MGT 301 EXAM 1 ACCURATE STUDY GUIDE
management - Answers - attainment of organizational goals in an effective and efficient
manner through planning, organizing, leading, and controlling organizational resources
planning - Answers - defining performance goals and determining how to attain these
goals
organizing - Answers - assign tasks, grouping tasks into departments, and allocating
resources to these departments
leading - Answers - use of influence to motivate employees to achieve the
organization's goals
controlling - Answers - monitoring activities of employees and keeping the organization
on track to reach goals, making corrections as needed
efficiency - Answers - use of minimal resources to produce a desired output (more
quickly), minimalization and speed
effectiveness - Answers - degree to which an organization achieves a goal, gets job
done right
top managers (executives) - Answers - head of organization, external environment and
strategy
middle managers (divs, admins, depts.) - Answers - head of specific organization
departments, coordination (people, resource allocation, etc.)
first-line managers (supervisors and store managers) - Answers - head of good/service
production, facilitating individual employee performance (implementing middle
management plans)
General managers - Answers - different functions and departments, diverse employees
functional managers - Answers - single function, employees with similar skills
project managers - Answers - temporary projects, essentially GM's for that project
administrative principles - Answers - focuses on total organization, nor the individual
worker, goal is to effectively delineate the management functions (planning, organizing,
leading, controlling)
Hawthorne Studies - Answers - series of experiments involving employees'
physiological and safety needs
, Human resources perspective - Answers - suggests jobs should be designed to meet
higher level needs by letting workers use their full potential
synergy - Answers - the whole is greater than the sum of its parts
contingency view - Answers - every problem is unique and managers must determine
the methods to be used in every situation
outsourcing - Answers - contracting out work to other organizations that can work more
efficiently
insourcing - Answers - delegation of responsibilities to an internal entity that specializes
in that operation
systems theory - Answers - system is composed of interrelated parts that work together
to achieve a goal
organizational environment - Answers - anything outside the organization that can have
an affect on the organization
general environment - Answers - furthest out layer; only indirectly effects the
organization
task environment - Answers - the layer that surrounds the organization; directly effects
internal environment - Answers - everything within the organizations boundaries
6 components of general environment (PENIST) - Answers - political, economic,
natural, international, sociocultural, technological
international dimension - Answers - for U.S. companies, the environment represents
events and opportunities outside of the United States
technological dimension - Answers - scientific and technological advancements, both
within the specific industry, as well as society at large
sociocultural dimension - Answers - demographic characteristics, norms, customs,
values of the people (population) who live where the organization operates.
economic dimension - Answers - overall economic health. "its the economy, stupid."
legal/political dimension - Answers - all local and national legal regulations that affect
the organization (pressure/interest groups)
natural dimension - Answers - all natural resources, geological, and regional conditions
management - Answers - attainment of organizational goals in an effective and efficient
manner through planning, organizing, leading, and controlling organizational resources
planning - Answers - defining performance goals and determining how to attain these
goals
organizing - Answers - assign tasks, grouping tasks into departments, and allocating
resources to these departments
leading - Answers - use of influence to motivate employees to achieve the
organization's goals
controlling - Answers - monitoring activities of employees and keeping the organization
on track to reach goals, making corrections as needed
efficiency - Answers - use of minimal resources to produce a desired output (more
quickly), minimalization and speed
effectiveness - Answers - degree to which an organization achieves a goal, gets job
done right
top managers (executives) - Answers - head of organization, external environment and
strategy
middle managers (divs, admins, depts.) - Answers - head of specific organization
departments, coordination (people, resource allocation, etc.)
first-line managers (supervisors and store managers) - Answers - head of good/service
production, facilitating individual employee performance (implementing middle
management plans)
General managers - Answers - different functions and departments, diverse employees
functional managers - Answers - single function, employees with similar skills
project managers - Answers - temporary projects, essentially GM's for that project
administrative principles - Answers - focuses on total organization, nor the individual
worker, goal is to effectively delineate the management functions (planning, organizing,
leading, controlling)
Hawthorne Studies - Answers - series of experiments involving employees'
physiological and safety needs
, Human resources perspective - Answers - suggests jobs should be designed to meet
higher level needs by letting workers use their full potential
synergy - Answers - the whole is greater than the sum of its parts
contingency view - Answers - every problem is unique and managers must determine
the methods to be used in every situation
outsourcing - Answers - contracting out work to other organizations that can work more
efficiently
insourcing - Answers - delegation of responsibilities to an internal entity that specializes
in that operation
systems theory - Answers - system is composed of interrelated parts that work together
to achieve a goal
organizational environment - Answers - anything outside the organization that can have
an affect on the organization
general environment - Answers - furthest out layer; only indirectly effects the
organization
task environment - Answers - the layer that surrounds the organization; directly effects
internal environment - Answers - everything within the organizations boundaries
6 components of general environment (PENIST) - Answers - political, economic,
natural, international, sociocultural, technological
international dimension - Answers - for U.S. companies, the environment represents
events and opportunities outside of the United States
technological dimension - Answers - scientific and technological advancements, both
within the specific industry, as well as society at large
sociocultural dimension - Answers - demographic characteristics, norms, customs,
values of the people (population) who live where the organization operates.
economic dimension - Answers - overall economic health. "its the economy, stupid."
legal/political dimension - Answers - all local and national legal regulations that affect
the organization (pressure/interest groups)
natural dimension - Answers - all natural resources, geological, and regional conditions
