NURS 3335 EXAM– QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | VERIFIED
AND WELL DETAILED ANSWERS PLUS RATIONALES |
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1. A baccalaureate-prepared nurse is analyzing quality outcomes across an inpatient
medical-surgical unit. Which of the following core competencies best distinguishes
professional nursing practice at this educational level from technical nursing practice?
A. Executing routine physician-prescribed medication administrations under direct supervision
B. Utilizing complex research methodologies to design evidence-based clinical practice
guidelines
C. Performing mechanical technical skills such as sterile dressing changes and urinary catheter
placements
D. Recording physiological parameters and reporting variances directly to charge nurses
ANSWER: B. Utilizing complex research methodologies to design evidence-based clinical
practice guidelines
Baccalaureate nursing education emphasizes critical appraisal of research, synthesis of
evidence, and the design of evidence-based practice protocols to improve healthcare quality.
Options A, C, and D describe technical and entry-level competencies expected of both
associate and baccalaureate graduates without highlighting advanced research synthesis.
2. A nurse manager is reviewing hospital admission data and notes an increase in
healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). Which of the following foundational nursing
theories should the nurse apply to evaluate how the patient’s physical environment impacts
healing and infection control?
A. Orem Self-Care Deficit Theory
B. Nightingale Environmental Theory
C. Roy Adaptation Model
D. Peplau Interpersonal Relations Theory
ANSWER: B. Nightingale Environmental Theory
Florence Nightingale's Environmental Theory focuses on the manipulation of the physical
environment—such as ventilation, cleanliness, purity of water, and light—to facilitate patient
recovery and prevent infection. Option A focuses on self-care deficits. Option C addresses
adaptive modes and coping. Option D emphasizes the nurse-patient therapeutic relationship.
3. A nurse is caring for an adult client who demonstrates severe anxiety following a new
diagnosis of chronic kidney disease. According to Peplau’s Theory of Interpersonal
,Relations, which of the following nursing actions is most appropriate during the orientation
phase?
A. Collaborating with the client to establish mutual goals and identify immediate concerns
B. Resolving all of the client's psychosocial problems independently without patient input
C. Initiating physical rehabilitation exercises to improve muscular strength immediately
D. Discharging the client from clinical care once basic physiological stability is achieved
ANSWER: A. Collaborating with the client to establish mutual goals and identify immediate
concerns
During the orientation phase of Peplau's theory, the nurse and client collaborate to identify
the problem, establish trust, and set mutual goals. Option B undermines patient autonomy.
Option C focuses on physical tasks rather than therapeutic orientation. Option D prematurely
terminates the professional relationship.
4. A nurse is evaluating the clinical utility of an evidence-based clinical practice guideline
for managing postoperative pain. Which of the following sections of a research report
provides the most relevant data regarding the practical applicability of the guideline?
A. Introduction and literature review
B. Methods and statistical power analysis
C. Discussion and implications for nursing practice
D. References and bibliography lists
ANSWER: C. Discussion and implications for nursing practice
The discussion section synthesizes study findings, addresses limitations, and outlines practical
clinical implications, making it vital for evaluating applicability. Option A provides
background context. Option B details study design and statistics. Option D lists citation
sources.
5. A nurse researcher is conducting a qualitative study exploring the lived experiences of
caregivers caring for family members with dementia. Which of the following qualitative
research methods is most appropriate for this objective?
A. Randomized controlled trial (RCT)
B. Phenomenological research
C. Retrospective cohort study
D. Descriptive correlational survey
ANSWER: B. Phenomenological research
Phenomenology is a qualitative research approach designed to examine and describe human
lived experiences and subjective phenomena. Option A is an experimental quantitative design.
,Option C is an observational quantitative design. Option D is a non-experimental quantitative
survey design.
6. A nurse is preparing an educational seminar on healthcare reimbursement models.
Which of the following healthcare financing models reimburses providers based on a
predetermined, fixed amount per diagnostic category regardless of the actual cost of care
delivered?
A. Fee-for-service model
B. Prospective payment system (Diagnosis-Related Groups - DRGs)
C. Capitated managed care plan
D. Out-of-pocket self-pay mechanism
ANSWER: B. Prospective payment system (Diagnosis-Related Groups - DRGs)
Prospective payment systems use Diagnosis-Related Groups (DRGs) to categorize hospital
inpatient care and establish fixed reimbursement rates prior to service delivery. Option A
reimburses per individual service rendered, incentivizing volume. Option C pays a fixed
monthly sum per enrolled member regardless of utilization. Option D places financial
responsibility directly on the consumer.
7. A nurse leader is implementing a strategic organizational change to transition an
inpatient unit to electronic health records (EHRs). According to Kurt Lewin’s change
theory, which of the following activities occurs during the "unfreezing" stage?
A. Stabilizing the new EHR workflow and reinforcing permanent behavioral habits
B. Imposing mandatory software programs without consulting staff members
C. Demonstrating the inadequacy of current paper-based documentation systems to create
motivation for change
D. Ignoring staff resistance and penalizing nurses who express workflow concerns
ANSWER: C. Demonstrating the inadequacy of current paper-based documentation
systems to create motivation for change
The unfreezing stage involves raising awareness of the need for change, disrupting the status
quo, and motivating staff to let go of old behaviors. Option A describes the refreezing stage.
Option B and Option D lack collaborative leadership and foster dysfunctional organizational
resistance.
8. A staff nurse observes a colleague consistently documenting vital signs that were never
actually measured. Which of the following ethical principles is the colleague violating?
A. Beneficence
B. Veracity
C. Autonomy
D. Paternalism
, ANSWER: B. Veracity
Veracity is the ethical duty to tell the truth and not deceive or mislead others. Documenting
unmeasured vital signs is falsification and violates veracity. Option A refers to doing good.
Option C refers to self-determination. Option D involves overriding patient choices for
purported benefit.
9. A nurse manager is addressing a conflict between two staff nurses regarding weekend
holiday scheduling. Which of the following conflict resolution strategies represents a win-
win approach (collaborating)?
A. Imposing a mandatory schedule without listening to either nurse's preferences
B. Encouraging both nurses to openly discuss their scheduling needs and jointly design a fair
holiday rotation policy
C. Ignoring the conflict entirely and hoping the nurses resolve it through mutual avoidance
D. Forcing one nurse to work all holidays while granting the other nurse continuous time off
ANSWER: B. Encouraging both nurses to openly discuss their scheduling needs and jointly
design a fair holiday rotation policy
Collaboration involves open communication, joint problem-solving, and addressing concerns
to achieve a mutually satisfying outcome (win-win). Option A and Option D represent win-lose
autocratic approaches. Option C represents avoidance, which leaves the root conflict
unresolved.
10. A nurse is reviewing a peer-reviewed research article to determine the validity of a new
fall-prevention protocol. Which of the following methodological features provides the
highest level of quantitative research evidence?
A. A descriptive case study of a single client who experienced a fall
B. A systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs)
C. An expert clinical opinion essay published in a professional magazine
D. A non-randomized cross-sectional survey of nurse attitudes toward falls
ANSWER: B. A systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs)
Systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials sit at the apex of the quantitative evidence
hierarchy because they synthesize rigorous experimental data. Options A, C, and D provide
lower levels of research evidence due to increased risk of bias and lack of experimental
control.
11. A nurse is caring for an adult client who expresses profound spiritual distress after
receiving a terminal cancer diagnosis. Which of the following nursing interventions is most
appropriate?
A. Advise the client to suppress emotional thoughts and focus solely on medical treatments
AND WELL DETAILED ANSWERS PLUS RATIONALES |
GUARANTEED PASS | LATEST EXAM UPDATE | EXAM PREP |
STUDY GUIDE | PRACTICE TEST| DOWNLOAD INSTANT PDF
1. A baccalaureate-prepared nurse is analyzing quality outcomes across an inpatient
medical-surgical unit. Which of the following core competencies best distinguishes
professional nursing practice at this educational level from technical nursing practice?
A. Executing routine physician-prescribed medication administrations under direct supervision
B. Utilizing complex research methodologies to design evidence-based clinical practice
guidelines
C. Performing mechanical technical skills such as sterile dressing changes and urinary catheter
placements
D. Recording physiological parameters and reporting variances directly to charge nurses
ANSWER: B. Utilizing complex research methodologies to design evidence-based clinical
practice guidelines
Baccalaureate nursing education emphasizes critical appraisal of research, synthesis of
evidence, and the design of evidence-based practice protocols to improve healthcare quality.
Options A, C, and D describe technical and entry-level competencies expected of both
associate and baccalaureate graduates without highlighting advanced research synthesis.
2. A nurse manager is reviewing hospital admission data and notes an increase in
healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). Which of the following foundational nursing
theories should the nurse apply to evaluate how the patient’s physical environment impacts
healing and infection control?
A. Orem Self-Care Deficit Theory
B. Nightingale Environmental Theory
C. Roy Adaptation Model
D. Peplau Interpersonal Relations Theory
ANSWER: B. Nightingale Environmental Theory
Florence Nightingale's Environmental Theory focuses on the manipulation of the physical
environment—such as ventilation, cleanliness, purity of water, and light—to facilitate patient
recovery and prevent infection. Option A focuses on self-care deficits. Option C addresses
adaptive modes and coping. Option D emphasizes the nurse-patient therapeutic relationship.
3. A nurse is caring for an adult client who demonstrates severe anxiety following a new
diagnosis of chronic kidney disease. According to Peplau’s Theory of Interpersonal
,Relations, which of the following nursing actions is most appropriate during the orientation
phase?
A. Collaborating with the client to establish mutual goals and identify immediate concerns
B. Resolving all of the client's psychosocial problems independently without patient input
C. Initiating physical rehabilitation exercises to improve muscular strength immediately
D. Discharging the client from clinical care once basic physiological stability is achieved
ANSWER: A. Collaborating with the client to establish mutual goals and identify immediate
concerns
During the orientation phase of Peplau's theory, the nurse and client collaborate to identify
the problem, establish trust, and set mutual goals. Option B undermines patient autonomy.
