MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY CHAPTER 11: DIGESTIVE
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mouth Answer: opening through which food passes into the body
tongue Answer: consists mostly of skeletal muscles; attached in the posterior region of the
mouth
palate Answer: separates the nasal cavity from the oral cavity
soft palate Answer: posterior portion, not supported by bone
hard palate Answer: anterior portion, supported by bone
uvula Answer: soft V-shaped structure that extends from the soft palate; directs food into the
throat
pharynx; throat Answer: performs the swallowing action that passes food from the mouth into
the esophagus
esophagus Answer: tube that is a passageway for food extending from the pharynx
stomach Answer: "j" shaped sac that mixes and stores food
cardia Answer: area around the opening of the esophagus
fundus Answer: proximal domed portion of the stomach
body Answer: central portion of the stomach distal to the fundus
antrum Answer: distal portion of the stomach
pylorus Answer: portion of the stomach that connects to the small intestine
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, pyloric sphincter Answer: ring of muscle that guards the opening between the stomach and the
duodenum
duodenum Answer: first 10 to 12 inches of the small intestine
jejunum Answer: second portion of the small intestine about 8 feet long
ileum Answer: third portion of the small intestine about 11 feet long
cecum Answer: blind U-shaped pouch that is the first portion of the large intestine
colon Answer: next portion of the large intestine, divided into four parts-ascending colon,
transverse colon, descending colon, and sigmoid colon
rectum Answer: distal portion of the large intestine, about 8-10 inches long going from the
sigmoid to the anus
anus Answer: sphincter muscle at the end of the digestive tract
salivary glands Answer: produce saliva which flows into the mouth
liver Answer: produces bile, which is necessary for the digestion of fats
bile ducts Answer: passageway that carry bile; hepatic duct (passageway for bile from the
liver), cystic duct (carries bile to and from the gallbladder), common bile duct (where they join)
all are called the biliary tract
gallbladder Answer: small, saclike structure that stores bile produced by the liver
pancreas Answer: produces pancreatic juice which helps digest all types of food and secretes
insulin for carbohydrate metabolism
peritoneum Answer: serous saclike lining of the abdominal and pelvic cavities
appendix Answer: small pouch, which has no known function in digestion, attached to the
cecum (vermiform appendix)
an/o Answer: anus
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SYSTEM|COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE WITH 100%
ACCURATE QUESTIONS & ANSWERS | ACE EVERY TEST |
GUARANTEED EXCELLENCE.
mouth Answer: opening through which food passes into the body
tongue Answer: consists mostly of skeletal muscles; attached in the posterior region of the
mouth
palate Answer: separates the nasal cavity from the oral cavity
soft palate Answer: posterior portion, not supported by bone
hard palate Answer: anterior portion, supported by bone
uvula Answer: soft V-shaped structure that extends from the soft palate; directs food into the
throat
pharynx; throat Answer: performs the swallowing action that passes food from the mouth into
the esophagus
esophagus Answer: tube that is a passageway for food extending from the pharynx
stomach Answer: "j" shaped sac that mixes and stores food
cardia Answer: area around the opening of the esophagus
fundus Answer: proximal domed portion of the stomach
body Answer: central portion of the stomach distal to the fundus
antrum Answer: distal portion of the stomach
pylorus Answer: portion of the stomach that connects to the small intestine
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
1
, pyloric sphincter Answer: ring of muscle that guards the opening between the stomach and the
duodenum
duodenum Answer: first 10 to 12 inches of the small intestine
jejunum Answer: second portion of the small intestine about 8 feet long
ileum Answer: third portion of the small intestine about 11 feet long
cecum Answer: blind U-shaped pouch that is the first portion of the large intestine
colon Answer: next portion of the large intestine, divided into four parts-ascending colon,
transverse colon, descending colon, and sigmoid colon
rectum Answer: distal portion of the large intestine, about 8-10 inches long going from the
sigmoid to the anus
anus Answer: sphincter muscle at the end of the digestive tract
salivary glands Answer: produce saliva which flows into the mouth
liver Answer: produces bile, which is necessary for the digestion of fats
bile ducts Answer: passageway that carry bile; hepatic duct (passageway for bile from the
liver), cystic duct (carries bile to and from the gallbladder), common bile duct (where they join)
all are called the biliary tract
gallbladder Answer: small, saclike structure that stores bile produced by the liver
pancreas Answer: produces pancreatic juice which helps digest all types of food and secretes
insulin for carbohydrate metabolism
peritoneum Answer: serous saclike lining of the abdominal and pelvic cavities
appendix Answer: small pouch, which has no known function in digestion, attached to the
cecum (vermiform appendix)
an/o Answer: anus
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
2
