Comprehensive Sport Science Notes: Nutrition, Injuries & Supplements
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jn73tt
1. What are macronutrients? Nutrients the body needs in large amounts to provide
energy and support growth, repair, and bodily functions.
2. Name the three macronutrients. Carbohydrates, Proteins, and Fats.
3. What is the main function of pro- Builds, repairs, and maintains muscle tissue; supports re-
tein in sports? covery after training.
4. List three food sources of pro- Chicken, eggs, fish, lean beef, legumes, dairy, tofu.
tein.
5. What deficiency effect is associ- Muscle wasting/atrophy, slow recovery, increased injury
ated with low protein intake? risk.
6. What is the primary energy Carbohydrates.
source during exercise?
7. Where are carbohydrates stored As glycogen in the liver and muscles.
in the body?
8. What is a key effect of carbohy- Fatigue, poor concentration, reduced performance.
drate deficiency?
9. What role do fats play in the Long-term energy source, insulates the body, protects or-
body? gans, enables absorption of fat-soluble vitamins.
10. List two food sources of healthy Avocado, nuts, seeds, olive oil, fatty fish.
fats.
11. What are micronutrients? Nutrients needed in small amounts that are essential for
normal body function and athletic performance.
12. What is the role of iron in athletic Component of hemoglobin that carries oxygen to working
performance? muscles.
, Comprehensive Sport Science Notes: Nutrition, Injuries & Supplements
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jn73tt
13. What are symptoms of iron defi- Extreme fatigue, shortness of breath, dizziness, pale skin.
ciency in athletes?
14. What is the main function of Vit- Promotes calcium absorption and supports bone health.
amin D?
15. How is Vitamin D produced in the By exposure to sunlight.
body?
16. What is the significance of calci- Builds and maintains strong bones and teeth; essential for
um for athletes? muscle contraction.
17. What is a tear in the context of Damage to muscle fibers (strain) or ligament/tendon
sports injuries? fibers (sprain) caused by overstretching or excessive force.
18. What are the three grades of Grade 1: Microscopic tears, Grade 2: Partial tear, Grade 3:
tears? Complete rupture.
19. What is the pain level associated Mild — dull ache that worsens with activity.
with a Grade 1 tear?
20. Can an athlete continue playing Yes, with some discomfort.
with a Grade 1 tear?
21. What is the swelling level in a Moderate bruising and swelling.
Grade 2 tear?
22. What is the recommended ac- Advised to stop and rest.
tion for a Grade 2 tear?
23. What is the pain level for a Grade Severe — often initial numbness then intense pain.
3 tear?
24. Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation.
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jn73tt
1. What are macronutrients? Nutrients the body needs in large amounts to provide
energy and support growth, repair, and bodily functions.
2. Name the three macronutrients. Carbohydrates, Proteins, and Fats.
3. What is the main function of pro- Builds, repairs, and maintains muscle tissue; supports re-
tein in sports? covery after training.
4. List three food sources of pro- Chicken, eggs, fish, lean beef, legumes, dairy, tofu.
tein.
5. What deficiency effect is associ- Muscle wasting/atrophy, slow recovery, increased injury
ated with low protein intake? risk.
6. What is the primary energy Carbohydrates.
source during exercise?
7. Where are carbohydrates stored As glycogen in the liver and muscles.
in the body?
8. What is a key effect of carbohy- Fatigue, poor concentration, reduced performance.
drate deficiency?
9. What role do fats play in the Long-term energy source, insulates the body, protects or-
body? gans, enables absorption of fat-soluble vitamins.
10. List two food sources of healthy Avocado, nuts, seeds, olive oil, fatty fish.
fats.
11. What are micronutrients? Nutrients needed in small amounts that are essential for
normal body function and athletic performance.
12. What is the role of iron in athletic Component of hemoglobin that carries oxygen to working
performance? muscles.
, Comprehensive Sport Science Notes: Nutrition, Injuries & Supplements
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jn73tt
13. What are symptoms of iron defi- Extreme fatigue, shortness of breath, dizziness, pale skin.
ciency in athletes?
14. What is the main function of Vit- Promotes calcium absorption and supports bone health.
amin D?
15. How is Vitamin D produced in the By exposure to sunlight.
body?
16. What is the significance of calci- Builds and maintains strong bones and teeth; essential for
um for athletes? muscle contraction.
17. What is a tear in the context of Damage to muscle fibers (strain) or ligament/tendon
sports injuries? fibers (sprain) caused by overstretching or excessive force.
18. What are the three grades of Grade 1: Microscopic tears, Grade 2: Partial tear, Grade 3:
tears? Complete rupture.
19. What is the pain level associated Mild — dull ache that worsens with activity.
with a Grade 1 tear?
20. Can an athlete continue playing Yes, with some discomfort.
with a Grade 1 tear?
21. What is the swelling level in a Moderate bruising and swelling.
Grade 2 tear?
22. What is the recommended ac- Advised to stop and rest.
tion for a Grade 2 tear?
23. What is the pain level for a Grade Severe — often initial numbness then intense pain.
3 tear?
24. Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation.
