BIOD 121 MODULE 1 EXAM (2023/2024) NEWEST QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS ESSENTIALS IN NUTRITION PORTAGE
LEARNING
This comprehensive exam is designed based on the BIOD 121 (Portage Learning)
Module 1 curriculum, focusing on the fundamentals of nutrition, nutrient classes,
energy calculations, and the factors influencing food choices.
Table of Contents
1. Section 1: Foundations of Nutrition & Nutrient Classes (Questions 1–20)
2. Section 2: Energy Yields & Nutritional Math (Questions 21–35)
3. Section 3: Hunger, Appetite, and Food Choices (Questions 36–50)
4. Section 4: The American Diet & Health Goals (Questions 51–60)
5. Section 5: Nutritional Status & Scientific Research (Questions 61–75)
Section 1: Foundations of Nutrition & Nutrient Classes
1. Which of the following is the best definition of nutrition?
• Answer: The science that links foods to health and disease.
• Rationale: Nutrition involves the processes by which an organism ingests, digests,
absorbs, transports, uses, and excretes food substances.
2. What are the six classes of nutrients found in food?
• Answer: Carbohydrates, Lipids (Fats), Proteins, Vitamins, Minerals, and Water.
• Rationale: These six classes are essential for growth, maintenance, and repair of body
tissues.
3. Which of the following are considered macronutrients?
• Answer: Carbohydrates, Proteins, and Lipids.
• Rationale: Macronutrients are needed in large amounts (grams) and provide energy
(except for water, which is also technically a macro but non-energy yielding).
, 4. True or False: Micronutrients provide the body with energy.
• Answer: False.
• Rationale: Vitamins and minerals (micronutrients) are essential for metabolic processes
but do not contain calories/energy.
5. What is the primary function of carbohydrates?
• Answer: To provide energy for the body.
• Rationale: Carbohydrates are the preferred fuel source for the brain and physical activity.
6. Which nutrient class is composed of amino acids?
• Answer: Proteins.
• Rationale: Proteins are made of chains of amino acids and are vital for structure and
enzyme function.
7. Lipids are unique because they are:
• Answer: Insoluble in water.
• Rationale: Chemically, lipids (fats/oils) do not dissolve in water; they are the most
energy-dense nutrient.
8. Which of the following is a water-soluble vitamin?
• Answer: Vitamin C (or B-vitamins).
• Rationale: Vitamin C and B-complex vitamins dissolve in water and are excreted if
consumed in excess.
9. Which of the following are fat-soluble vitamins?
• Answer: Vitamins A, D, E, and K.
• Rationale: These vitamins require fat for absorption and can be stored in the body’s
adipose tissue.
10. What is an "essential" nutrient?
• Answer: A nutrient that the body cannot make (or make enough of) and must be obtained
from the diet.
• Rationale: If an essential nutrient is omitted, biological function declines.
11. Which nutrient makes up approximately 60% of the human body?
• Answer: Water.
AND ANSWERS ESSENTIALS IN NUTRITION PORTAGE
LEARNING
This comprehensive exam is designed based on the BIOD 121 (Portage Learning)
Module 1 curriculum, focusing on the fundamentals of nutrition, nutrient classes,
energy calculations, and the factors influencing food choices.
Table of Contents
1. Section 1: Foundations of Nutrition & Nutrient Classes (Questions 1–20)
2. Section 2: Energy Yields & Nutritional Math (Questions 21–35)
3. Section 3: Hunger, Appetite, and Food Choices (Questions 36–50)
4. Section 4: The American Diet & Health Goals (Questions 51–60)
5. Section 5: Nutritional Status & Scientific Research (Questions 61–75)
Section 1: Foundations of Nutrition & Nutrient Classes
1. Which of the following is the best definition of nutrition?
• Answer: The science that links foods to health and disease.
• Rationale: Nutrition involves the processes by which an organism ingests, digests,
absorbs, transports, uses, and excretes food substances.
2. What are the six classes of nutrients found in food?
• Answer: Carbohydrates, Lipids (Fats), Proteins, Vitamins, Minerals, and Water.
• Rationale: These six classes are essential for growth, maintenance, and repair of body
tissues.
3. Which of the following are considered macronutrients?
• Answer: Carbohydrates, Proteins, and Lipids.
• Rationale: Macronutrients are needed in large amounts (grams) and provide energy
(except for water, which is also technically a macro but non-energy yielding).
, 4. True or False: Micronutrients provide the body with energy.
• Answer: False.
• Rationale: Vitamins and minerals (micronutrients) are essential for metabolic processes
but do not contain calories/energy.
5. What is the primary function of carbohydrates?
• Answer: To provide energy for the body.
• Rationale: Carbohydrates are the preferred fuel source for the brain and physical activity.
6. Which nutrient class is composed of amino acids?
• Answer: Proteins.
• Rationale: Proteins are made of chains of amino acids and are vital for structure and
enzyme function.
7. Lipids are unique because they are:
• Answer: Insoluble in water.
• Rationale: Chemically, lipids (fats/oils) do not dissolve in water; they are the most
energy-dense nutrient.
8. Which of the following is a water-soluble vitamin?
• Answer: Vitamin C (or B-vitamins).
• Rationale: Vitamin C and B-complex vitamins dissolve in water and are excreted if
consumed in excess.
9. Which of the following are fat-soluble vitamins?
• Answer: Vitamins A, D, E, and K.
• Rationale: These vitamins require fat for absorption and can be stored in the body’s
adipose tissue.
10. What is an "essential" nutrient?
• Answer: A nutrient that the body cannot make (or make enough of) and must be obtained
from the diet.
• Rationale: If an essential nutrient is omitted, biological function declines.
11. Which nutrient makes up approximately 60% of the human body?
• Answer: Water.
