D278 Terminology Test and Correct Answers
algorithm
A sequence of instructions that solves a problem
ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange)
A character encoding standard developed in 1963. It uses 7 bits per code to represent 128
characters, including letters, digits, and symbols
binary numbers
a base two number system used by computers, consisting of 0s and 1s. Each digit represents a
power of two
bit
the smallest unit of data in a computer, representing a single 0 or 1
byte
a group of 8 bits, such as 11000101
character
any letter (a-z, A-Z), digit (0-9), or symbol (~, !, @, etc.). Can be represented using a unique bit
code
comment
text added to a program by the programmer to explain the code for humans -- ignored during
program execution
code
text that makes up a program written in a programming language
computational thinking
creating a sequence of instructions to solve a problem
, computer
a machine built from connected switches that are either on (1) or off (0)
cursor
an indicator showing where the next output item will appear. automatically moves after each
output
decimal numbers
base ten numbers, used by humans due to having ten fingers. each digit represents a power of ten
and ranges from 0 to 9
flowchart
a graphical representation used to create or view computer programs. shapes like parallelograms
are used for input/output steps
input
data received by a program from a file, keyboard, touchscreen, network, etc.
interpreter
a tool that runs a program's statements one at a time. "run" and/or "execute"
Moore's Law
an observation that engineers have reduced switch sizes by half approximately every two years,
doubling computing power
newline \n
a special two-character sequence that moves the cursor to the next line in the output
output
data produced by a program, sent to a file, screen, network, etc.
parallelogram (flowchart symbol)
algorithm
A sequence of instructions that solves a problem
ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange)
A character encoding standard developed in 1963. It uses 7 bits per code to represent 128
characters, including letters, digits, and symbols
binary numbers
a base two number system used by computers, consisting of 0s and 1s. Each digit represents a
power of two
bit
the smallest unit of data in a computer, representing a single 0 or 1
byte
a group of 8 bits, such as 11000101
character
any letter (a-z, A-Z), digit (0-9), or symbol (~, !, @, etc.). Can be represented using a unique bit
code
comment
text added to a program by the programmer to explain the code for humans -- ignored during
program execution
code
text that makes up a program written in a programming language
computational thinking
creating a sequence of instructions to solve a problem
, computer
a machine built from connected switches that are either on (1) or off (0)
cursor
an indicator showing where the next output item will appear. automatically moves after each
output
decimal numbers
base ten numbers, used by humans due to having ten fingers. each digit represents a power of ten
and ranges from 0 to 9
flowchart
a graphical representation used to create or view computer programs. shapes like parallelograms
are used for input/output steps
input
data received by a program from a file, keyboard, touchscreen, network, etc.
interpreter
a tool that runs a program's statements one at a time. "run" and/or "execute"
Moore's Law
an observation that engineers have reduced switch sizes by half approximately every two years,
doubling computing power
newline \n
a special two-character sequence that moves the cursor to the next line in the output
output
data produced by a program, sent to a file, screen, network, etc.
parallelogram (flowchart symbol)
