NM 704 test 1 (module 1 and 2) Questions with
Correct Answers
What is the best way to present statistics when explaining the evidence?
ABSOLUTE (not relative risk) so you would say 3 out of 10,000 instead of the risk with care
option A is 3 times higher than the risk of outcome B
What are the 4 changes in the cervix necessary for onset and progress of labor?
Softening, Ripening (effacement), Dilation, Repair
What is the significance of progesterone on the onset and progress of labor
[the hormone that keeps the uterus quiet] Progesterone is a central hormone leading to uterine
quiescence. When progesterone dominates, labor onset it prevented. (progress of labor -
none)
What is the significance of estrogen on the onset and progress of labor
Onset - plays a central role in the activation of labor (phase 1). It is a uterotropin, a hormone
that facilitates the initiation of labor. Under the influence of estrogen, uterine myometrial
cells express receptors for prostaglandins and oxytocin, and is necessary for the development
of gap junctions (progress of labor, none)
What is the significance of prostaglandins on the onset and progress of labor
Onset - plays a role in labor activation and acts as a uterotropin by increasing myometrial
sensitivity to oxytocin and stimulating the formation of gap junctions.
Progress of labor - promotes decreased collagen content in the cervix, leading to cervical
softening and effacement. also produces uterine decidua and promotes uterine contractions
What is the role of Oxytocin in progress of labor
, Progress - Binding of oxytocin to oxytocin receptors in the uterus causes contractions. it also
leads to the production of prostaglandins in the uterine decidua
what is the role of Oxytocin receptors in progress of labor
Progress - increase dramatically in the last weeks of pregnancy. Changes in oxytocin receptor
number and sensitivity are the primary influence on the strength and frequency of
contractions in active labor, not the production and release of oxytocin
What is the role of Gap Junction in onset and progress of labor
Onset - allows communication between muscle fibers that allows for coordination of
contractions. Progress - needed for both onset and effective progress of labor.
Which hormone becomes more active in the activation phase of labor onset?
(prostaglandin, oxytocin, or progesterone)
A - Prostaglandins
Which hormones are active during quienscense ? (4)
progesterone, nitric oxide, relaxin, and prostacyclin (all inhibitors of uterine contractions)
Which hormones are active during phase 1 activation?
Estrogen and prostaglandins (these prepare the uterus to contract)
Which hormones are active during phase 2 stimulation?
Oxytocin and prostaglandins (these cause uterine contractions and promote labor progression)
what does the diagonal conjugate measure? which plane?
the distance form the bottom of the symphysis pubis to the sacral promontory. The inlet.
What does the interspinous diameter measure? which plane?
Correct Answers
What is the best way to present statistics when explaining the evidence?
ABSOLUTE (not relative risk) so you would say 3 out of 10,000 instead of the risk with care
option A is 3 times higher than the risk of outcome B
What are the 4 changes in the cervix necessary for onset and progress of labor?
Softening, Ripening (effacement), Dilation, Repair
What is the significance of progesterone on the onset and progress of labor
[the hormone that keeps the uterus quiet] Progesterone is a central hormone leading to uterine
quiescence. When progesterone dominates, labor onset it prevented. (progress of labor -
none)
What is the significance of estrogen on the onset and progress of labor
Onset - plays a central role in the activation of labor (phase 1). It is a uterotropin, a hormone
that facilitates the initiation of labor. Under the influence of estrogen, uterine myometrial
cells express receptors for prostaglandins and oxytocin, and is necessary for the development
of gap junctions (progress of labor, none)
What is the significance of prostaglandins on the onset and progress of labor
Onset - plays a role in labor activation and acts as a uterotropin by increasing myometrial
sensitivity to oxytocin and stimulating the formation of gap junctions.
Progress of labor - promotes decreased collagen content in the cervix, leading to cervical
softening and effacement. also produces uterine decidua and promotes uterine contractions
What is the role of Oxytocin in progress of labor
, Progress - Binding of oxytocin to oxytocin receptors in the uterus causes contractions. it also
leads to the production of prostaglandins in the uterine decidua
what is the role of Oxytocin receptors in progress of labor
Progress - increase dramatically in the last weeks of pregnancy. Changes in oxytocin receptor
number and sensitivity are the primary influence on the strength and frequency of
contractions in active labor, not the production and release of oxytocin
What is the role of Gap Junction in onset and progress of labor
Onset - allows communication between muscle fibers that allows for coordination of
contractions. Progress - needed for both onset and effective progress of labor.
Which hormone becomes more active in the activation phase of labor onset?
(prostaglandin, oxytocin, or progesterone)
A - Prostaglandins
Which hormones are active during quienscense ? (4)
progesterone, nitric oxide, relaxin, and prostacyclin (all inhibitors of uterine contractions)
Which hormones are active during phase 1 activation?
Estrogen and prostaglandins (these prepare the uterus to contract)
Which hormones are active during phase 2 stimulation?
Oxytocin and prostaglandins (these cause uterine contractions and promote labor progression)
what does the diagonal conjugate measure? which plane?
the distance form the bottom of the symphysis pubis to the sacral promontory. The inlet.
What does the interspinous diameter measure? which plane?
