Bowie State University
4 MAXE · 132 RUN
★ ★
P College of Nursing & Health Professions
EST. 2001
A D V A N C I N G H E A LT H C A R E T H R O U G H E D U C AT I O N
BSU NUR 231 Exam 4 — Pharmacology, Concepts &
Nursing Fundamentals
P H A R M ACO LO G Y & N U RS I N G CO N C E PTS — E X A M 4
INSTITUTION Bowie State University PROGRAM Bachelor of Science in Nursing
COURSE CODE NUR 231 COURSE TITLE Nursing Fundamentals
ACADEMIC YEAR EXAM TITLE BSU NUR 231 Exam 4 —
Pharmacology, Concepts &
Nursing Fundamentals
TOTAL QUESTIONS 211 Questions FORMAT Multiple Choice — Select the
Single Best Answer
EXAMINATION INSTRUCTIONS
▸ Select the single best answer for each question based on pharmacology, nursing concepts, and
medication administration principles.
▸ Topics covered include: nursing theory, evidence-based practice, cultural competence, antiinfectives,
analgesics, diuretics, medication administration, and pharmacology concepts.
▸ All definitions and concepts from the study material are testable content.
▸ Correct answers and detailed rationales appear below each question for review purposes.
▸ All pharmacology concepts reflect current evidence-based practice and nursing standards.
, SECTION I — PHARMACOLOGY & NURSING CONCEPTS Questions 1 – 211
1. What is a concept in nursing theory?
A. Abstract images that are formed as impressions from the environment and organized into
symbols of reality
B. A set of concepts along with statements that arrange the concepts into an understandable
pattern
C. Information gathered from research studies
D. A statement based on observed facts that explain a process
CORRECT ANSWER A — Abstract images that are formed as impressions from the environment
and organized into symbols of reality
RATIONALE A concept is defined as abstract images that are formed as impressions from the
environment and organized into symbols of reality. Concepts are the building
blocks of theories and help organize knowledge in nursing.
2. What is a conceptual framework or model?
A. Abstract images that are formed as impressions from the environment
B. A set of concepts, along with the statements that arrange the concepts into an
understandable pattern
C. Information gathered from research studies
D. A statement based on observed facts that explain a process
CORRECT ANSWER B — A set of concepts, along with the statements that arrange the concepts
into an understandable pattern
RATIONALE A conceptual framework or model is a set of concepts, along with the statements
that arrange the concepts into an understandable pattern. It provides a structure
for organizing and understanding phenomena in nursing.
,3. What is deductive reasoning?
A. A cognitive process in which one identifies a specific idea or action that makes
conclusions about general ideas
B. A cognitive process which examines a general idea then considers specific actions or ideas
C. The process of gathering information from multiple sources
D. A method of research conducted to gain insight by discovering meanings
CORRECT ANSWER B — A cognitive process which examines a general idea then considers
specific actions or ideas
RATIONALE Deductive reasoning is a cognitive process that examines a general idea and then
considers specific actions or ideas. It moves from the general to the specific,
applying broad principles to individual situations.
4. What is evidence-based practice?
A. Nursing care provided that is supported by sound scientific rationale
B. Guidelines written by a panel of experts that synthesize information from multiple studies
C. Research designed to improve the care of people in the clinical setting
D. The commitment to continuously improve every process in an organization
CORRECT ANSWER A — Nursing care provided that is supported by sound scientific rationale
RATIONALE Evidence-based practice is nursing care that is supported by sound scientific
rationale. It integrates the best available research evidence with clinical expertise
and patient values to guide nursing care decisions.
, 5. What are evidence-based practice guidelines?
A. Nursing care provided that is supported by sound scientific rationale
B. Guidelines written by a panel of experts that synthesize information from multiple studies
and recommend the best practices to treat patients with a disease, a symptom, or a
disability
C. Research conducted to gain insight by discovering meanings
D. The commitment to continuously improve every process in an organization
CORRECT ANSWER B — Guidelines written by a panel of experts that synthesize information
from multiple studies and recommend the best practices to treat patients
with a disease, a symptom, or a disability
RATIONALE Evidence-based practice guidelines are written by a panel of experts that
synthesize information from multiple studies and recommend the best practices
to treat patients with a disease, a symptom, or a disability. They provide
standardized recommendations for care.
6. What is inductive reasoning?
A. A cognitive process which examines a general idea then considers specific actions or ideas
B. A cognitive process in which one identifies a specific idea or action that makes
conclusions about general ideas
C. The process of gathering information from multiple sources
D. A method of research conducted to gain insight by discovering meanings
CORRECT ANSWER B — A cognitive process in which one identifies a specific idea or action that
makes conclusions about general ideas
RATIONALE Inductive reasoning is a cognitive process in which one identifies a specific idea or
action that makes conclusions about general ideas. It moves from the specific to
the general, drawing broad conclusions from individual observations.
