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NR 341 Exam 2 | 700+ Practice Questions & Verified Answers | Shock, Hemodynamic Monitoring, Trauma, Burns, Acute Kidney Injury & Neurological Critical Care

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Prepare confidently for NR 341 Exam 2 with this comprehensive study guide featuring 700+ expertly verified practice questions and correct answers covering advanced concepts in complex adult health and critical care nursing. This resource provides an in-depth review of hemodynamic monitoring, shock, acute kidney injury (AKI), chronic kidney disease (CKD), trauma nursing, burn management, neurological emergencies, traumatic brain injury (TBI), spinal cord injury (SCI), increased intracranial pressure (ICP), seizure management, and evidence-based nursing interventions. Organized in a structured question-and-answer format, this guide strengthens critical thinking, reinforces advanced clinical concepts, and prepares students for classroom examinations, ATI, HESI, and NCLEX-RN success. This study guide thoroughly reviews cardiovascular assessment and advanced hemodynamic monitoring, including pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP), pulmonary artery catheterization, central venous pressure (CVP), arterial lines (A-lines), preload, afterload, mean arterial pressure (MAP), waveform interpretation, arterial blood pressure monitoring, transducer calibration, neurovascular assessment, arterial line maintenance and removal, and fluid volume assessment. It also provides comprehensive coverage of all major shock states, including hypovolemic, cardiogenic, obstructive, septic, neurogenic, and anaphylactic shock, with detailed discussion of pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, hemodynamic changes, pharmacologic management, fluid resuscitation, vasopressors, inotropes, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), and evidence-based nursing priorities. The material further explores acute kidney injury (AKI), chronic kidney disease (CKD), renal replacement therapy, dialysis, electrolyte abnormalities, hyperkalemia management, vascular access assessment, kidney transplantation, and renal nursing care. Additionally, the guide provides extensive review of trauma and emergency nursing, including Emergency Severity Index (ESI), START triage, primary and secondary trauma surveys (ABCDE), blunt and penetrating trauma, thoracic injuries, pneumothorax, hemothorax, cardiac tamponade, flail chest, crush injuries, rhabdomyolysis, fat embolism syndrome, environmental emergencies, poisoning, hypothermia, hyperthermia, and comprehensive trauma stabilization. It also covers burn pathophysiology, burn classifications, Rule of Nines, Parkland Formula, inhalation injuries, burn resuscitation, wound care, grafting, infection prevention, nutritional support, and rehabilitation. The neurological section includes increased intracranial pressure (ICP), cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), traumatic brain injuries, skull fractures, concussion management, diffuse axonal injury, hematomas, seizure disorders, postoperative neurosurgical care, spinal cord injuries, autonomic dysreflexia, neurogenic shock, halo traction, and evidence-based neurological nursing interventions. This organized question-and-answer format makes the document an exceptional resource for comprehensive examinations, critical care clinical rotations, ATI, HESI, and NCLEX-RN preparation. The concepts presented align with evidence-based critical care and medical-surgical nursing references, including Harding, M. M., Kwong, J., Roberts, D., Hagler, D., & Reinisch, C. Lewis's Medical-Surgical Nursing: Assessment and Management of Clinical Problems (12th ed., Elsevier), Urden, L. D., Stacy, K. M., & Lough, M. E. Critical Care Nursing: Diagnosis and Management (9th ed., Elsevier), Hinkle, J. L., & Cheever, K. H. Brunner & Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing (15th ed., Wolters Kluwer), the American Burn Association (ABA) Burn Care Guidelines, the American Heart Association (AHA) ACLS Guidelines, the Brain Trauma Foundation Guidelines for Severe Traumatic Brain Injury, the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Clinical Practice Guidelines, and the National Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN) NCLEX-RN® Test Plan. These authoritative references provide the scientific and clinical foundation for complex adult health, trauma, critical care, renal, and neurological nursing education. The questions and answers contained within this uploaded document are derived from the study guide itself and are not reproduced from these publications. Relevant Students: NR 341 Nursing students Complex Adult Health Nursing students Medical-Surgical Nursing students Critical Care Nursing students Adult Health Nursing students Trauma Nursing students Emergency Nursing students Neurocritical Care students Critical Care clinical students ICU and Progressive Care (PCU) students BSN Nursing students ADN Nursing students Accelerated BSN students Pre-Licensure Nursing students Registered Nursing (RN) students ATI Comprehensive Review students HESI Nursing students NCLEX-RN candidates Keywords NR 341, NR 341 Exam 2, Complex Adult Health Nursing, Critical Care Nursing, Medical Surgical Nursing, Hemodynamic Monitoring, PAWP, Pulmonary Artery Catheter, Central Venous Pressure, CVP, Arterial Line, A Line, Mean Arterial Pressure, MAP, Preload, Afterload, Cardiac Output, Fluid Volume Assessment, Shock, Hypovolemic Shock, Cardiogenic Shock, Septic Shock, Neurogenic Shock, Anaphylactic Shock, Obstructive Shock, MODS, Acute Kidney Injury, AKI, Chronic Kidney Disease, CKD, Dialysis, Hemodialysis, Renal Replacement Therapy, Hyperkalemia, AV Fistula, Trauma Nursing, Emergency Severity Index, ESI, START Triage, Primary Survey, Secondary Survey, ABCDE Trauma Assessment, Blunt Trauma, Penetrating Trauma, Pneumothorax, Tension Pneumothorax, Hemothorax, Cardiac Tamponade, Flail Chest, Crush Injury, Rhabdomyolysis, Fat Embolism Syndrome, Burn Care, Rule of Nines, Parkland Formula, Burn Resuscitation, Inhalation Injury, Burn Wound Care, Skin Grafts, Increased Intracranial Pressure, ICP, Cerebral Perfusion Pressure, CPP, Traumatic Brain Injury, TBI, Skull Fracture, Concussion, Epidural Hematoma, Subdural Hematoma, Diffuse Axonal Injury, Seizure Management, Status Epilepticus, Spinal Cord Injury, SCI, Autonomic Dysreflexia, Neurogenic Shock, Halo Traction, Critical Care Assessment, ATI Adult Health, HESI Adult Health, NCLEX Review, Nursing Practice Questions, Nursing Exam Questions