Option C focuses on physical tasks rather than therapeutic orientation. Option D prematurely
terminates the professional relationship.
4. A nurse is evaluating the clinical utility of an evidence-based clinical practice guideline
for managing postoperative pain. Which of the following sections of a research report
provides the most relevant data regarding the practical applicability of the guideline?
A. Introduction and literature review
B. Methods and statistical power analysis
C. Discussion and implications for nursing practice
D. References and bibliography lists
ANSWER: C. Discussion and implications for nursing practice
The discussion section synthesizes study findings, addresses limitations, and outlines practical
clinical implications, making it vital for evaluating applicability. Option A provides
background context. Option B details study design and statistics. Option D lists citation
sources.
5. A nurse researcher is conducting a qualitative study exploring the lived experiences of
caregivers caring for family members with dementia. Which of the following qualitative
research methods is most appropriate for this objective?
A. Randomized controlled trial (RCT)
B. Phenomenological research
C. Retrospective cohort study
D. Descriptive correlational survey
ANSWER: B. Phenomenological research
Phenomenology is a qualitative research approach designed to examine and describe human
lived experiences and subjective phenomena. Option A is an experimental quantitative design.
,Option C is an observational quantitative design. Option D is a non-experimental quantitative
survey design.
6. A nurse is preparing an educational seminar on healthcare reimbursement models.
Which of the following healthcare financing models reimburses providers based on a
predetermined, fixed amount per diagnostic category regardless of the actual cost of care
delivered?
A. Fee-for-service model
B. Prospective payment system (Diagnosis-Related Groups - DRGs)
C. Capitated managed care plan
D. Out-of-pocket self-pay mechanism
ANSWER: B. Prospective payment system (Diagnosis-Related Groups - DRGs)
Prospective payment systems use Diagnosis-Related Groups (DRGs) to categorize hospital
inpatient care and establish fixed reimbursement rates prior to service delivery. Option A
reimburses per individual service rendered, incentivizing volume. Option C pays a fixed
monthly sum per enrolled member regardless of utilization. Option D places financial
responsibility directly on the consumer.
7. A nurse leader is implementing a strategic organizational change to transition an
inpatient unit to electronic health records (EHRs). According to Kurt Lewin’s change
theory, which of the following activities occurs during the "unfreezing" stage?
A. Stabilizing the new EHR workflow and reinforcing permanent behavioral habits
B. Imposing mandatory software programs without consulting staff members
C. Demonstrating the inadequacy of current paper-based documentation systems to create
motivation for change
D. Ignoring staff resistance and penalizing nurses who express workflow concerns
ANSWER: C. Demonstrating the inadequacy of current paper-based documentation
systems to create motivation for change
The unfreezing stage involves raising awareness of the need for change, disrupting the status
quo, and motivating staff to let go of old behaviors. Option A describes the refreezing stage.
Option B and Option D lack collaborative leadership and foster dysfunctional organizational
resistance.
8. A staff nurse observes a colleague consistently documenting vital signs that were never
actually measured. Which of the following ethical principles is the colleague violating?
A. Beneficence
B. Veracity
C. Autonomy
D. Paternalism
, ANSWER: B. Veracity
Veracity is the ethical duty to tell the truth and not deceive or mislead others. Documenting
unmeasured vital signs is falsification and violates veracity. Option A refers to doing good.
Option C refers to self-determination. Option D involves overriding patient choices for
purported benefit.
9. A nurse manager is addressing a conflict between two staff nurses regarding weekend
holiday scheduling. Which of the following conflict resolution strategies represents a win-
win approach (collaborating)?
A. Imposing a mandatory schedule without listening to either nurse's preferences
B. Encouraging both nurses to openly discuss their scheduling needs and jointly design a fair
holiday rotation policy
C. Ignoring the conflict entirely and hoping the nurses resolve it through mutual avoidance
D. Forcing one nurse to work all holidays while granting the other nurse continuous time off
ANSWER: B. Encouraging both nurses to openly discuss their scheduling needs and jointly
design a fair holiday rotation policy
Collaboration involves open communication, joint problem-solving, and addressing concerns
to achieve a mutually satisfying outcome (win-win). Option A and Option D represent win-lose
autocratic approaches. Option C represents avoidance, which leaves the root conflict
unresolved.
10. A nurse is reviewing a peer-reviewed research article to determine the validity of a new
fall-prevention protocol. Which of the following methodological features provides the
highest level of quantitative research evidence?
A. A descriptive case study of a single client who experienced a fall
B. A systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs)
C. An expert clinical opinion essay published in a professional magazine
D. A non-randomized cross-sectional survey of nurse attitudes toward falls
ANSWER: B. A systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs)
Systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials sit at the apex of the quantitative evidence
hierarchy because they synthesize rigorous experimental data. Options A, C, and D provide
lower levels of research evidence due to increased risk of bias and lack of experimental
control.
11. A nurse is caring for an adult client who expresses profound spiritual distress after
receiving a terminal cancer diagnosis. Which of the following nursing interventions is most
appropriate?
A. Advise the client to suppress emotional thoughts and focus solely on medical treatments
