leads to decreased mood and
increased anxiety.
7. Which division of the nervous system is responsible for transmitting the
impulses from the CNS (Spinal cord/Brain) to the voluntary and involuntary
structures.
Somatic division
Afferent/Sensory division
Efferent/Motor division
Visceral division
8. If a patient presents with lateral gaze palsy and difficulty in moving their eye
outward, what clinical condition might be suspected, and which cranial nerve
, would you investigate?
A possible lesion affecting the abducens nerve (Cranial Nerve VI)
A possible lesion affecting the trochlear nerve (Cranial Nerve IV)
A possible lesion affecting the optic nerve (Cranial Nerve II)
A possible lesion affecting the oculomotor nerve (Cranial Nerve III)
9. Clinical signs and symptoms of insomnia may include which of the following
options?
Difficulty falling asleep
Awakening throughout the night
Daytime fatigue
All of the above
10. Explain how Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) can help
improve sleep quality in patients with chronic insomnia.
CBT-I is a surgical intervention for sleep apnea.
CBT-I focuses solely on medication management for sleep disorders.
CBT-I promotes the use of sleep aids to enhance sleep quality.
CBT-I addresses the thoughts and behaviors that contribute to
insomnia, helping patients develop healthier sleep habits.
11. What happens to vital signs during stage 1 of NREM sleep?
They remain unchanged.
They increase.
They fluctuate unpredictably.
, They decrease.
12. Describe the changes in vital signs that occur during stage 1 of NREM sleep
and their significance.
Vital signs fluctuate unpredictably during stage 1 of NREM sleep,
indicating instability.
Vital signs remain unchanged during stage 1 of NREM sleep,
reflecting stable physiological function.
During stage 1 of NREM sleep, vital signs typically decrease,
indicating a transition from wakefulness to sleep.
During stage 1 of NREM sleep, vital signs increase, suggesting
heightened alertness.
13. If a patient has a compromised blood-brain barrier, what potential
neurological issues might arise due to astrocyte dysfunction?
Improved recovery from brain injuries.
Enhanced neurotransmitter release leading to seizures.
Decreased inflammation in the central nervous system.
Increased susceptibility to toxins entering the brain.
14. Which of the following is NOT a sleep disturbance associated with
narcolepsy?
excessive daytime sleepiness
sleep paralysis
sleep apnea
cataplexy
Questions & Correct Answers | Graded A+
1. What type of input do efferent neurons deliver from the CNS?
motor
emotional
cognitive
sensory
2. Efferent neurons transmit signals ...
from the CNS to the PNS
from the PNS to the CNS
3. What is a common diagnostic tool used to confirm neurological conditions
related to facial numbness?
CT scan
X-ray
Ultrasound
MRI
4. The onset of major depressive disorder is common with people in their...
twenties
teens
thirties
fourties
,5. Each of the following statements is true of Parkinson's disease except:
It is characterized by a loss of dopaminergic neurons
Environmental factors alone lead to disease development
It affects the substantia nigra of the brain
Incidence increases with age
6. Describe how blocking the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine can
affect mood and emotional regulation.
It only affects serotonin levels without impacting norepinephrine.
Blocking the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine increases
their availability in the synaptic cleft, which can improve mood and
emotional regulation.
This process has no significant effect on mood but affects physical
health.
Blocking these neurotransmitters leads to decreased mood and
increased anxiety.
7. Which division of the nervous system is responsible for transmitting the
impulses from the CNS (Spinal cord/Brain) to the voluntary and involuntary
structures.
Somatic division
Afferent/Sensory division
Efferent/Motor division
Visceral division
8. If a patient presents with lateral gaze palsy and difficulty in moving their eye
outward, what clinical condition might be suspected, and which cranial nerve
, would you investigate?
A possible lesion affecting the abducens nerve (Cranial Nerve VI)
A possible lesion affecting the trochlear nerve (Cranial Nerve IV)
A possible lesion affecting the optic nerve (Cranial Nerve II)
A possible lesion affecting the oculomotor nerve (Cranial Nerve III)
9. Clinical signs and symptoms of insomnia may include which of the following
options?
Difficulty falling asleep
Awakening throughout the night
Daytime fatigue
All of the above
10. Explain how Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) can help
improve sleep quality in patients with chronic insomnia.
CBT-I is a surgical intervention for sleep apnea.
CBT-I focuses solely on medication management for sleep disorders.
CBT-I promotes the use of sleep aids to enhance sleep quality.
CBT-I addresses the thoughts and behaviors that contribute to
insomnia, helping patients develop healthier sleep habits.
11. What happens to vital signs during stage 1 of NREM sleep?
They remain unchanged.
They increase.
They fluctuate unpredictably.
, They decrease.
12. Describe the changes in vital signs that occur during stage 1 of NREM sleep
and their significance.
Vital signs fluctuate unpredictably during stage 1 of NREM sleep,
indicating instability.
Vital signs remain unchanged during stage 1 of NREM sleep,
reflecting stable physiological function.
During stage 1 of NREM sleep, vital signs typically decrease,
indicating a transition from wakefulness to sleep.
During stage 1 of NREM sleep, vital signs increase, suggesting
heightened alertness.
13. If a patient has a compromised blood-brain barrier, what potential
neurological issues might arise due to astrocyte dysfunction?
Improved recovery from brain injuries.
Enhanced neurotransmitter release leading to seizures.
Decreased inflammation in the central nervous system.
Increased susceptibility to toxins entering the brain.
14. Which of the following is NOT a sleep disturbance associated with
narcolepsy?
excessive daytime sleepiness
sleep paralysis
sleep apnea
cataplexy
