1 | Page
APHY 101 FINAL EXAM 2026/2027
ACTUAL QUESTIONS WITH
VERIFIED ANSWERS.
What is the difference between anatomy and physiology? -
ANSWER-Anatomy is the study of the structure of body parts,
whereas physiology is the study of the function of body parts
What are the levels of organization? - ANSWER-subatomic
particles, atom, molecule, macromolecule, organelle, cell,
tissue, organ, organ system, organism
What are the requirements of life? - ANSWER-Water, food,
oxygen, heat, pressure
What are the characteristics of life? - ANSWER-Movement
(internal or gross); Responsiveness (reaction to internal or
external change); Growth (increase in size without change in
shape); Reproduction (new organisms or new cells);
Respiration (use of oxygen; removal of CO2); Digestion
(breakdown of food); Absorption (movement of substances
through membranes and into fluids); Circulation (movement
within body fluids); Assimilation (changing nutrients into
,2 | Page
chemically different forms); Excretion (removal of metabolic
wastes)
Define homeostasis - ANSWER-Body's maintenance of a stable
environment
What is a homeostatic mechanism? - ANSWER-the body
maintains homeostasis through a number of self-regulating
control systems; examples are regulating body temperature
and pressure sensitive receptors to regulate body pressure
Define matter - ANSWER-Anything that takes up space and
has mass (weight). It is composed of elements.
Define element - ANSWER-fundamental substance composed
of chemically identical atoms
Define atoms - ANSWER-smallest particle of an element; basic
unit of matter
,3 | Page
What is the structure of an atom? - ANSWER-An atom consists
of a nucleus containing protons and neutrons, with electrons in
orbit around the nucleus.
Atomic nucleus - ANSWER-the nucleus contains protons and
neutrons
Proton - ANSWER-subatomic particle that has a positive
charge
Neutron - ANSWER-subatomic particle that has no charge
Electron - ANSWER-subatomic particle that has a negative
charge
Atomic number - ANSWER-number or protons in nucleus
Atomic mass - ANSWER-number of protons plus number of
neutrons
, 4 | Page
What are covalent bonds? - ANSWER-Covalent bonds are
formed when atoms share electrons to become stable with filled
outer shells
What are ionic bonds? - ANSWER-2 oppositely charged atoms
form this bond when electrons are transferred from one atom to
another atom
What are hydrogen bonds? - ANSWER-Weak attraction
between positive end of one polar molecule and negative end
of another polar molecule; formed between water molecules
Define ion - ANSWER-When atoms gain or lose electrons, they
become ions.
Define synthesis reaction - ANSWER-Two or more atoms or
molecules are joined together
APHY 101 FINAL EXAM 2026/2027
ACTUAL QUESTIONS WITH
VERIFIED ANSWERS.
What is the difference between anatomy and physiology? -
ANSWER-Anatomy is the study of the structure of body parts,
whereas physiology is the study of the function of body parts
What are the levels of organization? - ANSWER-subatomic
particles, atom, molecule, macromolecule, organelle, cell,
tissue, organ, organ system, organism
What are the requirements of life? - ANSWER-Water, food,
oxygen, heat, pressure
What are the characteristics of life? - ANSWER-Movement
(internal or gross); Responsiveness (reaction to internal or
external change); Growth (increase in size without change in
shape); Reproduction (new organisms or new cells);
Respiration (use of oxygen; removal of CO2); Digestion
(breakdown of food); Absorption (movement of substances
through membranes and into fluids); Circulation (movement
within body fluids); Assimilation (changing nutrients into
,2 | Page
chemically different forms); Excretion (removal of metabolic
wastes)
Define homeostasis - ANSWER-Body's maintenance of a stable
environment
What is a homeostatic mechanism? - ANSWER-the body
maintains homeostasis through a number of self-regulating
control systems; examples are regulating body temperature
and pressure sensitive receptors to regulate body pressure
Define matter - ANSWER-Anything that takes up space and
has mass (weight). It is composed of elements.
Define element - ANSWER-fundamental substance composed
of chemically identical atoms
Define atoms - ANSWER-smallest particle of an element; basic
unit of matter
,3 | Page
What is the structure of an atom? - ANSWER-An atom consists
of a nucleus containing protons and neutrons, with electrons in
orbit around the nucleus.
Atomic nucleus - ANSWER-the nucleus contains protons and
neutrons
Proton - ANSWER-subatomic particle that has a positive
charge
Neutron - ANSWER-subatomic particle that has no charge
Electron - ANSWER-subatomic particle that has a negative
charge
Atomic number - ANSWER-number or protons in nucleus
Atomic mass - ANSWER-number of protons plus number of
neutrons
, 4 | Page
What are covalent bonds? - ANSWER-Covalent bonds are
formed when atoms share electrons to become stable with filled
outer shells
What are ionic bonds? - ANSWER-2 oppositely charged atoms
form this bond when electrons are transferred from one atom to
another atom
What are hydrogen bonds? - ANSWER-Weak attraction
between positive end of one polar molecule and negative end
of another polar molecule; formed between water molecules
Define ion - ANSWER-When atoms gain or lose electrons, they
become ions.
Define synthesis reaction - ANSWER-Two or more atoms or
molecules are joined together
