2023 PN Pharmacology ATI Proctored Exam | Latest Update
2026/2027 | 200 Practice Questions and Verified Answers |
NGN Q&A with Rationales | A+ Graded
1. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has peptic ulcer disease and is to start a new prescription
for sucralfate. Which of the following actions of sucralfate should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. Decreases stomach acid secretion
B. Neutralizes acids in the stomach
C. Forms a protective barrier over ulcers
D. Treats ulcers by eradicating H. pylori
Answer: C. Forms a protective barrier over ulcers
Rationale: Sucralfate acts locally by forming a viscous, protective barrier that adheres to ulcer sites in
the stomach, protecting the tissue from acid and pepsin. It does not neutralize acid or inhibit acid
secretion. This barrier promotes healing of ulcers in peptic ulcer disease.
2. A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has multiple sclerosis and a new prescription for
methylprednisolone. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply)
A. Blood glucose levels will be monitored during therapy
B. Avoid contact with people who have known infections
C. Take the medication 1 hour before breakfast
D. Decrease dietary intake of foods containing potassium
E. Grapefruit juice can increase the effects of this medication
Answer: A, B
,Rationale: Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid that can cause hyperglycemia, so blood glucose
monitoring is essential. It also suppresses the immune system, increasing the risk of infection, so
patients should avoid contact with people who have infections. Corticosteroids can cause potassium
depletion, not retention, so patients should increase potassium intake. Grapefruit juice does not
significantly affect methylprednisolone.
3. A nurse is providing discharge teaching about handling medication to a client who is to continue
taking oral transmucosal fentanyl raspberryflavored lozenges on a stick. Which of the following
information should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. Chew on the medication stick to release the medication
B. Leave the medication stick in one location of the mouth until melted
C. Allow the medication 1 hour for analgesic effects to begin
D. Store unused medication sticks in a storage container
Answer: B. Leave the medication stick in one location of the mouth until melted
Rationale: Oral transmucosal fentanyl lozenges should be placed in the mouth and moved around the
oral mucosa, not chewed. The medication should be consumed over 15 minutes, not 1 hour. Unused
medication should be properly disposed of according to safe disposal guidelines.
4. A nurse is reviewing the ECG of a client who is receiving IV furosemide for heart failure. The nurse
should identify which of the following as an indication of hypokalemia?
A. Tall, tented Twaves
B. Presence of Uwaves
C. Widened QRS complex
D. ST elevation
Answer: B. Presence of Uwaves
,Rationale: Hypokalemia is characterized by the presence of Uwaves on an ECG. Tall, tented Twaves
indicate hyperkalemia. Widened QRS complex and ST elevation are not specifically associated with
hypokalemia.
5. A nurse is caring for a client who has cancer and is taking oral morphine and docusate sodium. The
nurse should instruct the client that taking docusate sodium daily can minimize which of the following
adverse effects of morphine?
A. Constipation
B. Drowsiness
C. Facial flushing
D. Itching
Answer: A. Constipation
Rationale: Opioids like morphine slow GI motility, leading to constipation. Docusate sodium is a stool
softener that prevents opioidinduced constipation and promotes bowel movements.
6. A nurse is planning care for a client who is receiving mannitol via IV continuous infusion. The nurse
should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?
A. Weight loss
B. Increased intraocular pressure
C. Auditory hallucinations
D. Bibasilar crackles
Answer: D. Bibasilar crackles
, Rationale: Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic that pulls fluid from tissues into the vascular space. If the
client's cardiovascular status cannot handle the increased fluid volume, pulmonary edema can develop,
indicated by bibasilar crackles.
7. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a gastric ulcer and a new prescription for ranitidine.
Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
A. "Take the medication on an empty stomach for full effectiveness"
B. "Take the medication with meals"
C. "Avoid taking the medication with antacids"
D. "This medication will heal your ulcer within 3 days"
Answer: A. "Take the medication on an empty stomach for full effectiveness"
Rationale: Ranitidine, an H2receptor antagonist, should be taken on an empty stomach or with meals as
prescribed. It works best when taken 1 hour before meals or at bedtime.
8. A nurse is providing teaching to a newly licensed nurse about metoclopramide. The nurse should
include in the teaching that which of the following conditions is a contraindication to this medication?