4 MAXE · 132 RUN
★ ★
P College of Nursing & Health Professions
EST. 2001
A D V A N C I N G H E A LT H C A R E T H R O U G H E D U C AT I O N
BSU NUR 231 Exam 4 — Pharmacology, Concepts &
Nursing Fundamentals
P H A R M ACO LO G Y & N U RS I N G CO N C E PTS — E X A M 4
INSTITUTION Bowie State University PROGRAM Bachelor of Science in Nursing
COURSE CODE NUR 231 COURSE TITLE Nursing Fundamentals
ACADEMIC YEAR EXAM TITLE BSU NUR 231 Exam 4 —
Pharmacology, Concepts &
Nursing Fundamentals
TOTAL QUESTIONS 211 Questions FORMAT Multiple Choice — Select the
Single Best Answer
EXAMINATION INSTRUCTIONS
▸ Select the single best answer for each question based on pharmacology, nursing concepts, and
medication administration principles.
▸ Topics covered include: nursing theory, evidence-based practice, cultural competence, antiinfectives,
analgesics, diuretics, medication administration, and pharmacology concepts.
▸ All definitions and concepts from the study material are testable content.
▸ Correct answers and detailed rationales appear below each question for review purposes.
▸ All pharmacology concepts reflect current evidence-based practice and nursing standards.
, SECTION I — PHARMACOLOGY & NURSING CONCEPTS Questions 1 – 211
1. What is a concept in nursing theory?
A. Abstract images that are formed as impressions from the environment and organized into
symbols of reality
B. A set of concepts along with statements that arrange the concepts into an understandable
pattern
C. Information gathered from research studies
D. A statement based on observed facts that explain a process
CORRECT ANSWER A — Abstract images that are formed as impressions from the environment
and organized into symbols of reality
RATIONALE A concept is defined as abstract images that are formed as impressions from the
environment and organized into symbols of reality. Concepts are the building
blocks of theories and help organize knowledge in nursing.
2. What is a conceptual framework or model?
A. Abstract images that are formed as impressions from the environment
B. A set of concepts, along with the statements that arrange the concepts into an
understandable pattern
C. Information gathered from research studies
D. A statement based on observed facts that explain a process
CORRECT ANSWER B — A set of concepts, along with the statements that arrange the concepts
into an understandable pattern
RATIONALE A conceptual framework or model is a set of concepts, along with the statements
that arrange the concepts into an understandable pattern. It provides a structure
for organizing and understanding phenomena in nursing.
,3. What is deductive reasoning?
A. A cognitive process in which one identifies a specific idea or action that makes
conclusions about general ideas
B. A cognitive process which examines a general idea then considers specific actions or ideas
C. The process of gathering information from multiple sources
D. A method of research conducted to gain insight by discovering meanings
CORRECT ANSWER B — A cognitive process which examines a general idea then considers
specific actions or ideas
RATIONALE Deductive reasoning is a cognitive process that examines a general idea and then
considers specific actions or ideas. It moves from the general to the specific,
applying broad principles to individual situations.
4. What is evidence-based practice?
A. Nursing care provided that is supported by sound scientific rationale
B. Guidelines written by a panel of experts that synthesize information from multiple studies
C. Research designed to improve the care of people in the clinical setting
D. The commitment to continuously improve every process in an organization
CORRECT ANSWER A — Nursing care provided that is supported by sound scientific rationale
RATIONALE Evidence-based practice is nursing care that is supported by sound scientific
rationale. It integrates the best available research evidence with clinical expertise
and patient values to guide nursing care decisions.
, 5. What are evidence-based practice guidelines?
A. Nursing care provided that is supported by sound scientific rationale
B. Guidelines written by a panel of experts that synthesize information from multiple studies
and recommend the best practices to treat patients with a disease, a symptom, or a
disability
C. Research conducted to gain insight by discovering meanings
D. The commitment to continuously improve every process in an organization
CORRECT ANSWER B — Guidelines written by a panel of experts that synthesize information
from multiple studies and recommend the best practices to treat patients
with a disease, a symptom, or a disability
RATIONALE Evidence-based practice guidelines are written by a panel of experts that
synthesize information from multiple studies and recommend the best practices
to treat patients with a disease, a symptom, or a disability. They provide
standardized recommendations for care.
6. What is inductive reasoning?
A. A cognitive process which examines a general idea then considers specific actions or ideas
B. A cognitive process in which one identifies a specific idea or action that makes
conclusions about general ideas
C. The process of gathering information from multiple sources
D. A method of research conducted to gain insight by discovering meanings
CORRECT ANSWER B — A cognitive process in which one identifies a specific idea or action that
makes conclusions about general ideas
RATIONALE Inductive reasoning is a cognitive process in which one identifies a specific idea or
action that makes conclusions about general ideas. It moves from the specific to
the general, drawing broad conclusions from individual observations.
