1|Page
IVCA OPTIONS FOR ANIMALS EXAM WITH CORRECT ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECTLY WELL DEFINED ANSWERS LATEST
ALREADY GRADED A+
This portion of the disc provides stability, has outer pain fibers, less
water content, and is fibrous in textures ......ANSWER......Annulus
Fibrosis
The portion of the disc is mostly water, has no nerve or blood supply,
acts like ball bearing to absorb shock, and is gelatinous in texture
......ANSWER......nucleus pulposes
How does the disc get nutrition, specifically in the nucleus pulposes?
......ANSWER......Imbibition
What is the spinal cord length in the equine? ......ANSWER......Foramen
Magnum to L3
What is the spinal cord length in canine? ......ANSWER......Foramen
Magnum to L5/L6
What is the spinal cord length in feline? ......ANSWER......Foramen
Magnum to sacrum
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This joint only exists in equines and rhinos. It provides more stability
and motion. ......ANSWER......Intertransverse Joint
What movement does the intertransverse joint allow?
......ANSWER......Flexion and Extension
What movement does the intertransverse joint limit?
......ANSWER......lateral flexion
What are the soft borders of the IVF? ......ANSWER......1) ligamentum
flavum
2) joint capsule
3) Disc
What are the bony borders of IVF? ......ANSWER......1) Pedicles
2) Vertebral Notches
What areas in the spine do not allow for coupled motion?
......ANSWER......Occiput
C1
C2
What is the primary pivot point in the pelvis? ......ANSWER......pubic
symphysis
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What segment is located in between the tuber sacrales in the equine
spine? ......ANSWER......S1
What is the first palpable sacral segment of the equine?
......ANSWER......S2
What is the first palpable sacral segment of canine spine?
......ANSWER......S1
What are three anatomical variations that allow for more flexion at the
lumbosacral junction? ......ANSWER......1) Lack of supraspinous ligament
2) Last Lumbar dorsal SP is shorter
3) lumbar sp's face caudal to cranial and sacral tubercles face cranial to
caudal
What is the true knee of the horse? ......ANSWER......Stifle
The sacrotuberous ligament is also called ......ANSWER......Sacrosciatic
ligament
The sacroiliac joint is what type of joint? ......ANSWER......Diarthrodial
joint
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The dorsal portion of the SI joint is ......ANSWER......synovial
The ventral portion of the SI joint is ......ANSWER......fibrous
What motion does the SI joint create? ......ANSWER......Figure 8
The lumbosacral motion unit of the equine consists of ......ANSWER......1
disc joint
2 Zygapophyseal joints
2 Intertransverse joints
5 Total articulating joints
The lumbosacral motion unit of the canine consists of ......ANSWER......1
disc joint
2 Zygapophyseal joints
3 total articulating joints
What is the most common pelvic fracture? ......ANSWER......Iliac
80% of stabilization of a joint is achieved by ......ANSWER......muscles
IVCA OPTIONS FOR ANIMALS EXAM WITH CORRECT ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECTLY WELL DEFINED ANSWERS LATEST
ALREADY GRADED A+
This portion of the disc provides stability, has outer pain fibers, less
water content, and is fibrous in textures ......ANSWER......Annulus
Fibrosis
The portion of the disc is mostly water, has no nerve or blood supply,
acts like ball bearing to absorb shock, and is gelatinous in texture
......ANSWER......nucleus pulposes
How does the disc get nutrition, specifically in the nucleus pulposes?
......ANSWER......Imbibition
What is the spinal cord length in the equine? ......ANSWER......Foramen
Magnum to L3
What is the spinal cord length in canine? ......ANSWER......Foramen
Magnum to L5/L6
What is the spinal cord length in feline? ......ANSWER......Foramen
Magnum to sacrum
,2|Page
This joint only exists in equines and rhinos. It provides more stability
and motion. ......ANSWER......Intertransverse Joint
What movement does the intertransverse joint allow?
......ANSWER......Flexion and Extension
What movement does the intertransverse joint limit?
......ANSWER......lateral flexion
What are the soft borders of the IVF? ......ANSWER......1) ligamentum
flavum
2) joint capsule
3) Disc
What are the bony borders of IVF? ......ANSWER......1) Pedicles
2) Vertebral Notches
What areas in the spine do not allow for coupled motion?
......ANSWER......Occiput
C1
C2
What is the primary pivot point in the pelvis? ......ANSWER......pubic
symphysis
,3|Page
What segment is located in between the tuber sacrales in the equine
spine? ......ANSWER......S1
What is the first palpable sacral segment of the equine?
......ANSWER......S2
What is the first palpable sacral segment of canine spine?
......ANSWER......S1
What are three anatomical variations that allow for more flexion at the
lumbosacral junction? ......ANSWER......1) Lack of supraspinous ligament
2) Last Lumbar dorsal SP is shorter
3) lumbar sp's face caudal to cranial and sacral tubercles face cranial to
caudal
What is the true knee of the horse? ......ANSWER......Stifle
The sacrotuberous ligament is also called ......ANSWER......Sacrosciatic
ligament
The sacroiliac joint is what type of joint? ......ANSWER......Diarthrodial
joint
, 4|Page
The dorsal portion of the SI joint is ......ANSWER......synovial
The ventral portion of the SI joint is ......ANSWER......fibrous
What motion does the SI joint create? ......ANSWER......Figure 8
The lumbosacral motion unit of the equine consists of ......ANSWER......1
disc joint
2 Zygapophyseal joints
2 Intertransverse joints
5 Total articulating joints
The lumbosacral motion unit of the canine consists of ......ANSWER......1
disc joint
2 Zygapophyseal joints
3 total articulating joints
What is the most common pelvic fracture? ......ANSWER......Iliac
80% of stabilization of a joint is achieved by ......ANSWER......muscles
