EXPLORING MEDICAL LANGUAGE - CHAPTER 5
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM AND INTRODUCTION TO
DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES AND TESTS|COMPLETE
STUDY GUIDE WITH 100% ACCURATE QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS | ACE EVERY TEST | GUARANTEED
EXCELLENCE.
nose Answer: lined with mucous membrane and fine hairs; it acts as a filter to moisten and
warm the entering air.
nasal septum Answer: partition separating the right and left nasal cavities
paranasal sinuses Answer: air cavities within the cranial bones that open into the nasal cavities
pharynx Answer: serves as a good and air passageway.
adenoids Answer: lymphoid tissue located ion the posterior wall of the nasal cavity. Also
called the pharyngeal tonsils.
tonsils Answer: lymphoid tissue located on the lateral wall at the junction of the oral cavity
and oropharynx.
larynx Answer: location of the vocal cords. Air enters from the pharynx (also called the voice
box)
epiglottis Answer: flap of cartilage that automatically covers the opening of the larynx and
keeps food from entering the larynx during swallowing.
trachea Answer: passage way for air to the bronchi from the larynx (also called the windpipe)
bronchus (pl. bronchi) Answer: one of two branches from the trachea that conducts air into the
lungs, where it divides and subdivides. The branchings resemble a tree; therefore they are
referred to as a bronchial tree.
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,bronchioles Answer: smallest subdivision of the bronchial tree
alveolus (pl. alveoli) Answer: air sacs at the end of the bronchioles. Oxygen and carbon
dioxide are exchanged through the alveolar walls and the capillaries
lungs Answer: two spongelike organs in the thoracic cavity. The tight lung consists of three
lobes and the left lung has two lobes.
pleura Answer: double folded serous membrane covering each lung and lining the thoracic
cavity with a small space between called the pleural cavity which contains serous fluid.
diaphragm Answer: muscular partition that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal
cavity. It aids in the breathing process by contracting and pulling air in, then relaxing and
pushing air out.
mediastinum Answer: space between the lungs. It contains the heart, esophagus, trachea, great
blood vessels, and other structures.
Inhalation Answer: air containing oxygen enters the nose or mouth
pharynx
larynx
trachea
bronchial tree
alveoli
Exhalation Answer: air containing carbon dioxide leaves the alveoli
bronchial tree
trachea
larynx
pharynx
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2
, nose or mouth out
adenoid/o Answer: adenoids
alveol/o Answer: alveolus
bronchi/o, bronch/o Answer: bronchus
diaphragmat/o Answer: diaphragm
phren/o Answer: diaphragm
epiglott/o Answer: epiglottis
laryng/o Answer: larynx
lob/o Answer: lobe
nas/o Answer: nose
rhin/o Answer: nose
pharyng/o Answer: pharynx
pleur/o Answer: pleura
pneum/o, pneumat/o, pneumon/o Answer: lung, air
pulmon/o Answer: lung
sept/o Answer: septum (wall off, fence)
sinus/o Answer: sinus
thorac/o Answer: thorax, chest, chest cavity
tonsill/o Answer: tonsil
trache/o Answer: trachea
atel/o Answer: imperfect, incomplete
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
3
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM AND INTRODUCTION TO
DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES AND TESTS|COMPLETE
STUDY GUIDE WITH 100% ACCURATE QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS | ACE EVERY TEST | GUARANTEED
EXCELLENCE.
nose Answer: lined with mucous membrane and fine hairs; it acts as a filter to moisten and
warm the entering air.
nasal septum Answer: partition separating the right and left nasal cavities
paranasal sinuses Answer: air cavities within the cranial bones that open into the nasal cavities
pharynx Answer: serves as a good and air passageway.
adenoids Answer: lymphoid tissue located ion the posterior wall of the nasal cavity. Also
called the pharyngeal tonsils.
tonsils Answer: lymphoid tissue located on the lateral wall at the junction of the oral cavity
and oropharynx.
larynx Answer: location of the vocal cords. Air enters from the pharynx (also called the voice
box)
epiglottis Answer: flap of cartilage that automatically covers the opening of the larynx and
keeps food from entering the larynx during swallowing.
trachea Answer: passage way for air to the bronchi from the larynx (also called the windpipe)
bronchus (pl. bronchi) Answer: one of two branches from the trachea that conducts air into the
lungs, where it divides and subdivides. The branchings resemble a tree; therefore they are
referred to as a bronchial tree.
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
1
,bronchioles Answer: smallest subdivision of the bronchial tree
alveolus (pl. alveoli) Answer: air sacs at the end of the bronchioles. Oxygen and carbon
dioxide are exchanged through the alveolar walls and the capillaries
lungs Answer: two spongelike organs in the thoracic cavity. The tight lung consists of three
lobes and the left lung has two lobes.
pleura Answer: double folded serous membrane covering each lung and lining the thoracic
cavity with a small space between called the pleural cavity which contains serous fluid.
diaphragm Answer: muscular partition that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal
cavity. It aids in the breathing process by contracting and pulling air in, then relaxing and
pushing air out.
mediastinum Answer: space between the lungs. It contains the heart, esophagus, trachea, great
blood vessels, and other structures.
Inhalation Answer: air containing oxygen enters the nose or mouth
pharynx
larynx
trachea
bronchial tree
alveoli
Exhalation Answer: air containing carbon dioxide leaves the alveoli
bronchial tree
trachea
larynx
pharynx
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
2
, nose or mouth out
adenoid/o Answer: adenoids
alveol/o Answer: alveolus
bronchi/o, bronch/o Answer: bronchus
diaphragmat/o Answer: diaphragm
phren/o Answer: diaphragm
epiglott/o Answer: epiglottis
laryng/o Answer: larynx
lob/o Answer: lobe
nas/o Answer: nose
rhin/o Answer: nose
pharyng/o Answer: pharynx
pleur/o Answer: pleura
pneum/o, pneumat/o, pneumon/o Answer: lung, air
pulmon/o Answer: lung
sept/o Answer: septum (wall off, fence)
sinus/o Answer: sinus
thorac/o Answer: thorax, chest, chest cavity
tonsill/o Answer: tonsil
trache/o Answer: trachea
atel/o Answer: imperfect, incomplete
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
3