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NR 341 Exam 2 2026 Exam
Questions and Correct
Answers | New Update



What parameters are assessed to evaluate fluid volume status? -

ANSWER ✔✔Vital signs (BP), central venous pressure (CVP),

pulmonary artery pressure (PAP), breath sounds, oxygen saturation, skin

turgor, edema, and weight.


What are the types of hemodynamic monitoring? - ANSWER

✔✔Pulmonary artery (PA) monitoring/PAWP/PAOP/LAP, Direct arterial

BP monitoring, Right arterial pressure (RAP)/CVP monitoring


Where is PAWP/LAP placed? - ANSWER ✔✔placed in the left side of

the heart and measures the left ventricular function

,What is the normal range for PAWP? - ANSWER ✔✔6-12 mmHg.


What does a high PAWP indicate? - ANSWER ✔✔Large amounts of

fluid in the lungs, like CHF


What does a low PAWP indicate? - ANSWER ✔✔Severe dehydration


What else can PAWP/LAP measure? - ANSWER ✔✔central venous

pressure (CVP)


How is direct arterial blood pressure monitored? - ANSWER

✔✔Through an arterial line (A-line), which is an angiocath in the artery


How is a right arterial pressure (RAP)/ central venous pressure (CVP)

line placed? - ANSWER ✔✔Triple lumen central line that is inserted

into either the femoral, radial, or brachial vein that travels to the right

atrium through the vena cava (superior/inferior)


How is RAP/CVP placed? - ANSWER ✔✔using an aseptic technique

that can be done bedside with consent, pt is in supine/trendelenburg

position, placement is confirmed with a chest x-ray


What is the normal range for RAP/CVP? - ANSWER ✔✔2-8 mmHg.


What can high RAP/CVP indicate? - ANSWER ✔✔Right-sided heart

failure.

,What can low RAP/CVP indicate? - ANSWER ✔✔Severe

dehydration.

What else could a high or low RAP/CVP reading indicate? -

ANSWER ✔✔wrong placement of the transducer


What are some complications of CVP monitoring? - ANSWER

✔✔Pneumothorax, infection, bleeding, thrombus, and embolism.


What is preload? - ANSWER ✔✔The volume of blood in the

ventricles at the end of diastole.


What causes increased preload? - ANSWER ✔✔Hypervolemia,

regurgitation of cardiac valves, and heart failure.

What are the manifestations and treatment for increased preload? -

ANSWER ✔✔Manifestations: high CVP/PAWP


Treatment: remove fluids, fluid restriction


What can cause decreased preload? - ANSWER ✔✔fluid volume

deficit, bleeding, diarrhea, diabetes insipidus

What are the manifestations and treatment of decreased preload? -

ANSWER ✔✔Manifestations: Low BP, dry mucous membranes, s/s of

dehydration


COPYRIGHT©PROFFKERRYMARTIN 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2026. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE.
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, Treatment: fluids


What is afterload? - ANSWER ✔✔The resistance the left ventricle

must overcome to circulate blood.


What conditions increase afterload? - ANSWER ✔✔Hypertension,

vasoconstriction (results in high cardiac workload)


What causes increased afterload? - ANSWER ✔✔HTN,

atherosclerotic plaque buildup


What is the treatment for increased afterload? - ANSWER

✔✔Nitroglycerin


What are some causes of decreased afterload? - ANSWER ✔✔too

much nitro, anaphylaxis shock

What are the manifestations and treatment of decreased afterload? -

ANSWER ✔✔Manifestation: flushed skin


Treatment: vasoconstrictive medication (epi)

What is the formula for calculating Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP)? -

ANSWER ✔✔MAP = (systolic BP + (diastolic BP x 2))/3.


What is the normal range for MAP? - ANSWER ✔✔70-100 mmHg,

with at least 65 mmHg being necessary for organ perfusion.

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