What is a friction rub?
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- scratching sound that can be heard through a stethoscope
- murmur
What is a pericardial effusion?
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- additional fluid accumulating in the pericardial space
- surrounds the heart
- if it accumulates to levels of 200 mL or greater, it can compress the heart
and cause cardiac tamponade
,Infective Endocarditis Pathogenesis
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- damaged valves
- prosthetic valves
- pace makers
- hospital acquired infections
- IV drug abuse
- central lines
vegetations may embolize
Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) Etiology
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- Arteries
- Atherosclerosis most common cause
- Peripheral Arterial Disease
--- Disease of superficial vessels (usually legs-femoral artery, but in Carotid
artery too)
--- Seen most in older men
--- Risk factors are the same as for atherosclerosis
- CLINICAL CONCEPT: peripheral neuropathy from diabetes increases risk
of infection, gangrene, and limb amputation
Infective Endocarditis Diagnosis
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, - positive blood cultures
- echocardiogram
- murmur
- predisposing condition
Physical Activity
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- helps deal with stress
- AHA guidelines:
1. 150 minutes moderate activity/75 minutes rigorous activity per week
2. muscle strengthening 2 days per week
3. spend less time sitting
Infective Endocarditis Clinical Manifestations/Hallmark Signs
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, - Generally non-specific low-grade fever (most consistent sign):
--- fatigue
--- weight loss
--- flu-like symptoms
- more specific:
--- sudden onset fever, chills, malaise
--- murmur
--- signs of ischemia (embolic)
classic:
- petechiae
- splinter hemorrhages
- osler's nodes
- janeway lesions
- roth spots
Describe the endothelium
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a metabolically active tissue that can secrete chemical mediators that
activate vasodilation, vasoconstriction, clotting, and new growth of blood
vessels
Infective Endocarditis Etiology
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- infection of intravascular lines that have been infected with
Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infections
- result in inflammation
Give this one a try later!
- scratching sound that can be heard through a stethoscope
- murmur
What is a pericardial effusion?
Give this one a try later!
- additional fluid accumulating in the pericardial space
- surrounds the heart
- if it accumulates to levels of 200 mL or greater, it can compress the heart
and cause cardiac tamponade
,Infective Endocarditis Pathogenesis
Give this one a try later!
- damaged valves
- prosthetic valves
- pace makers
- hospital acquired infections
- IV drug abuse
- central lines
vegetations may embolize
Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) Etiology
Give this one a try later!
- Arteries
- Atherosclerosis most common cause
- Peripheral Arterial Disease
--- Disease of superficial vessels (usually legs-femoral artery, but in Carotid
artery too)
--- Seen most in older men
--- Risk factors are the same as for atherosclerosis
- CLINICAL CONCEPT: peripheral neuropathy from diabetes increases risk
of infection, gangrene, and limb amputation
Infective Endocarditis Diagnosis
Give this one a try later!
, - positive blood cultures
- echocardiogram
- murmur
- predisposing condition
Physical Activity
Give this one a try later!
- helps deal with stress
- AHA guidelines:
1. 150 minutes moderate activity/75 minutes rigorous activity per week
2. muscle strengthening 2 days per week
3. spend less time sitting
Infective Endocarditis Clinical Manifestations/Hallmark Signs
Give this one a try later!
, - Generally non-specific low-grade fever (most consistent sign):
--- fatigue
--- weight loss
--- flu-like symptoms
- more specific:
--- sudden onset fever, chills, malaise
--- murmur
--- signs of ischemia (embolic)
classic:
- petechiae
- splinter hemorrhages
- osler's nodes
- janeway lesions
- roth spots
Describe the endothelium
Give this one a try later!
a metabolically active tissue that can secrete chemical mediators that
activate vasodilation, vasoconstriction, clotting, and new growth of blood
vessels
Infective Endocarditis Etiology
Give this one a try later!
- infection of intravascular lines that have been infected with
Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infections
- result in inflammation
