RECENT EXAM 2026|2027 ACTUAL COMPLETE REAL
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A nurse is preparing to assess a newly admitted patient. Which action
should be performed first?
A. Perform a focused physical examination
B. Administer prescribed medications
C. Review the patient's laboratory values
D. Introduce yourself and verify the patient's identity
Answer: D. Introduce yourself and verify the patient's identity
Rationale: Patient identification is the first priority before any assessment
or intervention. Proper identification reduces the risk of medical errors,
ensures patient safety, and establishes therapeutic communication. Once
identity has been verified, the nurse can proceed with assessment and
treatment.
A patient reports shortness of breath while walking to the bathroom.
Which assessment finding requires the most immediate intervention?
,A. Respiratory rate of 30 breaths per minute with cyanosis
B. Pulse of 92 beats per minute
C. Blood pressure of 132/78 mmHg
D. Temperature of 99.1°F (37.3°C)
Answer: A. Respiratory rate of 30 breaths per minute with cyanosis
Rationale: Airway and breathing are the highest priorities according to the
ABCs (Airway, Breathing, Circulation). Tachypnea accompanied by
cyanosis indicates inadequate oxygenation and requires immediate
intervention before addressing less urgent findings.
A nurse is using therapeutic communication. Which statement best
demonstrates this technique?
A. "I know exactly how you feel."
B. "Why are you so upset?"
C. "Tell me more about what you're experiencing."
D. "Everything will be fine."
Answer: C. "Tell me more about what you're experiencing."
Rationale: Open-ended questions encourage patients to express feelings
and concerns while promoting effective communication. The other
responses either make assumptions, imply judgment, or offer false
reassurance.
,Which infection prevention measure is considered the single most
effective way to reduce healthcare-associated infections?
A. Wearing sterile gloves
B. Using isolation precautions
C. Hand hygiene
D. Wearing a surgical mask
Answer: C. Hand hygiene
Rationale: Proper hand hygiene before and after patient contact is the
most effective method of preventing the transmission of microorganisms
and reducing healthcare-associated infections.
A patient is admitted with dehydration. Which assessment finding
would the nurse expect?
A. Bounding pulse
B. Moist mucous membranes
C. Poor skin turgor
D. Bradycardia
Answer: C. Poor skin turgor
, Rationale: Dehydration commonly causes decreased skin elasticity, dry
mucous membranes, tachycardia, concentrated urine, and hypotension.
Poor skin turgor is a classic assessment finding.
Which electrolyte plays the greatest role in cardiac muscle contraction?
A. Sodium
B. Calcium
C. Magnesium
D. Chloride
Answer: B. Calcium
Rationale: Calcium is essential for muscle contraction, including cardiac
muscle. It facilitates excitation-contraction coupling and contributes to
normal heart rhythm.
A nurse is obtaining vital signs. Which blood pressure reading is
considered hypertensive for an adult?
A. 108/68 mmHg
B. 118/74 mmHg
C. 142/92 mmHg
D. 110/70 mmHg