ADN 2 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+
LATEST UPDATE!!!!!!
The nurse is assessing a client. What assessment finding is the clearest indicator of autonomic function?
- (ANSWER)The client's respiratory rate is 22 breaths per minute
Explanation:
The autonomic nervous system functions to regulate respirations. Voluntary motor function, hearing and
sensation are not primarily within the ANS. (Fransen ch.46)
Nicotinic receptors would be found in which location? - (ANSWER)Adrenal medulla
Explanation:
Nicotinic receptors are found in the CNS, the adrenal medulla, the autonomic ganglia, and the
neuromuscular junction. Muscarinic receptors are found in the sweat glands, bladder and GI tract.
Which client's nicotinic receptors are likely being stimulated the most? - (ANSWER)a client who is
anxious while waiting in the preoperative area.
Explanation:
Stimulation of nicotinic receptors causes skeletal muscle contractions, autonomic responses such as
signs and symptoms of a stress reaction, and release of norepinephrine and epinephrine from the
adrenal medulla. These receptors do not respond to levels of dopamine or serotonin. Increased bowel
motility is more closely associated with stimulation of muscarinic receptors.
A client's muscle weakness has been found to result from a lack of neurotransmitter communication
between nerves and muscles. What neurotransmitter is most likely deficient? - (ANSWER)acetylcholine
Explanation:
Acetylcholine communicates between nerves and muscles. Dopamine is involved in the coordination of
impulses and responses, both motor and intellectual. GABA inhibits nerve activity. Serotonin is important
in arousal and sleep.
A patient with Parkinson's disease is being cared for on your unit. The nurse would be correct in
identifying what neurotransmitter as being decreased in this disease? - (ANSWER)Dopamine
Explanation:
,ADN 2 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+
LATEST UPDATE!!!!!!
Parkinson's disease develops from decreased availability of dopamine, while acetylcholine binding to
muscle cells is impaired in myasthenia gravis.
Which of the following are consequences of repeated exposure of dopamine receptors to dopamine?
Select all that apply. - (ANSWER)Decreased number of receptors
Decreased sensitivity to dopamine
Explanation:
Repeated stimulation of dopamine receptors decreases their numbers (downregulation) and their
sensitivity to dopamine (desensitization).
The nursing instructor is explaining the role of the parasympathetic nervous system in influencing body
functions. Which change in a patient's body functions would be directly related to the stimulation of the
parasympathetic nervous system? - (ANSWER)Decreased heart rate
Explanation:
Specific body responses to parasympathetic stimulation include decreased heart rate, increased motility
of the gastrointestinal tract, and pupil constriction.
A client's nerves have been stimulated and the signal has reached the axon. How will communication
continue? - (ANSWER)by the release of a neurotransmitter
Explanation:
The transmission of information between two nerves or between a nerve and a gland or muscle is
chemical , achieved by the release of a neurotransmitter. Communication is not electrical or physical,
and communication does not necessarily cease at the axon.
A client's left adrenal medulla has been injured in a motor vehicle accident. What is a possible
implication of this injury? - (ANSWER)Disruptions in the levels of norepinephrine and epinephrine
Explanation:
, ADN 2 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+
LATEST UPDATE!!!!!!
The adrenal medulla produces epinephrine and norepinephrine, but not dopamine. Impaired adrenal
medullary functions would be unlikely to affect action potentials or the function of the sodium
potassium pump throughout the nervous system.
Which statements are correct regarding the autonomic nervous system (ANS) receptors? Select all that
apply. - (ANSWER)Drug effects depend on the branch of the ANS involved.
Medications can either stimulate or inhibit the ANS.
Explanation:
Because ANS receptors are widespread throughout the body, drug that acts on the ANS usually affects
the entire body rather than certain organs and tissues. Drugs effects depend on which branch of the ANS
is involved and whether it is stimulated or inhibited by drug therapy. Knowledge of the physiology of the
ANS is required by the nurse if drug therapy is administered.
A signal has reached the terminus of a client's nerve and is in the space where the nerve is closest to the
effector cell in a muscle. At what location is this signal? - (ANSWER)Synapse
Explanation:
The synapse refers to the junction between a nerve and an effector such as a gland, muscle, or other
nerve. The neuron is the basic structural unit of the nervous system. Soma refers to the cell body of a
neuron. A Schwann cell is a specialized insulating cell on nerve axons.
A nurse is reading an article about the fight or flight response that includes a discussion of a
neurotransmitter. Which neurotransmitter most likely would be addressed? - (ANSWER)Norepinephrine
Explanation:
Norepinephrine is a catecholamine involved in the fight or flight response. GABA is important in
preventing over excitability or stimulation of nerve activity. Serotonin is an important neurotransmitter
involved in arousal and sleep. Dopamine is involved in the coordination of impulses and responses, both
motor and intellectual.
A client with asthma is prescribed albuterol to dilate the bronchioles. The nurse understands that this
drug is likely acting on which receptors? - (ANSWER)Beta-2
LATEST UPDATE!!!!!!
The nurse is assessing a client. What assessment finding is the clearest indicator of autonomic function?
- (ANSWER)The client's respiratory rate is 22 breaths per minute
Explanation:
The autonomic nervous system functions to regulate respirations. Voluntary motor function, hearing and
sensation are not primarily within the ANS. (Fransen ch.46)
Nicotinic receptors would be found in which location? - (ANSWER)Adrenal medulla
Explanation:
Nicotinic receptors are found in the CNS, the adrenal medulla, the autonomic ganglia, and the
neuromuscular junction. Muscarinic receptors are found in the sweat glands, bladder and GI tract.
Which client's nicotinic receptors are likely being stimulated the most? - (ANSWER)a client who is
anxious while waiting in the preoperative area.
Explanation:
Stimulation of nicotinic receptors causes skeletal muscle contractions, autonomic responses such as
signs and symptoms of a stress reaction, and release of norepinephrine and epinephrine from the
adrenal medulla. These receptors do not respond to levels of dopamine or serotonin. Increased bowel
motility is more closely associated with stimulation of muscarinic receptors.
A client's muscle weakness has been found to result from a lack of neurotransmitter communication
between nerves and muscles. What neurotransmitter is most likely deficient? - (ANSWER)acetylcholine
Explanation:
Acetylcholine communicates between nerves and muscles. Dopamine is involved in the coordination of
impulses and responses, both motor and intellectual. GABA inhibits nerve activity. Serotonin is important
in arousal and sleep.
A patient with Parkinson's disease is being cared for on your unit. The nurse would be correct in
identifying what neurotransmitter as being decreased in this disease? - (ANSWER)Dopamine
Explanation:
,ADN 2 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+
LATEST UPDATE!!!!!!
Parkinson's disease develops from decreased availability of dopamine, while acetylcholine binding to
muscle cells is impaired in myasthenia gravis.
Which of the following are consequences of repeated exposure of dopamine receptors to dopamine?
Select all that apply. - (ANSWER)Decreased number of receptors
Decreased sensitivity to dopamine
Explanation:
Repeated stimulation of dopamine receptors decreases their numbers (downregulation) and their
sensitivity to dopamine (desensitization).
The nursing instructor is explaining the role of the parasympathetic nervous system in influencing body
functions. Which change in a patient's body functions would be directly related to the stimulation of the
parasympathetic nervous system? - (ANSWER)Decreased heart rate
Explanation:
Specific body responses to parasympathetic stimulation include decreased heart rate, increased motility
of the gastrointestinal tract, and pupil constriction.
A client's nerves have been stimulated and the signal has reached the axon. How will communication
continue? - (ANSWER)by the release of a neurotransmitter
Explanation:
The transmission of information between two nerves or between a nerve and a gland or muscle is
chemical , achieved by the release of a neurotransmitter. Communication is not electrical or physical,
and communication does not necessarily cease at the axon.
A client's left adrenal medulla has been injured in a motor vehicle accident. What is a possible
implication of this injury? - (ANSWER)Disruptions in the levels of norepinephrine and epinephrine
Explanation:
, ADN 2 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+
LATEST UPDATE!!!!!!
The adrenal medulla produces epinephrine and norepinephrine, but not dopamine. Impaired adrenal
medullary functions would be unlikely to affect action potentials or the function of the sodium
potassium pump throughout the nervous system.
Which statements are correct regarding the autonomic nervous system (ANS) receptors? Select all that
apply. - (ANSWER)Drug effects depend on the branch of the ANS involved.
Medications can either stimulate or inhibit the ANS.
Explanation:
Because ANS receptors are widespread throughout the body, drug that acts on the ANS usually affects
the entire body rather than certain organs and tissues. Drugs effects depend on which branch of the ANS
is involved and whether it is stimulated or inhibited by drug therapy. Knowledge of the physiology of the
ANS is required by the nurse if drug therapy is administered.
A signal has reached the terminus of a client's nerve and is in the space where the nerve is closest to the
effector cell in a muscle. At what location is this signal? - (ANSWER)Synapse
Explanation:
The synapse refers to the junction between a nerve and an effector such as a gland, muscle, or other
nerve. The neuron is the basic structural unit of the nervous system. Soma refers to the cell body of a
neuron. A Schwann cell is a specialized insulating cell on nerve axons.
A nurse is reading an article about the fight or flight response that includes a discussion of a
neurotransmitter. Which neurotransmitter most likely would be addressed? - (ANSWER)Norepinephrine
Explanation:
Norepinephrine is a catecholamine involved in the fight or flight response. GABA is important in
preventing over excitability or stimulation of nerve activity. Serotonin is an important neurotransmitter
involved in arousal and sleep. Dopamine is involved in the coordination of impulses and responses, both
motor and intellectual.
A client with asthma is prescribed albuterol to dilate the bronchioles. The nurse understands that this
drug is likely acting on which receptors? - (ANSWER)Beta-2