A. Hyperthyroidism
B. Intestinal obstruction
C. Glaucoma
D. Low blood pressure
Answer: B. Intestinal obstruction
2026/2027 | 200 Practice Questions and Verified Answers |
NGN Q&A with Rationales | A+ Graded
1. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has peptic ulcer disease and is to start a new prescription
for sucralfate. Which of the following actions of sucralfate should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. Decreases stomach acid secretion
B. Neutralizes acids in the stomach
C. Forms a protective barrier over ulcers
D. Treats ulcers by eradicating H. pylori
Answer: C. Forms a protective barrier over ulcers
Rationale: Sucralfate acts locally by forming a viscous, protective barrier that adheres to ulcer sites in
the stomach, protecting the tissue from acid and pepsin. It does not neutralize acid or inhibit acid
secretion. This barrier promotes healing of ulcers in peptic ulcer disease.
2. A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has multiple sclerosis and a new prescription for
methylprednisolone. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply)
A. Blood glucose levels will be monitored during therapy
B. Avoid contact with people who have known infections
C. Take the medication 1 hour before breakfast
D. Decrease dietary intake of foods containing potassium
E. Grapefruit juice can increase the effects of this medication
Answer: A, B
,Rationale: Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid that can cause hyperglycemia, so blood glucose
monitoring is essential. It also suppresses the immune system, increasing the risk of infection, so
patients should avoid contact with people who have infections. Corticosteroids can cause potassium
depletion, not retention, so patients should increase potassium intake. Grapefruit juice does not
significantly affect methylprednisolone.
3. A nurse is providing discharge teaching about handling medication to a client who is to continue
taking oral transmucosal fentanyl raspberryflavored lozenges on a stick. Which of the following
information should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. Chew on the medication stick to release the medication
B. Leave the medication stick in one location of the mouth until melted
C. Allow the medication 1 hour for analgesic effects to begin
D. Store unused medication sticks in a storage container
Answer: B. Leave the medication stick in one location of the mouth until melted
Rationale: Oral transmucosal fentanyl lozenges should be placed in the mouth and moved around the
oral mucosa, not chewed. The medication should be consumed over 15 minutes, not 1 hour. Unused
medication should be properly disposed of according to safe disposal guidelines.
4. A nurse is reviewing the ECG of a client who is receiving IV furosemide for heart failure. The nurse
should identify which of the following as an indication of hypokalemia?
A. Tall, tented Twaves
B. Presence of Uwaves
C. Widened QRS complex
D. ST elevation
Answer: B. Presence of Uwaves
,Rationale: Hypokalemia is characterized by the presence of Uwaves on an ECG. Tall, tented Twaves
indicate hyperkalemia. Widened QRS complex and ST elevation are not specifically associated with
hypokalemia.
5. A nurse is caring for a client who has cancer and is taking oral morphine and docusate sodium. The
nurse should instruct the client that taking docusate sodium daily can minimize which of the following
adverse effects of morphine?
A. Constipation
B. Drowsiness
C. Facial flushing
D. Itching
Answer: A. Constipation
Rationale: Opioids like morphine slow GI motility, leading to constipation. Docusate sodium is a stool
softener that prevents opioidinduced constipation and promotes bowel movements.
6. A nurse is planning care for a client who is receiving mannitol via IV continuous infusion. The nurse
should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?
A. Weight loss
B. Increased intraocular pressure
C. Auditory hallucinations
D. Bibasilar crackles
Answer: D. Bibasilar crackles
, Rationale: Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic that pulls fluid from tissues into the vascular space. If the
client's cardiovascular status cannot handle the increased fluid volume, pulmonary edema can develop,
indicated by bibasilar crackles.
7. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a gastric ulcer and a new prescription for ranitidine.
Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
A. "Take the medication on an empty stomach for full effectiveness"
B. "Take the medication with meals"
C. "Avoid taking the medication with antacids"
D. "This medication will heal your ulcer within 3 days"
Answer: A. "Take the medication on an empty stomach for full effectiveness"
Rationale: Ranitidine, an H2receptor antagonist, should be taken on an empty stomach or with meals as
prescribed. It works best when taken 1 hour before meals or at bedtime.
8. A nurse is providing teaching to a newly licensed nurse about metoclopramide. The nurse should
include in the teaching that which of the following conditions is a contraindication to this medication?
A. Hyperthyroidism
B. Intestinal obstruction
C. Glaucoma
D. Low blood pressure
Answer: B. Intestinal obstruction
