NSG 4100 Exam 2 (New 2026/ 2027
Update) ADULT HEALTH Questions &
Answers {Grade A} 100% Correct (Verified
Solutions)- GALEN
The nurse is caring for a client admitted to the hospital with uncontrolled type 1
diabetes mellitus. In the event that diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) does occur, the nurse
anticipates that which medication would most likely be prescribed?
1.Glucagon
2.Glyburide
3.Regular insulin
4.Neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin - Correct answer 3
Rationale:Giving regular insulin by the intravenous route is the treatment of choice for
DKA. A short-acting insulin is the only insulin that can be given intravenously because
it can be titrated to the client's blood glucose levels. Glucagon is used to treat
hypoglycemia because it increases blood glucose levels, and glyburide is an oral
hypoglycemic agent used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus; both agents are
,inappropriate. NPH insulin is an intermediate-acting insulin and therefore is not
appropriate for treatment of DKA.
A nurse is providing home care instructions to a client with a diagnosis of Addison's
disease. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further instruction?
1."I need to wear a MedicAlert bracelet."
2."I need to purchase a travel kit that contains cortisone."
3."I will need to take daily medications until my symptoms decrease."
4."I need an increased dose of glucocorticoid medication during stressful minor
illnesses." - Correct answer 3
Rationale:Client teaching includes the need for lifelong daily medications. The client
also is instructed to carry or wear a medical identification card or bracelet. A travel kit
will need to be purchased. It should contain oral cortisone along with intramuscular
preparations for self-injection and intravenous vials for emergency injection by a
health care provider. Increased glucocorticoid dosage during stressful minor illnesses
will be necessary.
,A nurse is reviewing the assessment findings and laboratory data for a client with the
syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). The nurse
understands that which symptoms are associated characteristics of this disorder?
Select all that apply.
1.Hypernatremia
2.Signs of water deficit
3.High urine osmolality
4.Low serum osmolality
5.Hypotonicity of body fluids
6.Continued release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) - Correct answer 3, 4, 5, 6
Rationale:SIADH is characterized by inappropriate continued release of ADH. This
results in water intoxication, manifested as fluid volume expansion, hypotonicity of
body fluids, and hyponatremia as a result of the high urine osmolality and low serum
osmolality.
, A nurse is reviewing the assessment findings for a client who was admitted to the
hospital with a diagnosis of diabetes insipidus. The nurse understands that which
manifestations are associated with this disorder? Select all that apply.
1.Polyuria
2.Polydipsia
3.Concentrated urine
4.Complaints of excessive thirst
5.Specific gravity lower than 1.005 - Correct answer 1, 2, 4, 5
Rationale:A triad of clinical symptoms-polyuria, polydipsia, and excessive thirst-often
occurs suddenly in the client with diabetes insipidus. The urine is dilute, with a specific
gravity lower than 1.005, and the urine osmolality is low (50 to 200 mOsm/L).
A client has been hospitalized for impaired function of the posterior pituitary gland. The
nurse plans to monitor for signs and symptoms of which hormone imbalance?
1.Growth hormone (GH)
2.Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Update) ADULT HEALTH Questions &
Answers {Grade A} 100% Correct (Verified
Solutions)- GALEN
The nurse is caring for a client admitted to the hospital with uncontrolled type 1
diabetes mellitus. In the event that diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) does occur, the nurse
anticipates that which medication would most likely be prescribed?
1.Glucagon
2.Glyburide
3.Regular insulin
4.Neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin - Correct answer 3
Rationale:Giving regular insulin by the intravenous route is the treatment of choice for
DKA. A short-acting insulin is the only insulin that can be given intravenously because
it can be titrated to the client's blood glucose levels. Glucagon is used to treat
hypoglycemia because it increases blood glucose levels, and glyburide is an oral
hypoglycemic agent used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus; both agents are
,inappropriate. NPH insulin is an intermediate-acting insulin and therefore is not
appropriate for treatment of DKA.
A nurse is providing home care instructions to a client with a diagnosis of Addison's
disease. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further instruction?
1."I need to wear a MedicAlert bracelet."
2."I need to purchase a travel kit that contains cortisone."
3."I will need to take daily medications until my symptoms decrease."
4."I need an increased dose of glucocorticoid medication during stressful minor
illnesses." - Correct answer 3
Rationale:Client teaching includes the need for lifelong daily medications. The client
also is instructed to carry or wear a medical identification card or bracelet. A travel kit
will need to be purchased. It should contain oral cortisone along with intramuscular
preparations for self-injection and intravenous vials for emergency injection by a
health care provider. Increased glucocorticoid dosage during stressful minor illnesses
will be necessary.
,A nurse is reviewing the assessment findings and laboratory data for a client with the
syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). The nurse
understands that which symptoms are associated characteristics of this disorder?
Select all that apply.
1.Hypernatremia
2.Signs of water deficit
3.High urine osmolality
4.Low serum osmolality
5.Hypotonicity of body fluids
6.Continued release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) - Correct answer 3, 4, 5, 6
Rationale:SIADH is characterized by inappropriate continued release of ADH. This
results in water intoxication, manifested as fluid volume expansion, hypotonicity of
body fluids, and hyponatremia as a result of the high urine osmolality and low serum
osmolality.
, A nurse is reviewing the assessment findings for a client who was admitted to the
hospital with a diagnosis of diabetes insipidus. The nurse understands that which
manifestations are associated with this disorder? Select all that apply.
1.Polyuria
2.Polydipsia
3.Concentrated urine
4.Complaints of excessive thirst
5.Specific gravity lower than 1.005 - Correct answer 1, 2, 4, 5
Rationale:A triad of clinical symptoms-polyuria, polydipsia, and excessive thirst-often
occurs suddenly in the client with diabetes insipidus. The urine is dilute, with a specific
gravity lower than 1.005, and the urine osmolality is low (50 to 200 mOsm/L).
A client has been hospitalized for impaired function of the posterior pituitary gland. The
nurse plans to monitor for signs and symptoms of which hormone imbalance?
1.Growth hormone (GH)
2.Luteinizing hormone (LH)
