NSG 3160 Final Exam V1 | NSG 3160 Health
Assessment | Actual Q&A with Rationale (NSG3160
Final Exam) | Galen
1. When auscultating the heart, the nurse identifies the S1 sound. Which physiological event
is primarily responsible for this sound?
A. Closure of the semilunar valves
B. Closure of the atrioventricular valves
C. Opening of the aortic valve
D. Rapid filling of the ventricles
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: The S1 heart sound corresponds to the closure of the mitral and tricuspid
valves, collectively known as the atrioventricular valves. This event signals the beginning of
systole and is typically loudest at the apex of the heart. The closure occurs when
ventricular pressure exceeds atrial pressure at the start of contraction.
2. The nurse is assessing a patient for clinical manifestations of dehydration. Which findings
should the nurse expect? (Select All That Apply)
A. Dry mucous membranes
B. Pitting edema in the lower extremities
C. Decreased skin turgor with tenting
,D. Increased heart rate (tachycardia)
E. Dark-colored, concentrated urine
Correct Answer: A, C, D, E
Explanation: Dehydration leads to a decrease in total body water, which manifests as dry
oral mucosa and poor skin elasticity. The body compensates for reduced circulating volume
by increasing the heart rate to maintain cardiac output. Additionally, the kidneys conserve
water, leading to highly concentrated urine that appears dark in color.
3. A patient reports pain in the right lower quadrant. Using the PQRSTU mnemonic for pain
assessment, which question addresses the ‘P’ component?
A. Where exactly does the pain occur?
B. What does the pain feel like?
C. What makes the pain better or worse?
D. On a scale of 0 to 10, how severe is the pain?
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The ‘P’ in PQRSTU stands for Provocative or Palliative factors, which involve
identifying what triggers or relieves the pain. This helps the clinician understand the
nature of the condition and potential treatment responses. Other components include
Quality, Region/Radiation, Severity, Timing, and the patient’s Understanding.
, 4. During an abdominal assessment, the nurse performs percussion over the liver. Which
sound should the nurse anticipate hearing?
A. Tympany
B. Hyperresonance
C. Resonance
D. Dullness
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Dullness is the characteristic percussion sound heard over dense organs such
as the liver or a full bladder. In contrast, tympany is heard over air-filled structures like the
stomach or intestines. Resonance is the expected sound over healthy lung tissue, while
hyperresonance indicates trapped air.
5. The nurse asks a patient to smile, frown, and puff out their cheeks. Which cranial nerve is
being evaluated?
A. Cranial Nerve V (Trigeminal)
B. Cranial Nerve XII (Hypoglossal)
C. Cranial Nerve X (Vagus)
D. Cranial Nerve VII (Facial)
Correct Answer: D
Assessment | Actual Q&A with Rationale (NSG3160
Final Exam) | Galen
1. When auscultating the heart, the nurse identifies the S1 sound. Which physiological event
is primarily responsible for this sound?
A. Closure of the semilunar valves
B. Closure of the atrioventricular valves
C. Opening of the aortic valve
D. Rapid filling of the ventricles
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: The S1 heart sound corresponds to the closure of the mitral and tricuspid
valves, collectively known as the atrioventricular valves. This event signals the beginning of
systole and is typically loudest at the apex of the heart. The closure occurs when
ventricular pressure exceeds atrial pressure at the start of contraction.
2. The nurse is assessing a patient for clinical manifestations of dehydration. Which findings
should the nurse expect? (Select All That Apply)
A. Dry mucous membranes
B. Pitting edema in the lower extremities
C. Decreased skin turgor with tenting
,D. Increased heart rate (tachycardia)
E. Dark-colored, concentrated urine
Correct Answer: A, C, D, E
Explanation: Dehydration leads to a decrease in total body water, which manifests as dry
oral mucosa and poor skin elasticity. The body compensates for reduced circulating volume
by increasing the heart rate to maintain cardiac output. Additionally, the kidneys conserve
water, leading to highly concentrated urine that appears dark in color.
3. A patient reports pain in the right lower quadrant. Using the PQRSTU mnemonic for pain
assessment, which question addresses the ‘P’ component?
A. Where exactly does the pain occur?
B. What does the pain feel like?
C. What makes the pain better or worse?
D. On a scale of 0 to 10, how severe is the pain?
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The ‘P’ in PQRSTU stands for Provocative or Palliative factors, which involve
identifying what triggers or relieves the pain. This helps the clinician understand the
nature of the condition and potential treatment responses. Other components include
Quality, Region/Radiation, Severity, Timing, and the patient’s Understanding.
, 4. During an abdominal assessment, the nurse performs percussion over the liver. Which
sound should the nurse anticipate hearing?
A. Tympany
B. Hyperresonance
C. Resonance
D. Dullness
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Dullness is the characteristic percussion sound heard over dense organs such
as the liver or a full bladder. In contrast, tympany is heard over air-filled structures like the
stomach or intestines. Resonance is the expected sound over healthy lung tissue, while
hyperresonance indicates trapped air.
5. The nurse asks a patient to smile, frown, and puff out their cheeks. Which cranial nerve is
being evaluated?
A. Cranial Nerve V (Trigeminal)
B. Cranial Nerve XII (Hypoglossal)
C. Cranial Nerve X (Vagus)
D. Cranial Nerve VII (Facial)
Correct Answer: D
