CDFM MODULE 1 EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
What prevents Congress and the President from unilaterally making laws and treaties? -
Separation of Power
What give Congress the authority to make laws? - Article 1, Section 8 of the
Constitution
Who reviews the constitution for interpretation of the constitution? - Supreme Court
Who has the power to raise taxes given in Article 1 of the Constitution? - Congress
(Legislative Branch)
What does the Congress of the US consist of? - Senate (6 yrs); House (2 yrs)
All bills for raising Revenue shall originate where? But the Senate may propose or
concur with Amendments as on other Bills. - House of Representative
To be able to override a presidential veto, the House has to have a majority to pass the
bill; and if approved, then goes to the Senate for a vote to pass the bill. If approved, the
Bill becomes Law. What is the percentage the vote has to pass by in both the House &
Senate? - 2/3 and 2/3
If any Bill shall not be returned by the President after it has been presented to him, the
Same shall be a law. How many days? - 10 Days
Who has the power to lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts and Excises to pay the
debts and provide for the common defense and general welfare of the United States. -
Congress
Article 1, Section 8 of the Constitution allows for what? - 1) borrow money on credit 2)
regulate commerce; 3) Coin money; 4) Constitute Tribunals; 5) Declare War; 6) Raise
and support Armies; 7) provide and maintain Navy; 8) Make Rules for Government
Regulation of land and naval forces; 9) Provide for calling forth Militia; 10) to make all
laws
No money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but in the Consequence of Appropriations
made by law. - Article 1, Section 9
Once the money officially and legally gets into the Treasury, to be able to use the
money, what does Congress have to do? - Write a Law
,Gives executive power to the President to be the Commander in Chief and to execute
the laws - Article 2 Executive Branch
The President has the power to nominate and with the advice and consent of the
Senate, shall appoint these officials. Name 2? - Ambassadors & Supreme Court Judges
How often does the President give to Congress the State of the Union (Jan/Feb) time
frame. - Once year
Who and what branch is responsibly for faithfully executing the laws enacted by
Congress (Legislative Branch)? - President (Executive Branch)
The Supreme Court does not deal in the matter of what? - State Laws
A new Congress convenes for two years following the November general elections, it
consists of how many sessions, and each in what duration? - 2 sessions; 1 year
duration
This may originate either in the House of Representatives or in the Senate. There is
little practice difference between a bill and a " ", once agree, it goes to the President for
signature. - Joint Resolution
Matters affecting the operation of the House & Senate and both chambers agree, does
not go to the President for signature. - Concurrent Resolution
The House and Senate can each write an matter concerning the operation on its own.
Applies to the chamber that created it. Knows as the H.Res & S.Res - Simple
Resolution
During the State of The Union, what message is the President giving? - State of Union,
recommend measures necessary and expedient
Can an Executive Branch Department pass legislation with the approval of OMB and on
Behalf of the president, to a congressional committee or subcommittee - Yes, but must
be approved by OMB
Who resolves differences between the HR and the Senate? - Conference Committee
(Third Chamber)
What is usually the first step in the process for consideration by committee? - Public
Hearing
When a Conference Committee is convened dealing with an amendment, what can the
conferees do and not do? - Only deal with matters in disagreement; cannot insert new
matter or leave out matter agreed on
,The final step after the Conference Committee Resolution after a measure has been
passed in identical form by both the House andSenate, it is considered to be what? -
"Enrolled" (then sent to the president)
What was declared unconstitutional in 1998 with respect to Presidential Veto? - Line
Item Veto
If the President Veto a Bill, it is returned to the house of original acting first. If the Bill
does not receive 2/3 vote, it is sustained and the bill fails to become law. If it receives
the required 2/3 vote, an endorsement to the effect is made on the back of the bill and it
is then transmitted, with the accompany message, the to the second house for its
action. What has to happen for the Bill to become Law? - The next house has to pass it
with a 2/3 vote to become law.
Who is responsible for the 3 phases of the Budget Cycle? - OMB
What are the 3 Phases of the Budget Cycle? - Budget Formulation, Congressional
Action and Budget Execution
Who does the Federal budget belong to? - The President
The Budget Formulation processed is governed by this? - OMB Circular A-11
OMB Circular A-11 sets out the promises of the president - Presidential Priorities
What are the six major steps in the budget formulation process laid out in OMB Circular
A-11? - 1) OMB Issues guidance; 2) Organization develops draft; 3) Agency submit
budget estimates to OMB; 4) OMB hold hearings on Agency Budgets; 5) President
makes final decisions on Agency budgets; 6) President transmits the budget to
Congress.
What organization is responsible for helping the President with spending policy,
managing the executive budget, and providing advice an dangles on a broad range of
topics? - Additional OMB Duties
The President is responsible to transmit the budget of the US government to congress
NLT when? - 1st Monday in February each year
Congress she process authorization legislation, which authorizes or allows programs to
exist. They also pass appropriations, which provide funding for programs -
Congressional Action Phase
The President signs the bills into law that provides legal budget authority to incur
obligations and make payments out of the Treasury for specified purposes. -
Appropriation
, In the Congressional Action Phase, who holds hearing in January in preperation for
drafting the concurrent resolution of the budget? - Budget Committees
Budget Committees this to their respective houses. The resolution sets spending
revenue and other budget targets for the upcoming fiscal year. - Concurrent Resolution
- April of each year
This is the process of estimating the budgetary effects of pending legislation and
comparing them to a baseline such as a budget resolution or to any limits that may be
set in law. - Scorekeeping
What data does scorekeeping track? - budget authority, receipts, outlays, surplus or
deficit, and the public debt
This resolution fixes new budget authority and outlay target and establishes target for
the Gross National Debt, revenues, and surplus/deficit. - Budget Resolution
This resolution does not require the signature of the President. It is the first step in the
Congressional Budget Process. - Concurrent Budget Resolution
This Bill may not exceed the ceilings set in the CBR w/out a 60% majority vote of the
entire congress & CBO monitors for compliance. - Annual Appropriation Bill
Defense, Military Construction/Veterans Affairs & Energy and Water - Defense Relates
Appropriations Acts
When a statutes language is not clear as written, the best place to go for interpretation
of the law is where? - Legislative History
Who will provide DoDs position on appeal items? - SECDEF
Amends the budgets submission prior to completion of a congressional act ....they have
been submitted but not yet processed by congress - Budget Amendments
Normally transmitted to Congress as requests to provide funds in addition to amounts
already appropriated for the ongoing fiscal year. - Supplmental Requests
What provides budget authority for specific ongoing activities for a specific period of
time? - Continuing Resolution (CR)
Budget authority and the availability of budgetary resources for obligation and
expenditure are limited by the following elements. - Time, Purpose & Amount
AND ANSWERS
What prevents Congress and the President from unilaterally making laws and treaties? -
Separation of Power
What give Congress the authority to make laws? - Article 1, Section 8 of the
Constitution
Who reviews the constitution for interpretation of the constitution? - Supreme Court
Who has the power to raise taxes given in Article 1 of the Constitution? - Congress
(Legislative Branch)
What does the Congress of the US consist of? - Senate (6 yrs); House (2 yrs)
All bills for raising Revenue shall originate where? But the Senate may propose or
concur with Amendments as on other Bills. - House of Representative
To be able to override a presidential veto, the House has to have a majority to pass the
bill; and if approved, then goes to the Senate for a vote to pass the bill. If approved, the
Bill becomes Law. What is the percentage the vote has to pass by in both the House &
Senate? - 2/3 and 2/3
If any Bill shall not be returned by the President after it has been presented to him, the
Same shall be a law. How many days? - 10 Days
Who has the power to lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts and Excises to pay the
debts and provide for the common defense and general welfare of the United States. -
Congress
Article 1, Section 8 of the Constitution allows for what? - 1) borrow money on credit 2)
regulate commerce; 3) Coin money; 4) Constitute Tribunals; 5) Declare War; 6) Raise
and support Armies; 7) provide and maintain Navy; 8) Make Rules for Government
Regulation of land and naval forces; 9) Provide for calling forth Militia; 10) to make all
laws
No money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but in the Consequence of Appropriations
made by law. - Article 1, Section 9
Once the money officially and legally gets into the Treasury, to be able to use the
money, what does Congress have to do? - Write a Law
,Gives executive power to the President to be the Commander in Chief and to execute
the laws - Article 2 Executive Branch
The President has the power to nominate and with the advice and consent of the
Senate, shall appoint these officials. Name 2? - Ambassadors & Supreme Court Judges
How often does the President give to Congress the State of the Union (Jan/Feb) time
frame. - Once year
Who and what branch is responsibly for faithfully executing the laws enacted by
Congress (Legislative Branch)? - President (Executive Branch)
The Supreme Court does not deal in the matter of what? - State Laws
A new Congress convenes for two years following the November general elections, it
consists of how many sessions, and each in what duration? - 2 sessions; 1 year
duration
This may originate either in the House of Representatives or in the Senate. There is
little practice difference between a bill and a " ", once agree, it goes to the President for
signature. - Joint Resolution
Matters affecting the operation of the House & Senate and both chambers agree, does
not go to the President for signature. - Concurrent Resolution
The House and Senate can each write an matter concerning the operation on its own.
