PNR 207/PNR207 Exam 1 V2 | Transition to PN
Practice - Capstone Q&A with Rationale | Fortis
College
1. A nurse is caring for a group of clients on a medical-surgical unit. Which task is most
appropriate for the nurse to delegate to an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)?
A. Evaluating a client’s response to pain medication
B. Providing discharge instructions to a client
C. Assisting a client with a stable gait to the bathroom
D. Performing a sterile dressing change
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Delegation to a UAP must involve tasks that do not require clinical judgment
or nursing assessment. Assisting a stable client with ambulation or hygiene is within the
UAP’s scope of practice. Evaluation, teaching, and complex sterile procedures are
responsibilities reserved for licensed nursing staff.
2. The nurse is preparing to administer a medication to a client. Which action best
demonstrates the ethical principle of nonmaleficence?
A. Allowing the client to refuse the medication
B. Verifying the client’s identity using two identifiers
C. Treating all clients with the same level of care
,D. Advocating for the client’s preferences
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Nonmaleficence is the ethical duty to do no harm to the patient. By verifying
the client’s identity before medication administration, the nurse prevents a potential
medication error. This action directly protects the client from physical injury and adheres
to safety protocols.
3. Which leadership style is characterized by a leader who makes all decisions without
seeking input from staff members?
A. Democratic
B. Autocratic
C. Laissez-faire
D. Transformational
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Autocratic leadership involves centralized decision-making where the leader
maintains total control. This style is often effective in emergency situations where quick
decisions are mandatory. However, it can lead to low staff morale because there is no
collaboration or professional autonomy for subordinates.
4. A nurse discovers a medication error after administering a dose to a client. What is the
nurse’s first priority action?
A. Notify the healthcare provider immediately
, B. Assess the client’s condition
C. Complete an incident report
D. Inform the nurse manager
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: The safety of the client is the primary concern in the event of an error. The
nurse must first assess the client for any adverse effects or changes in vital signs. Once the
client is stable and monitored, the nurse should follow institutional policy regarding
notification and documentation.
5. In the context of quality improvement, what is the primary purpose of a root cause analysis
(RCA) after a sentinel event?
A. To identify which staff member is at fault
B. To identify system failures and prevent recurrence
C. To discipline the individuals involved
D. To provide evidence for legal defense
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Root cause analysis is a systematic process used to identify the underlying
factors that contributed to a safety event. The focus of an RCA is on improving processes
and systems rather than assigning individual blame. By understanding the ‘why’ behind an
error, the facility can implement changes to protect future patients.
Practice - Capstone Q&A with Rationale | Fortis
College
1. A nurse is caring for a group of clients on a medical-surgical unit. Which task is most
appropriate for the nurse to delegate to an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)?
A. Evaluating a client’s response to pain medication
B. Providing discharge instructions to a client
C. Assisting a client with a stable gait to the bathroom
D. Performing a sterile dressing change
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Delegation to a UAP must involve tasks that do not require clinical judgment
or nursing assessment. Assisting a stable client with ambulation or hygiene is within the
UAP’s scope of practice. Evaluation, teaching, and complex sterile procedures are
responsibilities reserved for licensed nursing staff.
2. The nurse is preparing to administer a medication to a client. Which action best
demonstrates the ethical principle of nonmaleficence?
A. Allowing the client to refuse the medication
B. Verifying the client’s identity using two identifiers
C. Treating all clients with the same level of care
,D. Advocating for the client’s preferences
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Nonmaleficence is the ethical duty to do no harm to the patient. By verifying
the client’s identity before medication administration, the nurse prevents a potential
medication error. This action directly protects the client from physical injury and adheres
to safety protocols.
3. Which leadership style is characterized by a leader who makes all decisions without
seeking input from staff members?
A. Democratic
B. Autocratic
C. Laissez-faire
D. Transformational
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Autocratic leadership involves centralized decision-making where the leader
maintains total control. This style is often effective in emergency situations where quick
decisions are mandatory. However, it can lead to low staff morale because there is no
collaboration or professional autonomy for subordinates.
4. A nurse discovers a medication error after administering a dose to a client. What is the
nurse’s first priority action?
A. Notify the healthcare provider immediately
, B. Assess the client’s condition
C. Complete an incident report
D. Inform the nurse manager
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: The safety of the client is the primary concern in the event of an error. The
nurse must first assess the client for any adverse effects or changes in vital signs. Once the
client is stable and monitored, the nurse should follow institutional policy regarding
notification and documentation.
5. In the context of quality improvement, what is the primary purpose of a root cause analysis
(RCA) after a sentinel event?
A. To identify which staff member is at fault
B. To identify system failures and prevent recurrence
C. To discipline the individuals involved
D. To provide evidence for legal defense
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Root cause analysis is a systematic process used to identify the underlying
factors that contributed to a safety event. The focus of an RCA is on improving processes
and systems rather than assigning individual blame. By understanding the ‘why’ behind an
error, the facility can implement changes to protect future patients.
