Milady Nail Disorders & Diseases EXAM QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT VERIFIED SOLUTIONS LATEST UPDATE THIS YEAR –
JUST RELEASED
Milady Nail Disorders & Diseases
I. Nail Plate Conditions & Disorders
Question 1: A normal, healthy nail is firm but flexible and should be ________.
A) Smooth and unspotted
B) Uneven with few ridges
C) Long with a satin finish
D) Short and opaque
Answer: A) Smooth and unspotted
Rationale: A normal, healthy nail is firm but flexible, and its surface is shiny, smooth, and
unspotted with no wavy ridges, pits, or splits. It is whitish and translucent in appearance, with
the pinkish color of the nail bed showing through.
Question 2: If a client has ridges running vertically down the length of the natural nail plate, it is
recommended that you ______.
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A) Aggressively file the nail plate
B) Carefully buff the nail plate
C) Thin the nail plate
D) Remove the free edge
Answer: B) Carefully buff the nail plate
Rationale: Vertical ridges running the length of the nail plate are a common occurrence, often
due to normal aging. It is safe to carefully buff the nail plate to smooth out these ridges.
Question 3: The medical term for fungal infections of the feet is _________.
A) Tinea pathogenic
B) Tinea pedis
C) Tinea alopecia
D) Paronychia
Answer: B) Tinea pedis
Rationale: The medical term for a fungal infection of the feet, commonly known as athlete's
foot, is Tinea pedis. It is characterized by a red, itchy rash on the bottom of the feet and/or
between the toes.
Question 4: A typical pseudomonal bacteria infection on the nail plate can be identified in the
early stages as a _______ spot that becomes darker in its advanced stages.
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A) Orange-red
B) White-gray
C) Blue-green
D) Light-green
Answer: D) Light-green
Rationale: A Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacterial infection, also known as "greenies," is
identifiable in its early stages as a light-green spot on the nail plate that becomes darker in its
advanced stages.
Question 5: The separation and falling off of a nail plate from the nail bed is ______.
A) Onychia
B) Paronychia
C) Onychomadesis
D) Pyogenic granuloma
Answer: C) Onychomadesis
Rationale: Onychomadesis is the separation and falling off of a nail plate from the nail bed,
affecting fingernails and toenails.
Question 6: Onychorrexis is caused by injury to the matrix, excessive use of cuticle removers,
harsh cleaning agents, aggressive filing techniques, or _________.
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A) Illness
B) Heredity
C) Allergies
D) Improper nutrition
Answer: B) Heredity
Rationale: Onychorrhexis, characterized by split or brittle nails with a series of lengthwise
ridges, is caused by heredity, injury to the matrix, excessive use of cuticle removers, harsh
cleaning agents, or aggressive filing techniques.
Question 7: Tiny pits or severe roughness on the nail plate surface are signs of what condition?
A) Paronychia
B) Onychocryptosis
C) Nail psoriasis
D) Onychomycosis
Answer: C) Nail psoriasis
Rationale: Tiny pits, roughness, and reddish spots on the nail bed are signs of nail psoriasis. This
is a noninfectious condition that affects the surface of the natural nail plate.
Question 8: The term _______ refers to a condition caused by injury, hereditary, or previous
disease of the nail unit.