NSG 4100 Exam 1 (New 2026/ 2027
Update) ADULT HEALTH Questions &
Answers {Grade A} 100% Correct (Verified
Solutions)- GALEN
The nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results for a client with bladder cancer with
bone metastasis. The nurse should contact the health care provider (HCP) if which
finding is noted?
1.Calcium level of 15 mg/dL (3.75 mmol/L)
2.Potassium level of 3.8 mEq/L (3.8 mmol/L)
3.Platelet count of 200,000 mm3 (200 × 109/L)
4.White blood cell (WBC) count of 6000 mm3 (6 × 109/L) - Correct answer 1
Rationale:Hypercalcemia is a serum calcium level greater than 10.5 mg/dL (2.6
mmol/L). It most often occurs in clients who have bone metastasis and is a late
manifestation of extensive malignancy. The presence of cancer in the bone causes the
bone to release calcium into the bloodstream. Hypercalcemia is an oncological
emergency, and the HCP needs to be notified. Options 2, 3, and 4 indicate normal
laboratory values.
,A client is admitted to the hospital with suspected bladder cancer. The nurse assesses
the client for which early signs and symptoms of the disease?
1.Proteinuria and dysuria
2.Hematuria and absence of pain
3.Painful urination and hematuria
4.Pyuria and palpable abdominal mass - Correct answer 2
Rationale:The most common earliest manifestation of bladder cancer is hematuria that
is not accompanied by pain. The hematuria is intermittent at first. Later signs and
symptoms include hematuria with dysuria and frequency because of bladder irritation.
Pyuria and proteinuria are not part of the clinical picture. A mass usually is not
palpable.
The nurse is reviewing the preoperative prescriptions for a client with a colon tumor
who is scheduled for abdominal perineal resection and notes that the health care
provider has prescribed neomycin for the client. After discussing a prescription for
neomycin with the nursing student who is caring for the client, the nurse determines
,that the student understands the rationale for administration if which statement is
made?
1."The client is allergic to penicillin."
2."It will help to decrease the bacteria in the bowel."
3."It is given to prevent an immune dysfunction postoperatively."
4."It is given because the client has an infection that must be treated prior to surgery."
- Correct answer 2
Rationale:To reduce the risk of contamination at the time of surgery, the surgeon may
prescribe that the bowel is emptied and cleansed. Laxatives and enemas may be
prescribed to empty the bowel. An intestinal anti-infective such as neomycin may also
be prescribed to decrease the bacteria in the bowel. There are no data in the question
that indicate that the client has an infection or is allergic to penicillin. The medication
does not prevent immune dysfunction.
The oncology nurse is providing a teaching session for a group of nursing students
regarding the risks and causes of bladder cancer. Which statement by a student would
indicate a need for further teaching?
, 1."Bladder cancer most often occurs in women."
2."Using cigarettes and drinking coffee can increase the risk."
3."Bladder cancer generally is seen in clients older than age 40."
4."Environmental health hazards have been implicated as a cause." - Correct answer 1
Rationale:The incidence of bladder cancer is greater in men than in women and affects
white people twice as often as black people. The remaining options describe risks
associated with bladder cancer.
The nurse is caring for a client after intravesical instillation of an alkylating
chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of bladder cancer. What should the nurse
instruct the client to do after the instillation?
1.Urinate immediately.
2.Maintain strict bed rest.
3.Change position every 15 minutes.
4.Retain the instillation fluid for 30 minutes. - Correct answer 3
Update) ADULT HEALTH Questions &
Answers {Grade A} 100% Correct (Verified
Solutions)- GALEN
The nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results for a client with bladder cancer with
bone metastasis. The nurse should contact the health care provider (HCP) if which
finding is noted?
1.Calcium level of 15 mg/dL (3.75 mmol/L)
2.Potassium level of 3.8 mEq/L (3.8 mmol/L)
3.Platelet count of 200,000 mm3 (200 × 109/L)
4.White blood cell (WBC) count of 6000 mm3 (6 × 109/L) - Correct answer 1
Rationale:Hypercalcemia is a serum calcium level greater than 10.5 mg/dL (2.6
mmol/L). It most often occurs in clients who have bone metastasis and is a late
manifestation of extensive malignancy. The presence of cancer in the bone causes the
bone to release calcium into the bloodstream. Hypercalcemia is an oncological
emergency, and the HCP needs to be notified. Options 2, 3, and 4 indicate normal
laboratory values.
,A client is admitted to the hospital with suspected bladder cancer. The nurse assesses
the client for which early signs and symptoms of the disease?
1.Proteinuria and dysuria
2.Hematuria and absence of pain
3.Painful urination and hematuria
4.Pyuria and palpable abdominal mass - Correct answer 2
Rationale:The most common earliest manifestation of bladder cancer is hematuria that
is not accompanied by pain. The hematuria is intermittent at first. Later signs and
symptoms include hematuria with dysuria and frequency because of bladder irritation.
Pyuria and proteinuria are not part of the clinical picture. A mass usually is not
palpable.
The nurse is reviewing the preoperative prescriptions for a client with a colon tumor
who is scheduled for abdominal perineal resection and notes that the health care
provider has prescribed neomycin for the client. After discussing a prescription for
neomycin with the nursing student who is caring for the client, the nurse determines
,that the student understands the rationale for administration if which statement is
made?
1."The client is allergic to penicillin."
2."It will help to decrease the bacteria in the bowel."
3."It is given to prevent an immune dysfunction postoperatively."
4."It is given because the client has an infection that must be treated prior to surgery."
- Correct answer 2
Rationale:To reduce the risk of contamination at the time of surgery, the surgeon may
prescribe that the bowel is emptied and cleansed. Laxatives and enemas may be
prescribed to empty the bowel. An intestinal anti-infective such as neomycin may also
be prescribed to decrease the bacteria in the bowel. There are no data in the question
that indicate that the client has an infection or is allergic to penicillin. The medication
does not prevent immune dysfunction.
The oncology nurse is providing a teaching session for a group of nursing students
regarding the risks and causes of bladder cancer. Which statement by a student would
indicate a need for further teaching?
, 1."Bladder cancer most often occurs in women."
2."Using cigarettes and drinking coffee can increase the risk."
3."Bladder cancer generally is seen in clients older than age 40."
4."Environmental health hazards have been implicated as a cause." - Correct answer 1
Rationale:The incidence of bladder cancer is greater in men than in women and affects
white people twice as often as black people. The remaining options describe risks
associated with bladder cancer.
The nurse is caring for a client after intravesical instillation of an alkylating
chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of bladder cancer. What should the nurse
instruct the client to do after the instillation?
1.Urinate immediately.
2.Maintain strict bed rest.
3.Change position every 15 minutes.
4.Retain the instillation fluid for 30 minutes. - Correct answer 3
