NURS 231 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
COMPREHENSIVE TEST BANK COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS PRACTICE
SOLUTION VERIFIED
◉ Which of the following patient would be most prone to metabolic
acidosis? A patient with: Answer: Diabetes whose glucoses are
uncontrolled
◉ A 76-year-old patient had the following arterial blood gas sample
after his stomach surgery in
which his gastric content and fluid were removed: pH 7.55, PCO2 50,
HCO3 35. What acidbase
imbalance is most likely in this patient? Answer: Metabolic alkalosis,
compensating
◉ A 50-year-old male visits the cardiologist for an EKG. Results
indicate that he has no
PR interval and a variable QRS rate with rhythm irregularity. Which
of the following is
the most likely diagnosis to be recorded on the chart? Answer: Atrial
fibrillation
,◉ A 65-year-old male is transported to the ER for chest pain. An
electrocardiogram
reveals a prolonged QRS interval. What is the nurse monitoring when
the nurse
observes the QRS complex on the electrocardiogram? The QRS
complex reflects: Answer: Ventricular activity
◉ Which is one of the acid/base conditions that would cause the nurse
to monitor for hyperkalemia? Answer: metabolic acidosis
◉ A 20-year-old male is in acute pain with restlessness and anxiety.
An arterial blood gas
reveals decreased carbon dioxide (CO2) levels. Which of the
following does the nurse
suspect is the most likely cause? Answer: hyperventilation
◉ A 24-year-old female presents with excessive menstrual bleeding.
The physician identified
endometrial changes that are due to hormonal imbalances. These
cellular changes would be
referred to as: Answer: Pathologic hyperplasia
◉ A 34-year-old was diagnosed with malignant tumor (cancer). The
nurse teaches the patient
about malignant cells. Which of the following is most appropriate
explanation when describing
,malignant cells? Answer: Malignant cells are dysplastic cells and are
irreversible
◉ A characteristic of a malignant tumor includes that it: Answer: can
spread far from the tissue of origin
◉ A 25-year-old male develops cancer of the breast glandular tissue.
What type of cancer does he
have? Answer: adenocarcinoma
◉ When planning care for a cardiac patient, the nurse knows that in
response to an increased
workload, cardiac myocardial cells will: Answer: Increase in size
◉ The term apoptosis is appropriately defined as: Answer:
programmed cell death
◉ A report comes back indicating that muscular atrophy has occurred.
A nurse recalls that
muscular atrophy involves a decrease in muscle cell Answer: size
◉ A nursing student is studying about cancer and the associated risks
for cancer. The instructor
knows the student understands cancer when which of the following
are associated risks for
cancer? Answer: -Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)
, -hepatitis C virus (HCV)
-hepatitis B virus (HBV)
-human papillomavirus (HPV)
◉ A primary care provider is attempting to diagnose cancer and is
looking for a tumor marker.
Which of the following could be a possible marker? Answer:
Enzymes
◉ A 30-year-old homeless was seen in the emergency room with
productive cough of bloodtinged
sputum. His chest x-ray showed granulomatous disease. Upon further
questioning, he
was found to have had tuberculosis (TB) in distant past. TB infections
are likely to result in
which of the following forms of necrosis? Answer: caseous
◉ When discussing body fluid, it is correct to state that: Answer:
Two-thirds of the body's water is intracellular.
Rationale: One-third is extracellular. There are two components of the
extracellular compartment: interstitial and intravascular. Total body
water is about 60% of body weight.
◉ Which of the following statements is TRUE? When discussing
body fluid movement, it is correct to state that:
COMPREHENSIVE TEST BANK COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS PRACTICE
SOLUTION VERIFIED
◉ Which of the following patient would be most prone to metabolic
acidosis? A patient with: Answer: Diabetes whose glucoses are
uncontrolled
◉ A 76-year-old patient had the following arterial blood gas sample
after his stomach surgery in
which his gastric content and fluid were removed: pH 7.55, PCO2 50,
HCO3 35. What acidbase
imbalance is most likely in this patient? Answer: Metabolic alkalosis,
compensating
◉ A 50-year-old male visits the cardiologist for an EKG. Results
indicate that he has no
PR interval and a variable QRS rate with rhythm irregularity. Which
of the following is
the most likely diagnosis to be recorded on the chart? Answer: Atrial
fibrillation
,◉ A 65-year-old male is transported to the ER for chest pain. An
electrocardiogram
reveals a prolonged QRS interval. What is the nurse monitoring when
the nurse
observes the QRS complex on the electrocardiogram? The QRS
complex reflects: Answer: Ventricular activity
◉ Which is one of the acid/base conditions that would cause the nurse
to monitor for hyperkalemia? Answer: metabolic acidosis
◉ A 20-year-old male is in acute pain with restlessness and anxiety.
An arterial blood gas
reveals decreased carbon dioxide (CO2) levels. Which of the
following does the nurse
suspect is the most likely cause? Answer: hyperventilation
◉ A 24-year-old female presents with excessive menstrual bleeding.
The physician identified
endometrial changes that are due to hormonal imbalances. These
cellular changes would be
referred to as: Answer: Pathologic hyperplasia
◉ A 34-year-old was diagnosed with malignant tumor (cancer). The
nurse teaches the patient
about malignant cells. Which of the following is most appropriate
explanation when describing
,malignant cells? Answer: Malignant cells are dysplastic cells and are
irreversible
◉ A characteristic of a malignant tumor includes that it: Answer: can
spread far from the tissue of origin
◉ A 25-year-old male develops cancer of the breast glandular tissue.
What type of cancer does he
have? Answer: adenocarcinoma
◉ When planning care for a cardiac patient, the nurse knows that in
response to an increased
workload, cardiac myocardial cells will: Answer: Increase in size
◉ The term apoptosis is appropriately defined as: Answer:
programmed cell death
◉ A report comes back indicating that muscular atrophy has occurred.
A nurse recalls that
muscular atrophy involves a decrease in muscle cell Answer: size
◉ A nursing student is studying about cancer and the associated risks
for cancer. The instructor
knows the student understands cancer when which of the following
are associated risks for
cancer? Answer: -Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)
, -hepatitis C virus (HCV)
-hepatitis B virus (HBV)
-human papillomavirus (HPV)
◉ A primary care provider is attempting to diagnose cancer and is
looking for a tumor marker.
Which of the following could be a possible marker? Answer:
Enzymes
◉ A 30-year-old homeless was seen in the emergency room with
productive cough of bloodtinged
sputum. His chest x-ray showed granulomatous disease. Upon further
questioning, he
was found to have had tuberculosis (TB) in distant past. TB infections
are likely to result in
which of the following forms of necrosis? Answer: caseous
◉ When discussing body fluid, it is correct to state that: Answer:
Two-thirds of the body's water is intracellular.
Rationale: One-third is extracellular. There are two components of the
extracellular compartment: interstitial and intravascular. Total body
water is about 60% of body weight.
◉ Which of the following statements is TRUE? When discussing
body fluid movement, it is correct to state that:
