ATI PEDIATRIC NURSING STUDY GUIDE
2026 300 PLUS QUESTIONS WITH
DETAILED CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED
A+
⩥ Preschool (3-6 Years). Answer: - IMITATION of adults: providing a
stethoscope allows child an opportunity for THERAPEUTIC play.
- Time based on events, magical thinking, animism, centration.
- Stress = Regresion; may still be picky eaters , sleep 12 hours average,
pedestrian safety
- Keep a consistent bedtime routine
⩥ Pyloromyotomy. Answer: - Release of hypertrophied muscle around
the pyloric sphincter that causes narrowing of the pyloric canal.
- Infants will be fed shortly postoperative (with return of bowel sounds)
in small, frequent oral feeds.
- There is no incision to the gastric walls or mucosa and NPO is not
required.
⩥ Cystic Fibrosis
Nutritional Care. Answer: - ↑ Protein, Carbs and minerals, to promote
weight gain
,- They have difficulty absorbing nutrients due to blockage of pancreatic
enzymes by thick mucus secretions in the pancreas and liver.
- Pancreatic enzymes help breakdown ingested foods so the body can
metabolize nutrients.
- Administering pancreatic enzymes BEFORE eating will enable
children to metabolize nutrients so they can be used more effectively
- Fat content doesn't need to be decreased or eliminated. They have
difficulty absorbing fat due to thick mucus in intestines and the inability
of the pancreatic enzymes to reach the duodenum.
- ↑ of fiber is NOT needed, their stools are bulky because of fat content,
but they have regular bowel movements
- C.F. patients excrete excessive salt through the skin, the child with
cystic fibrosis will likely require additional salt in their diet, especially
during activities.
- 85% O2 Sat = mild hypoxemia, as mucopurulent secretions gather in
airways, respiratory compromise worsens and oxygenation becomes
impaired and ↓ in O2 Sat is likely seen
⩥ Chemotherapy. Answer: - Low WBC count places the child at risk for
infection and isolation with monitoring of fever is priority.
⩥ ↓RBC. Answer: - Quiet play and best rest, administer O2
⩥ ↓ Platelet. Answer: - Protect child from injury and monitor for
bleeding.
,- Quiet play should be encouraged, it will lessen the R/F injury and ↓
hemorrhage
⩥ Dehydration. Answer: - Assessment, response to parenteral fluids.
the nurse should weigh the patient daily because weight is the most
sensitive indicator of hydration status in clients of all ages.
- Weight is the only measurement the reflects both measurable fluid
balance changes (I/O) and insensible fluid loss (skin and respiratory)
⩥ Koplik spots. Answer: - Maculopapular rash and fever; Rubeola
- Koplik spots: oral lesions that are characteristics of rubeola (measles).
The small, irregular spots with a blue/white center are seen on the
Buccal mucosa, which is opposite the molars, in the prodromal stage of
measles.
- Koplik spots appear about 2 days before maculopapular rash appears
and are accompanied manifestations of fever, malaise, conjunctivitis,
and other cold manifestations.
- They begin to fade the second day after the rash appears. Immunity to
measles is conferred by the MMR (Measles-Mumps-Rubella)
immunization that children receive @ 15 months.
⩥ Rubeola. Answer: Measles; Maculopapular starts on the face and
spreads downward. It desquamates after about 3-4 days. The rash does
not progress to vesicles and crusts like the papules of chicken pox.
, - cephalocaudal rash upper trunk and faceand more confluence as it
spreads to the lower areas of the body.
⩥ Varicella. Answer: Chicken Pox; Vesicles and crusts are present
- Commences with a maculopapular rash that progressess to vesicles on
erythematous bases which eventually rupture and crust over.
⩥ Kawasaki Syndrome (Scarlet Fever). Answer: - Strawberry tongue;
sloughed off its normal coating, exposing swollen prominent papillae.
⩥ Pertussis (whooping Cough). Answer: Paroxysmal Cough
⩥ A1C. Answer: AKA glycosylated hemoglobin assay; is the most
sensitive indication of client compliance with the treatment regimen. The
life span of RBC is about 120 days, and glucose molecules adhere to
about 4-6% of hemoglobin. Because of the longevity of the RBC's recent
changes in diet, activity or medication will not affect the results of this
test.
⩥ Skeletal Traction. Answer: The most effective means of traction,
applying to a bone with wire pins or tongs
⩥ Compartment Syndrome. Answer: Involves the compression of nerves
and blood vessels due to swelling within the enclosed space created by
the fascia that separates groups of muscles
2026 300 PLUS QUESTIONS WITH
DETAILED CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED
A+
⩥ Preschool (3-6 Years). Answer: - IMITATION of adults: providing a
stethoscope allows child an opportunity for THERAPEUTIC play.
- Time based on events, magical thinking, animism, centration.
- Stress = Regresion; may still be picky eaters , sleep 12 hours average,
pedestrian safety
- Keep a consistent bedtime routine
⩥ Pyloromyotomy. Answer: - Release of hypertrophied muscle around
the pyloric sphincter that causes narrowing of the pyloric canal.
- Infants will be fed shortly postoperative (with return of bowel sounds)
in small, frequent oral feeds.
- There is no incision to the gastric walls or mucosa and NPO is not
required.
⩥ Cystic Fibrosis
Nutritional Care. Answer: - ↑ Protein, Carbs and minerals, to promote
weight gain
,- They have difficulty absorbing nutrients due to blockage of pancreatic
enzymes by thick mucus secretions in the pancreas and liver.
- Pancreatic enzymes help breakdown ingested foods so the body can
metabolize nutrients.
- Administering pancreatic enzymes BEFORE eating will enable
children to metabolize nutrients so they can be used more effectively
- Fat content doesn't need to be decreased or eliminated. They have
difficulty absorbing fat due to thick mucus in intestines and the inability
of the pancreatic enzymes to reach the duodenum.
- ↑ of fiber is NOT needed, their stools are bulky because of fat content,
but they have regular bowel movements
- C.F. patients excrete excessive salt through the skin, the child with
cystic fibrosis will likely require additional salt in their diet, especially
during activities.
- 85% O2 Sat = mild hypoxemia, as mucopurulent secretions gather in
airways, respiratory compromise worsens and oxygenation becomes
impaired and ↓ in O2 Sat is likely seen
⩥ Chemotherapy. Answer: - Low WBC count places the child at risk for
infection and isolation with monitoring of fever is priority.
⩥ ↓RBC. Answer: - Quiet play and best rest, administer O2
⩥ ↓ Platelet. Answer: - Protect child from injury and monitor for
bleeding.
,- Quiet play should be encouraged, it will lessen the R/F injury and ↓
hemorrhage
⩥ Dehydration. Answer: - Assessment, response to parenteral fluids.
the nurse should weigh the patient daily because weight is the most
sensitive indicator of hydration status in clients of all ages.
- Weight is the only measurement the reflects both measurable fluid
balance changes (I/O) and insensible fluid loss (skin and respiratory)
⩥ Koplik spots. Answer: - Maculopapular rash and fever; Rubeola
- Koplik spots: oral lesions that are characteristics of rubeola (measles).
The small, irregular spots with a blue/white center are seen on the
Buccal mucosa, which is opposite the molars, in the prodromal stage of
measles.
- Koplik spots appear about 2 days before maculopapular rash appears
and are accompanied manifestations of fever, malaise, conjunctivitis,
and other cold manifestations.
- They begin to fade the second day after the rash appears. Immunity to
measles is conferred by the MMR (Measles-Mumps-Rubella)
immunization that children receive @ 15 months.
⩥ Rubeola. Answer: Measles; Maculopapular starts on the face and
spreads downward. It desquamates after about 3-4 days. The rash does
not progress to vesicles and crusts like the papules of chicken pox.
, - cephalocaudal rash upper trunk and faceand more confluence as it
spreads to the lower areas of the body.
⩥ Varicella. Answer: Chicken Pox; Vesicles and crusts are present
- Commences with a maculopapular rash that progressess to vesicles on
erythematous bases which eventually rupture and crust over.
⩥ Kawasaki Syndrome (Scarlet Fever). Answer: - Strawberry tongue;
sloughed off its normal coating, exposing swollen prominent papillae.
⩥ Pertussis (whooping Cough). Answer: Paroxysmal Cough
⩥ A1C. Answer: AKA glycosylated hemoglobin assay; is the most
sensitive indication of client compliance with the treatment regimen. The
life span of RBC is about 120 days, and glucose molecules adhere to
about 4-6% of hemoglobin. Because of the longevity of the RBC's recent
changes in diet, activity or medication will not affect the results of this
test.
⩥ Skeletal Traction. Answer: The most effective means of traction,
applying to a bone with wire pins or tongs
⩥ Compartment Syndrome. Answer: Involves the compression of nerves
and blood vessels due to swelling within the enclosed space created by
the fascia that separates groups of muscles