Applies to the chamber that created it. Knows as the H.Res & S.Res - Simple
Resolution
During the State of The Union, what message is the President giving? - State of Union,
recommend measures necessary and expedient
Can an Executive Branch Department pass legislation with the approval of OMB and on
Behalf of the president, to a congressional committee or subcommittee - Yes, but must
be approved by OMB
Who resolves differences between the HR and the Senate? - Conference Committee
(Third Chamber)
What is usually the first step in the process for consideration by committee? - Public
Hearing
When a Conference Committee is convened dealing with an amendment, what can the
conferees do and not do? - Only deal with matters in disagreement; cannot insert new
matter or leave out matter agreed on
,The final step after the Conference Committee Resolution after a measure has been
passed in identical form by both the House andSenate, it is considered to be what? -
"Enrolled" (then sent to the president)
What was declared unconstitutional in 1998 with respect to Presidential Veto? - Line
Item Veto
If the President Veto a Bill, it is returned to the house of original acting first. If the Bill
does not receive 2/3 vote, it is sustained and the bill fails to become law. If it receives
the required 2/3 vote, an endorsement to the effect is made on the back of the bill and it
is then transmitted, with the accompany message, the to the second house for its
action. What has to happen for the Bill to become Law? - The next house has to pass it
with a 2/3 vote to become law.
Who is responsible for the 3 phases of the Budget Cycle? - OMB
What are the 3 Phases of the Budget Cycle? - Budget Formulation, Congressional
Action and Budget Execution
Who does the Federal budget belong to? - The President
The Budget Formulation processed is governed by this? - OMB Circular A-11
OMB Circular A-11 sets out the promises of the president - Presidential Priorities
What are the six major steps in the budget formulation process laid out in OMB Circular
A-11? - 1) OMB Issues guidance; 2) Organization develops draft; 3) Agency submit
budget estimates to OMB; 4) OMB hold hearings on Agency Budgets; 5) President
makes final decisions on Agency budgets; 6) President transmits the budget to
Congress.
What organization is responsible for helping the President with spending policy,
managing the executive budget, and providing advice an dangles on a broad range of
topics? - Additional OMB Duties
The President is responsible to transmit the budget of the US government to congress
NLT when? - 1st Monday in February each year
Congress she process authorization legislation, which authorizes or allows programs to
exist. They also pass appropriations, which provide funding for programs -
Congressional Action Phase
The President signs the bills into law that provides legal budget authority to incur
obligations and make payments out of the Treasury for specified purposes. -
Appropriation
, In the Congressional Action Phase, who holds hearing in January in preperation for
drafting the concurrent resolution of the budget? - Budget Committees
Budget Committees this to their respective houses. The resolution sets spending
revenue and other budget targets for the upcoming fiscal year. - Concurrent Resolution
- April of each year
This is the process of estimating the budgetary effects of pending legislation and
comparing them to a baseline such as a budget resolution or to any limits that may be
set in law. - Scorekeeping
What data does scorekeeping track? - budget authority, receipts, outlays, surplus or
deficit, and the public debt
This resolution fixes new budget authority and outlay target and establishes target for
the Gross National Debt, revenues, and surplus/deficit. - Budget Resolution
This resolution does not require the signature of the President. It is the first step in the
Congressional Budget Process. - Concurrent Budget Resolution
This Bill may not exceed the ceilings set in the CBR w/out a 60% majority vote of the
entire congress & CBO monitors for compliance. - Annual Appropriation Bill
Defense, Military Construction/Veterans Affairs & Energy and Water - Defense Relates
Appropriations Acts
When a statutes language is not clear as written, the best place to go for interpretation
of the law is where? - Legislative History
Who will provide DoDs position on appeal items? - SECDEF
Amends the budgets submission prior to completion of a congressional act ....they have
been submitted but not yet processed by congress - Budget Amendments
Normally transmitted to Congress as requests to provide funds in addition to amounts
already appropriated for the ongoing fiscal year. - Supplmental Requests
What provides budget authority for specific ongoing activities for a specific period of
time? - Continuing Resolution (CR)
Budget authority and the availability of budgetary resources for obligation and
expenditure are limited by the following elements. - Time, Purpose & Amount
