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SECTION 1: RISK AND INSURANCE FUNDAMENTALS
1. Which of the following situations presents a situation of pure risk?
A) Saul invests his life savings in the stock market to increase
retirement savings
B) Ralph takes a second mortgage on his house and uses the
proceeds to gamble
C) Ron cashes in his life insurance to start his own business
D) Frank wants to insure his life because his family depends on him
CORRECT ANSWER: D) Frank wants to insure his life because his
family depends on him
Rationale: Pure risk involves only the possibility of loss or no loss,
with no opportunity for gain. Only pure risk is insurable. Speculative
risk involves the possibility of both loss and gain and is not insurable.
Frank's situation represents pure risk because his death would result
in financial loss to his family.
,2. What is the basic principle underlying the law of large numbers?
A) Prediction becomes more accurate as the number of exposure
units decreases
B) Prediction becomes less accurate as the number of exposure units
increases
C) Prediction becomes more accurate as the number of exposure
units increases
D) Prediction is most accurate when the number of exposure units
stabilizes
CORRECT ANSWER: C) Prediction becomes more accurate as the
number of exposure units increases
Rationale: The law of large numbers is a mathematical principle of
probability. As the number of exposure units increases, the actual
results more closely approximate the expected results, making
predictions more accurate.
3. Which of the following best defines a peril?
A) Any condition that increases the risk of incurring a loss
B) The chance of loss occurring
C) The immediate cause of a loss and the event that is insured
against
D) A strategy to deal with risk
,CORRECT ANSWER: C) The immediate cause of a loss and the
event that is insured against
Rationale: Peril is the immediate cause of a loss and the event that is
insured against. For life insurance, the peril is death. For health
insurance, perils include illness, accidental injury, and disability.
Hazard is any condition that increases the risk of incurring a loss.
4. What is the definition of a hazard in insurance terms?
A) The cause of a loss
B) Any condition that increases the chance of a peril occurring
C) The exchange of unequal values in a contract
D) The transfer of risk to another party
CORRECT ANSWER: B) Any condition that increases the chance
of a peril occurring
Rationale: A hazard is any condition or circumstance that increases
the likelihood or severity of a loss from a peril. Hazards can be
physical, moral, or morale in nature.
5. Which type of risk involves the possibility of both loss and gain?
A) Pure risk
B) Speculative risk
C) Fundamental risk
, D) Particular risk
CORRECT ANSWER: B) Speculative risk
Rationale: Speculative risk involves the possibility of both loss and
gain. Examples include investing in the stock market or starting a
business. Speculative risks are generally not insurable because they
are voluntarily undertaken and involve the possibility of profit.
6. Which risk management technique involves shifting risk to
another party?
A) Risk avoidance
B) Risk reduction
C) Risk retention
D) Risk transfer
CORRECT ANSWER: D) Risk transfer
Rationale: Risk transfer involves shifting the financial consequences
of a risk to another party, typically through the purchase of
insurance. The insurance company assumes the risk in exchange for
the premium paid by the insured.
7. The tendency of someone with a family history of cancer to buy
and retain health insurance is known as: